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Management (Course 15) 管理（课程 15）

Managerial Economics 管理经济学

**15.000 Explorations in Management

15.000 管理探索**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Broad introduction to the various aspects of management including analytics, accounting and finance, operations, marketing, entrepreneurship and leadership, organizations, economics, systems dynamics, and negotiation and communication. Introduces the field of management through a variety of experiences as well as discussions led by faculty or industry experts. Also reviews the three undergraduate majors offered by Sloan as well as careers in management. Subject can count toward the 6-unit discovery-focused credit limit for first year students. Limited to undergraduates; preference to first years.
广泛介绍管理的各个方面，包括分析、会计和财务、运营、营销、创业和领导力、组织、经济学、系统动力学以及谈判和沟通。通过各种经验以及由教师或行业专家领导的讨论介绍管理领域。还回顾了仕龙提供的三个本科专业以及管理职业。受试者可以计入一年级学生的 6 个单元的以发现为重点的学分限额。仅限本科生;优先选择一年级。

J. Orlin J. 奥林

**15.002 Leadership Challenges for an Inclusive World

15.002 包容性世界的领导力挑战**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]

Units assigned to MBA students upon completion. Restricted to Sloan MBA students.
完成时分配给 MBA 学生的单元。仅限斯隆 MBA 学生。

Consult D. Gormley 咨询 D. Gormley

15.003 Analytics Tools 15.003 分析工具

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Units assigned to Master of Business Analytics students upon completion of the Analytics Tools requirement. Restricted to Master of Business Analytics students.
完成 Analytics Tools 要求后分配给商业分析硕士学生的单元。仅限商业分析硕士学生。

Consult D. Gormley 咨询 D. Gormley

**15.004 Programming for Finance Professionals

15.004 金融专业人士编程**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
1-0-0 units 1-0-0 单位

Two-day accelerated course with supplemental recitations designed to develop skills in applying basic methods from the programming language Python (with additional references from R) to financial problems. Topics include programming basics in Python, data manipulation, visualization and reporting and an overview of programming ethics. MFin students will apply and build upon these skills in 15.433 Financial Markets and 15.450/15.457 Analytics and Advanced Analytics of Finance. Students must pass one of two exams offered during the summer term to demonstrate their ability to solve financial problems using R and Python. Restricted to Sloan Master of Finance Program students.
为期两天的速成课程，包括补充背诵，旨在培养将编程语言 Python 的基本方法（带有 R 的额外参考资料）应用于财务问题的技能。主题包括 Python 编程基础知识、数据操作、可视化和报告以及编程道德概述。硕士生将在金融市场和 15.450 /或 15.457 分析以及金融高级分析中 15.433 应用并建立这些技能。学生必须通过夏季学期提供的两项考试之一，以证明他们使用 R 和 Python 解决财务问题的能力。仅限斯隆金融硕士课程学生。

Consult J. Alton 咨询 J. Alton

**15.005 Sloan Intensive Period Elective Requirement

15.005 斯隆强化期选修课要求**

Prereq: 15.002 先决条件： 15.002
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]

Units assigned to MBA students upon completion of the Sloan Intensive Period (SIP) elective requirement. Restricted to Sloan MBA students.
在完成斯隆强化期 （SIP） 选修要求后分配给 MBA 学生的单元。仅限斯隆 MBA 学生。

Consult D. Gormley 咨询 D. Gormley

**15.010 Economic Analysis for Business Decisions

15.010 商业决策的经济分析**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Introduces principles of microeconomics as a framework for making more informed managerial decisions. Discusses the supply and demand paradigm with applications to digital marketplaces, innovation, sources of market power, and strategic pricing. Provides an introduction to game theory to study competition and cooperation both within and between firms. Restricted to first-year Sloan MBA students.
介绍微观经济学原理作为做出更明智的管理决策的框架。讨论供需范式及其在数字市场中的应用、创新、市场力量来源和战略定价。提供博弈论介绍，以研究公司内部和公司之间的竞争与合作。仅限斯隆 MBA 一年级学生。

C. Knittel C. 针织

**15.011 Economic Analysis for Business Decisions

15.011 商业决策的经济分析**

Subject meets with 15.0111
对象会见 15.0111
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Introduces principles of microeconomics as a framework for making more informed managerial decisions. Discusses the supply and demand paradigm with applications to digital marketplaces, innovation, sources of market power, and strategic pricing. Provides an introduction to game theory to study competition and cooperation both within and between firms. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. Intended for non-Sloan graduate students; not open to Sloan MBA students.
介绍微观经济学原理作为做出更明智的管理决策的框架。讨论供需范式及其在数字市场中的应用、创新、市场力量来源和战略定价。提供博弈论介绍，以研究公司内部和公司之间的竞争与合作。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。适用于非斯隆研究生;不对斯隆 MBA 学生开放。

C. Knittel C. 针织

**15.0111 Economic Analysis for Business Decisions

15.0111 商业决策的经济分析**

Subject meets with 15.011
对象会见 15.011
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Introduces principles of microeconomics as a framework for making more informed managerial decisions. Discusses the supply and demand paradigm with applications to digital marketplaces, innovation, sources of market power, and strategic pricing. Provides an introduction to game theory to study competition and cooperation both within and between firms. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. Intended for undergraduate students; not open to Sloan MBA students.
介绍微观经济学原理作为做出更明智的管理决策的框架。讨论供需范式及其在数字市场中的应用、创新、市场力量来源和战略定价。提供博弈论介绍，以研究公司内部和公司之间的竞争与合作。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。面向本科生;不对斯隆 MBA 学生开放。

C. Knittel C. 针织

**15.012 Applied Macro- and International Economics

15.012 应用宏观和国际经济学**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores the macroeconomic environment in which firms operate. Aims to provide a strong foundation in macroeconomic concepts and apply them to understand specific country experiences. Introduces the basic tools of short-run macroeconomic management, primarily monetary and fiscal policy, utilizing historical case studies and modern policy discussions as context. Explores drivers of long-term growth, examining the cases of economic miracles and productivity slowdowns in developed economies, and then delves into the fundamental theory of trade, applying it to the discussions of global trade wars and trade agreements.
探讨公司运营所在的宏观经济环境。旨在为宏观经济概念提供坚实的基础，并应用它们来理解特定国家的经验。介绍短期宏观经济管理的基本工具，主要是货币和财政政策，以历史案例研究和现代政策讨论为背景。探讨长期增长的驱动因素，研究发达经济体的经济奇迹和生产力放缓的案例，然后深入研究贸易的基本理论，并将其应用于全球贸易战和贸易协定的讨论。

A. Makarin, R. Rigobon A. Makarin， R. Rigobon

**15.013 Economics for Strategic Decisions

15.013 战略决策的经济学**

Prereq: 15.010 or 15.011
Prereq： 15.010 或 15.011
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Applies principles of economics most relevant for corporate strategy to analysis of particular industries. Topics include market structure and its determinants; rational strategic behavior in small numbers situations; strategies for price and nonprice competition; dynamic pricing, output, and advertising decisions; entry and entry deterrence; competition with network externalities; investments under uncertainty; competition among platforms; R&D and patent licensing; and the growth and evolution of industries.
将与公司战略最相关的经济学原理应用于特定行业的分析。主题包括市场结构及其决定因素;小规模情况下的理性战略行为;价格和非价格竞争策略;动态定价、输出和广告决策;入境和入境威慑;与网络外部性的竞争;不确定性下的投资;平台之间的竞争;研发和专利许可;以及行业的增长和演变。

R. Pindyck R. 平迪克

**15.014 Applied Macro- and International Economics II

15.014 应用宏观与国际经济学 II**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
4-0-2 units 4-0-2 单位

Establishes understanding of the development processes of societies and economies. Studies several dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social, political, institutional, economy, organizational, relational, and personal) and the balance among them. Explores the basics of governmental intervention, focusing on areas such as the judicial system, environment, social security, and health. Builds skills to determine what type of policy is most appropriate. Considers implications of new technologies on the financial sector: internationalization of currencies, mobile payment systems, and cryptocurrencies. Discusses the institutional framework to ensure choices are sustainable across all dimensions and applications.
建立对社会和经济发展过程的理解。研究可持续性的几个维度（环境、社会、政治、制度、经济、组织、关系和个人）以及它们之间的平衡。探索政府干预的基础知识，重点关注司法系统、环境、社会保障和健康等领域。培养技能以确定哪种类型的策略最合适。考虑新技术对金融部门的影响：货币国际化、移动支付系统和加密货币。讨论确保选择在所有维度和应用中都是可持续的制度框架。

R. Rigobon, A. Makarin R. Rigobon， A. 马卡林

**15.015 Macroeconomic Policy Reforms

15.015 宏观经济政策改革**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring; first half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季;上半学期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Focuses on the current policy and economic issues in the US economy. Students propose economic and policy reforms around issues such as labor markets, inflation and central banking, financial regulation, education, health, housing, transportation, social security, democracy, immigration, diversity, and environmental policy. Topics change year to year. In each class, proposals are presented and voted upon by the group.
专注于美国经济的当前政策和经济问题。学生围绕劳动力市场、通货膨胀和中央银行、金融监管、教育、健康、住房、交通、社会保障、民主、移民、多样性和环境政策等问题提出经济和政策改革。主题每年都在变化。在每个类别中，提案由小组提出并投票。

R. Rigobon R. 里戈邦

**15.018 Current Debates of Macroeconomics and Public Policy

15.018 当前宏观经济学和公共政策的辩论**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Concentrates on debates about current policy challenges. Students debate and vote on policy actions on current issues in developed and developing nations. Subjects include industrial policy, macroeconomics, poverty, social safety net, labor practices, immigration and labor markets, international economics, human rights, civil rights, democracy, environmental policy, regulation, and crypto assets. Topics change from year to year.
专注于关于当前政策挑战的辩论。学生就发达国家和发展中国家当前问题的政策行动进行辩论和投票。主题包括产业政策、宏观经济学、贫困、社会安全网、劳动实践、移民和劳动力市场、国际经济学、人权、民权、民主、环境政策、监管和加密资产。主题每年都在变化。

R. Rigobon R. 里戈邦

**15.020 Economics of Energy, Innovation, and Sustainability

15.020 能源、创新和可持续性经济学**

Prereq: 14.01 or 15.011
Prereq： 14.01 或 15.011
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 14.43[J], 15.0201[J]
也无法接收 14.43[J] 的积分 。 15.0201[J]

Covers energy and environmental market organization and regulation. Explores economic challenges and solutions to transforming energy markets to be more efficient, accessible, affordable, and sustainable. Applies core economic concepts - consumer choice, firm profit maximization, and strategic behavior - to understand when energy and environmental markets work well and when they fail. They also conduct data-driven economic analysis on the trade-offs of real and proposed policy interventions. Topics include renewable generation sources for electricity, energy access in emerging markets, efficiency programs and fuel efficiency standards, transitioning transportation to alternative fuels, measuring damages and adaptation to climate change, and the effect of energy and environmental policy on innovation. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
涵盖能源和环境市场组织和监管。探索经济挑战和解决方案，以将能源市场转变为更高效、更可及、更实惠和更可持续的能源市场。应用核心经济概念 - 消费者选择、公司利润最大化和战略行为 - 来了解能源和环境市场何时运作良好，何时失败。他们还对实际和拟议政策干预的权衡进行数据驱动的经济分析。主题包括可再生能源发电、新兴市场的能源获取、效率计划和燃料效率标准、向替代燃料的运输过渡、衡量损害和适应气候变化，以及能源和环境政策对创新的影响。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Li 李俊

**15.0201[J] Economics of Energy, Innovation, and Sustainability

15.0201[J] 能源经济学、创新和可持续性**

Same subject as 14.43[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.43[J]
Prereq: 14.01 or 15.0111
Prereq： 14.01 或 15.0111
U (Fall) U （秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-9 units. HASS-S 3-0-9 个单位。HASS-S 系列
Credit cannot also be received for 15.020
也无法获得 15.020

Covers energy and environmental market organization and regulation. Explores economic challenges and solutions to transforming energy markets to be more efficient, accessible, affordable, and sustainable. Applies core economic concepts - consumer choice, firm profit maximization, and strategic behavior - to understand when energy and environmental markets work well and when they fail. They also conduct data-driven economic analysis on the trade-offs of real and proposed policy interventions. Topics include renewable generation sources for electricity, energy access in emerging markets, efficiency programs and fuel efficiency standards, transitioning transportation to alternative fuels, measuring damages and adaptation to climate change, and the effect of energy and environmental policy on innovation. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
涵盖能源和环境市场组织和监管。探索经济挑战和解决方案，以将能源市场转变为更高效、更可及、更实惠和更可持续的能源市场。应用核心经济概念 - 消费者选择、公司利润最大化和战略行为 - 来了解能源和环境市场何时运作良好，何时失败。他们还对实际和拟议政策干预的权衡进行数据驱动的经济分析。主题包括可再生能源发电、新兴市场的能源获取、效率计划和燃料效率标准、向替代燃料的运输过渡、衡量损害和适应气候变化，以及能源和环境政策对创新的影响。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Li 李俊

**15.021[J] Real Estate Economics

15.021[J] 房地产经济学**

Same subject as 11.433[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.433[J]
Prereq: 14.01, 15.010, or 15.011
先决条件： 14.01 ， 15.010 ， 或 15.011
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

See description under subject 11.433[J].
请参阅 主题 11.433[J] 下的描述 。

A. Saiz A. 赛兹

**15.022[J] Real Estate Markets: Macroeconomics

15.022[J] 房地产市场：宏观经济学**

Same subject as 11.429[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.429[J]
Prereq: 11.431[J] or permission of instructor
前提条件： 11.431[J] 或教师许可
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

See description under subject 11.429[J]. Limited to 30.
请参阅 主题 11.429[J] 下的描述 。限制为 30 个。

W. Wheaton W. 惠顿

**15.024 Applied Economics for Managers

15.024 经理人应用经济学**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.722
也无法获得 15.722

Develops facility with concepts, language and tools of micro economics. Primary focus on the analysis of markets, strategic interactions among firms and game theory as applied to firms. Emphasizes integration of theory, data, and judgment in the analysis of a wide range of corporate decisions, both between and within firms. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
使用微观经济学的概念、语言和工具开发设施。主要关注市场分析、公司之间的战略互动和应用于公司的博弈论。强调在分析公司之间和公司内部的各种公司决策时整合理论、数据和判断。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

T. Suri T. 苏瑞

**15.025 Game Theory for Strategic Advantage

15.025 战略优势博弈论**

Subject meets with 15.0251
对象会见 15.0251
Prereq: 14.01, 15.010, 15.011, 15.024, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 14.01 ， 15.010 ， 15.011 15.024 ， ， 或 教师权限
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.741
也无法获得 15.741

Develops and applies principles of game theory relevant to managers' strategic decisions. Topics include how to reason about strategies and opponents; strategic commitment and negotiations; reputation and seemingly irrational actions; bidding in auctions; and the design of auctions, contests and markets. Applications to a variety of business decisions that arise in different industries, both within and outside the firm. Meets with 15.0251 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
制定并应用与经理人战略决策相关的博弈论原则。主题包括如何推理策略和对手;战略承诺和谈判;声誉和看似不理性的行为;拍卖中投标;以及拍卖、竞赛和市场的设计。应用于公司内外不同行业出现的各种业务决策。同时提供时会面 15.0251 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

A. Bonatti A. 博纳蒂

**15.0251 Game Theory for Strategic Advantage

15.0251 战略优势的博弈论**

Subject meets with 15.025
对象会见 15.025
Prereq: 14.01, 15.0111, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 14.01 ， 15.0111 ， 或 教师许可
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.741
也无法获得 15.741

Develops and applies principles of game theory relevant to managers' strategic decisions. Topics include how to reason about strategies and opponents; strategic commitment and negotiations; reputation and seemingly irrational actions; bidding in auctions; and the design of auctions, contests and markets. Applications to a variety of business decisions that arise in different industries, both within and outside the firm. Meets with 15.025 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
制定并应用与经理人战略决策相关的博弈论原则。主题包括如何推理策略和对手;战略承诺和谈判;声誉和看似不理性的行为;拍卖中投标;以及拍卖、竞赛和市场的设计。应用于公司内外不同行业出现的各种业务决策。同时提供时会面 15.025 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

A. Bonatti A. 博纳蒂

**15.026[J] Global Climate Change: Economics, Science, and Policy

15.026[J] 全球气候变化：经济学、科学和政策**

Same subject as 12.348[J]
与 Subject 相同 12.348[J]
Prereq: (Calculus II (GIR), 5.60, and 14.01) or permission of instructor
先决条件：（微积分 II （GIR）、5.60 和 14.01 ）或教师许可
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduces scientific, economic, and ecological issues underlying the threat of global climate change, and the institutions engaged in negotiating an international response. Develops an integrated approach to analysis of climate change processes, and assessment of proposed policy measures, drawing on research and model development within the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. Graduate students are expected to explore the topic in greater depth through reading and individual research..
介绍全球气候变化威胁背后的科学、经济和生态问题，以及参与国际应对谈判的机构。利用麻省理工学院全球变化科学与政策联合项目内的研究和模型开发，开发一种综合方法来分析气候变化过程和评估拟议的政策措施。研究生应通过阅读和个人研究更深入地探索这个主题。

Staff 员工

**15.027 Opportunities in Developing Economies

15.027 发展中经济体的机遇**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Investigates the role of the private sector in developing economies, highlighting how solving market failures can improve overall welfare. Covers constraints faced by firms in developing economies: contract enforcement, corruption, political risk, human rights, IP and infrastructure. Uses case studies to discuss successful firms and innovative solutions to these constraints, including public-private partnerships, the role of technology, the role of finance and impact investing.
调查私营部门在发展中经济体中的作用，强调解决市场失灵如何提高整体福利。涵盖发展中经济体企业面临的制约因素：合同执行、腐败、政治风险、人权、知识产权和基础设施。使用案例研究来讨论成功的公司和针对这些限制的创新解决方案，包括公私合作伙伴关系、技术的作用、金融的作用和影响力投资。

T. Suri T. 苏瑞

**15.029[J] United States Energy Policy: Lessons Learned for the Future

15.029[J] 美国能源政策：未来的经验教训**

Same subject as 5.81[J]
与 Subject 相同 5.81[J]
Subject meets with 5.811[J], 15.0291[J]
对象与 5.811[J] 、 15.0291[J] 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Fall; second half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（秋季;学期下半年）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

See description under subject 5.81[J].
请参阅 主题 5.81[J] 下的描述 。

J. Deutch J. 多伊奇

**15.0291[J] United States Energy Policy: Lessons Learned for the Future

15.0291[J] 美国能源政策：未来的经验教训**

Same subject as 5.811[J]
与 Subject 相同 5.811[J]
Subject meets with 5.81[J], 15.029[J]
对象与 5.81[J] 、 15.029[J] 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Fall; second half of term)
2025-2026 学年：U （秋季;下半学期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

See description under subject 5.811[J].
请参阅 主题 5.811[J] 下的描述 。

J. Deutch J. 多伊奇

**15.032[J] Engineering, Economics and Regulation of the Electric Power Sector

15.032[J] 电力行业的工程、经济和监管**

Same subject as IDS.505[J]
与 Subject 相同 IDS.505[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject IDS.505[J]. Permission of instructor required for undergraduates wishing to take the class.
请参阅 主题 IDS.505[J] 下的描述 。希望参加该课程的本科生需要教师的许可。

C. Batlle-Lopez, T. Schittekatte
C. 巴特勒-洛佩兹，T. Schittekatte

**15.034 Econometrics for Managers: Correlation & Causality in a Big Data World

15.034 管理者的计量经济学：大数据世界中的相关性和因果关系**

Subject meets with 15.0341
对象会见 15.0341
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Introduces econometrics as a framework to go beyond correlations and get to causality, which is crucial for investment decisions in finance, marketing, human resources, public policy, and general business strategy. Through labs and projects, students get experience in many relevant applications.  Students gain a deeper understanding of modeling using multivariate regression, instrumental-variable regression, and machine learning tools including regression trees, random forest, LASSO, and neural networks. No prior knowledge is necessary. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
介绍计量经济学作为一个框架，以超越相关性并达到因果关系，这对于金融、营销、人力资源、公共政策和一般商业战略的投资决策至关重要。通过实验室和项目，学生可以获得许多相关应用程序的经验。学生可以更深入地了解使用多元回归、工具变量回归和机器学习工具（包括回归树、随机森林、LASSO 和神经网络）进行建模。不需要任何先验知识。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Doyle

**15.0341 Econometrics for Managers: Correlation and Causality in a Big Data World

15.0341 管理者的计量经济学：大数据世界中的相关性和因果关系**

Subject meets with 15.034
对象会见 15.034
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Spring)
学术 2025-2026 年：U （春季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Introduces econometrics as a framework to go beyond correlations and get to causality, which is crucial for investment decisions in finance, marketing, human resources, public policy, and general business strategy. Through labs and projects, students get experience in many relevant applications.  Students gain a deeper understanding of modeling using multivariate regression, instrumental-variable regression, and machine learning tools including regression trees, random forest, LASSO, and neural networks. No prior knowledge is necessary. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
介绍计量经济学作为一个框架，以超越相关性并达到因果关系，这对于金融、营销、人力资源、公共政策和一般商业战略的投资决策至关重要。通过实验室和项目，学生可以获得许多相关应用程序的经验。学生可以更深入地了解使用多元回归、工具变量回归和机器学习工具（包括回归树、随机森林、LASSO 和神经网络）进行建模。不需要任何先验知识。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Doyle

**15.036[J] Dimensions of Geoengineering

15.036[J] 地球工程的维度**

Same subject as 1.850[J], 5.000[J], 10.600[J], 11.388[J], 12.884[J], 16.645[J]
与 1.850[J] 、 、 5.000[J] 10.600[J] 、 11.388[J] 、 12.884[J] 16.645[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

See description under subject 5.000[J]. Limited to 100.
请参阅 主题 5.000[J] 下的描述 。限制为 100 个。

J. Deutch, M. Zuber J. Deutch， M. Zuber

**15.037[J] Energy Economics and Policy

15.037[J] 能源经济与政策**

Same subject as 14.44[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.44[J]
Prereq: 14.01 or 15.0111
Prereq： 14.01 或 15.0111
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Spring)
学术 2025-2026 年：U （春季）
4-0-8 units. HASS-S 4-0-8 单位。HASS-S 系列
Credit cannot also be received for 14.444[J], 15.038[J]
也无法接收 14.444[J] 的积分 。 15.038[J]

See description under subject 14.44[J]. Limited to 60.
请参阅 主题 14.44[J] 下的描述 。限制为 60 个。

C. Knittel C. 针织

**15.038[J] Energy Economics and Policy

15.038[J] 能源经济学与政策**

Same subject as 14.444[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.444[J]
Prereq: 14.01 or 15.0111
Prereq： 14.01 或 15.0111
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 14.44[J], 15.037[J]
也无法接收 14.44[J] 的积分 。 15.037[J]

See description under subject 14.444[J]. Limited to 60.
请参阅 主题 14.444[J] 下的描述 。限制为 60 个。

C. Knittel C. 针织

**15.039[J] Organizational Economics

15.039[J] 组织经济学**

Same subject as 14.26[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.26[J]
Subject meets with 14.260
对象会见 14.260
Prereq: 14.01 先决条件： 14.01
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Spring)
学术 2025-2026 年：U （春季）
4-0-8 units. HASS-S 4-0-8 单位。HASS-S 系列

See description under subject 14.26[J]. Limited to 60.
请参阅 主题 14.26[J] 下的描述 。限制为 60 个。

C. Angelucci C. 安杰鲁奇

Operations Research/Statistics

运筹学/统计

**15.053 Optimization Methods in Business Analytics

15.053 商业分析中的优化方法**

Prereq: 1.00, 1.000, 6.100A, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 1.00 ， 1.000 ， 6.100A ， 或 教师权限
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
4-0-8 units. REST 4-0-8 单位。休息

Introduces optimization methods with a focus on modeling, solution techniques, and analysis. Covers linear programming, network optimization, integer programming, nonlinear programming, and heuristics. Applications to logistics, manufacturing, statistics, machine learning, transportation, game theory, marketing, project management, and finance. Includes a project in which student teams select and solve an optimization problem (possibly a large-scale problem) of practical interest.
介绍优化方法，重点介绍建模、求解技术和分析。涵盖线性规划、网络优化、整数规划、非线性规划和启发式。应用于物流、制造、统计、机器学习、运输、博弈论、市场营销、项目管理和财务。包括一个项目，学生团队在该项目中选择并解决具有实际兴趣的优化问题（可能是一个大规模问题）。

J. Orlin J. 奥林

**15.054[J] The Airline Industry

15.054[J] 航空业**

Same subject as 1.232[J], 16.71[J]
与 1.232[J] 相同的主题 ， 16.71[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject 16.71[J].
请参阅 主题 16.71[J] 下的描述 。

P. P. Belobaba, H. Balakrishnan, A. I. Barnett, R. J. Hansman, T. A. Kochan
P. P. Belobaba， H. Balakrishnan， AI Barnett， RJ Hansman， TA Kochan

**15.060 Data, Models, and Decisions

15.060 数据、模型和决策**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Summer) G （秋季、夏季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.730
也无法获得 15.730

Introduces students to the basic tools in using data to make informed management decisions. Covers basic topics in data analytics, including introductory probability, decision analysis, basic statistics, regression, simulation, linear and discrete optimization, and introductory machine learning. Spreadsheet exercises, cases, and examples drawn from marketing, finance, operations management, and other management functions. Restricted to first-year Sloan master's students.
向学生介绍使用数据做出明智管理决策的基本工具。涵盖数据分析的基本主题，包括入门概率、决策分析、基本统计、回归、模拟、线性和离散优化以及入门机器学习。来自市场营销、财务、运营管理和其他管理职能部门的电子表格练习、案例和示例。仅限斯隆硕士一年级学生。

D. Gamarnik D. 加马尔尼克

**15.062[J] Data Mining: Finding the Models and Predictions that Create Value

15.062[J] 数据挖掘：寻找创造价值的模型和预测**

Same subject as IDS.145[J]
与 Subject 相同 IDS.145[J]
Subject meets with 15.0621
对象会见 15.0621
Prereq: 15.060, 15.075[J], or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.060 ， 15.075[J] ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Introduction to data mining, data science, and machine learning for recognizing patterns, developing models and predictive analytics, and making intelligent use of massive amounts of data collected via the internet, e-commerce, electronic banking, medical databases, etc. Topics include logistic regression, association rules, tree-structured classification and regression, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and neural network methods. Presents examples of successful applications in credit ratings, fraud detection, marketing, customer relationship management, investments, and synthetic clinical trials. Introduces data-mining software (R and Python). Grading based on homework, cases, and a term project. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking the undergraduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
数据挖掘、数据科学和机器学习简介，用于识别模式、开发模型和预测分析，以及智能利用通过互联网、电子商务、电子银行、医疗数据库等收集的大量数据。主题包括 Logistic 回归、关联规则、树状结构分类和回归、聚类分析、判别分析和神经网络方法。介绍信用评级、欺诈检测、营销、客户关系管理、投资和合成临床试验方面的成功应用示例。介绍数据挖掘软件（R 和 Python）。根据家庭作业、案例和学期项目进行评分。参加本科版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

R. E. Welsch R. E. 韦尔施

**15.0621 Data Mining: Finding the Models and Predictions that Create Value

15.0621 数据挖掘：查找创造价值的模型和预测**

Subject meets with 15.062[J], IDS.145[J]
对象与 15.062[J] 、 IDS.145[J] 会面
Prereq: 15.075[J] or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.075[J] 或教师许可
U (Spring; second half of term)
U （春季;学期下半期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Introduction to data mining, data science, and machine learning for recognizing patterns, developing models and predictive analytics, and making intelligent use of massive amounts of data collected via the internet, e-commerce, electronic banking, medical databases, etc. Topics include logistic regression, association rules, tree-structured classification and regression, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and neural network methods. Presents examples of successful applications in credit ratings, fraud detection, marketing, customer relationship management, investments, and synthetic clinical trials. Introduces data-mining software (R and Python). Grading based on homework, cases, and a term project. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking the graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
数据挖掘、数据科学和机器学习简介，用于识别模式、开发模型和预测分析，以及智能利用通过互联网、电子商务、电子银行、医疗数据库等收集的大量数据。主题包括 Logistic 回归、关联规则、树状结构分类和回归、聚类分析、判别分析和神经网络方法。介绍信用评级、欺诈检测、营销、客户关系管理、投资和合成临床试验方面的成功应用示例。介绍数据挖掘软件（R 和 Python）。根据家庭作业、案例和学期项目进行评分。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

R. E. Welsch R. E. 韦尔施

**15.066[J] System Optimization and Analysis for Operations

15.066[J] 运营系统优化与分析**

Same subject as 2.851[J]
与 Subject 相同 2.851[J]
Prereq: Calculus II (GIR)
先决条件： 微积分 II （GIR）
G (Summer) G （夏季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Introduction to mathematical modeling, optimization, and simulation, as applied to manufacturing and operations. Specific methods include linear programming, network flow problems, integer and nonlinear programming, discrete-event simulation, heuristics and computer applications for manufacturing processes, operations and systems. Restricted to Leaders for Global Operations students.
介绍应用于制造和运营的数学建模、优化和仿真。具体方法包括线性规划、网络流问题、整数和非线性规划、离散事件仿真、启发式方法以及用于制造流程、操作和系统的计算机应用程序。仅限全球运营领导者学生。

Staff 员工

**15.068 Statistical Consulting

15.068 统计咨询**

Prereq: 15.060 先决条件： 15.060
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Addresses statistical issues as a consultant would face them: deciphering the client's question; finding appropriate data; performing a viable analysis; and presenting the results in compelling ways. Real-life cases and examples.
解决顾问面临的统计问题：破译客户的问题;寻找适当的数据;进行可行的分析;并以引人注目的方式呈现结果。现实生活中的案例和例子。

A. I. Barnett A. I. 巴内特

**15.069 Applied Probability and Statistics

15.069 应用概率与统计**

Prereq: Calculus I (GIR)
先决条件： 微积分 I （GIR）
U (Fall) U （秋季）
4-0-8 units. REST 4-0-8 单位。休息

Presents probability from the perspective of applied mathematics, with strong emphasis on an intuitive overview of key theorems and continuing demonstrations of their usefulness. Covers the laws of probability and numerous important discrete and continuous random variables, both individually and in combination. Introduces simulation. Offers an introduction to statistics that emphasizes its probabilistic foundations and the fact that statistical reasoning is applied common sense. Covers hypothesis testing, statistical sampling, and various forms of regression analysis. Draws applications from economics, finance, engineering, marketing, public policy, operations management, and operations research.
从应用数学的角度介绍概率，非常强调关键定理的直观概述和对其有用性的不断证明。涵盖概率定律和许多重要的离散和连续随机变量，包括单独和组合。介绍模拟。提供对统计的介绍，强调其概率基础以及统计推理是应用常识的事实。涵盖假设检验、统计抽样和各种形式的回归分析。从经济学、金融学、工程学、市场营销、公共政策、运营管理和运筹学中提取应用程序。

A. Barnett A. 巴内特

**15.070[J] Discrete Probability and Stochastic Processes

15.070[J] 离散概率和随机过程**

Same subject as 6.7720[J], 18.619[J]
与 6.7720[J] 相同的主题 ， 18.619[J]
Prereq: 6.3702, 6.7700[J], 18.100A, 18.100B, or 18.100Q
先决条件： 6.3702 ， ， 6.7700[J] ， 18.100A 18.100B ， 或 18.100Q
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Provides an introduction to tools used for probabilistic reasoning in the context of discrete systems and processes. Tools such as the probabilistic method, first and second moment method, martingales, concentration and correlation inequalities, theory of random graphs, weak convergence, random walks and Brownian motion, branching processes, Markov chains, Markov random fields, correlation decay method, isoperimetry, coupling, influences and other basic tools of modern research in probability will be presented. Algorithmic aspects and connections to statistics and machine learning will be emphasized.
介绍在离散系统和过程的上下文中用于概率推理的工具。将介绍概率法、第一和第二矩法、马丁格尔、集中和相关性不等式、随机图理论、弱收敛、随机游走和布朗运动、分支过程、马尔可夫链、马尔可夫随机场、相关衰减法、等缘长法、耦合、影响和其他现代概率研究的基本工具。将强调算法方面以及与统计和机器学习的联系。

G. Bresler, D. Gamarnik, E. Mossel, Y. Polyanskiy
G. Bresler， D. Gamarnik， E. Mossel， Y. Polyanskiy

**15.071 The Analytics Edge

15.071 分析边缘**

Prereq: 15.060 先决条件： 15.060
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.0711, 15.072
也无法接收 15.0711 的积分 。 15.072

Develops models and tools of data analytics that are used to transform businesses and industries, using examples and case studies in e-commerce, healthcare, social media, high technology, criminal justice, the internet, and beyond. Covers analytics methods such as linear regression, logistic regression, classification trees, random forests, neural networks, text analytics, social network analysis, time series modeling, clustering, and optimization. Uses mostly R programming language and some work in Jupyter notebooks. Includes team project. Meets with 15.0711 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
使用电子商务、医疗保健、社交媒体、高科技、刑事司法、互联网等领域的示例和案例研究，开发用于改变企业和行业的数据分析模型和工具。涵盖分析方法，例如线性回归、逻辑回归、分类树、随机森林、神经网络、文本分析、社交网络分析、时间序列建模、聚类和优化。主要使用 R 编程语言，一些在 Jupyter 笔记本中工作。包括 Team Projects。同时提供时会面 15.0711 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

R. Freund R. 弗洛伊德

**15.0711 The Analytics Edge

15.0711 分析边缘**

Prereq: 15.053 and 15.069
Prereq： 15.053 和 15.069
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.071, 15.072
也无法接收 15.071 的积分 。 15.072

Develops models and tools of data analytics that are used to transform businesses and industries, using examples and case studies in e-commerce, healthcare, social media, high technology, criminal justice, the internet, and beyond. Covers analytics methods such as linear regression, logistic regression, classification trees, random forests, neural networks, text analytics, social network analysis, time series modeling, clustering, and optimization. Uses mostly R programming language and some work in Jupyter notebooks. Includes team project. Meets with 15.071 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
使用电子商务、医疗保健、社交媒体、高科技、刑事司法、互联网等领域的示例和案例研究，开发用于改变企业和行业的数据分析模型和工具。涵盖分析方法，例如线性回归、逻辑回归、分类树、随机森林、神经网络、文本分析、社交网络分析、时间序列建模、聚类和优化。主要使用 R 编程语言，一些在 Jupyter 笔记本中工作。包括 Team Projects。同时提供时会面 15.071 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

R. Freund R. 弗洛伊德

**15.072 Advanced Analytics Edge

15.072 高级分析优势**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.071, 15.0711
也无法接收 15.071 的积分 。 15.0711

More advanced version of 15.071 introduces core methods of business analytics, their algorithmic implementations and their applications to various domains of management and public policy. Spans descriptive analytics (e.g., clustering, dimensionality reduction), predictive analytics (e.g., linear/logistic regression, classification and regression trees, random forests, boosting deep learning) and prescriptive analytics (e.g., optimization). Presents analytics algorithms, and their implementations in data science. Includes case studies in e-commerce, transportation, energy, healthcare, social media, sports, the internet, and beyond. Uses the R and Julia programming languages. Includes team projects. Preference to Sloan Master of Business Analytics students.
更高级的 15.071 版本介绍了商业分析的核心方法、它们的算法实现以及它们在管理和公共政策的各个领域的应用。涵盖描述性分析（例如，聚类、降维）、预测分析（例如，线性/逻辑回归、分类和回归树、随机森林、促进深度学习）和规范性分析（例如，优化）。介绍分析算法及其在数据科学中的实现。包括电子商务、运输、能源、医疗保健、社交媒体、体育、互联网等领域的案例研究。使用 R 和 Julia 编程语言。包括 Team Projects。优先考虑斯隆商业分析硕士学生。

B. Van Parys B. 范帕里斯

**15.073[J] Applied Probability and Stochastic Models

15.073[J] 应用概率模型与随机模型**

Same subject as 1.203[J], IDS.700[J]
与 1.203[J] 相同的主题 ， IDS.700[J]
Prereq: 6.3700 or 18.600
Prereq： 6.3700 或 18.600
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

A vigorous use of probabilistic models to approximate real-life situations in Finance, Operations Management, Economics, and Operations Research. Emphasis on how to develop a suitable probabilistic model in a given setting and, merging probability with statistics, and on how to validate a proposed model against empirical evidence. Extensive treatment of Monte Carlo simulation for modeling random processes when analytic solutions are unattainable.
在财务、运营管理、经济学和运筹学中大力使用概率模型来近似现实生活情况。强调如何在给定的环境中开发合适的概率模型，将概率与统计相结合，以及如何根据经验证据验证拟议的模型。对 Monte Carlo 模拟进行广泛处理，用于在无法获得解析解时对随机过程进行建模。

A. Barnett A. 巴内特

**15.075[J] Statistical Thinking and Data Analysis

15.075[J] 统计思维与数据分析**

Same subject as IDS.013[J]
与 Subject 相同 IDS.013[J]
Prereq: 6.3700 or 15.069
Prereq： 6.3700 或 15.069
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Spring)
学术 2025-2026 年：U （春季）
3-1-8 units. Institute LAB
3-1-8 单位。研究所实验室

Introduces a rigorous treatment of statistical data analysis while helping students develop a strong intuition for the strengths and limitations of various methods. Topics include statistical sampling and uncertainty, estimation, hypothesis testing, linear regression, classification, analysis of variation, and elements of data mining. Involves empirical use of hypothesis testing and other statistical methodologies in several domains, including the assessment of A-B experiments on the web and the identification of genes correlated with diseases.
介绍对统计数据分析的严格处理，同时帮助学生对各种方法的优势和局限性形成强烈的直觉。主题包括统计抽样和不确定性、估计、假设检验、线性回归、分类、变异分析和数据挖掘元素。涉及在多个领域实证使用假设检验和其他统计方法，包括评估网络上的 A-B 实验和鉴定与疾病相关的基因。

M. Fazel Zarandi 法泽尔·扎兰迪

**15.076 Analytics for a Better World

15.076 分析创造更美好的世界**

Prereq: Calculus I (GIR)
先决条件： 微积分 I （GIR）
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
4-0-8 units. Institute LAB
4-0-8 单位。研究所实验室

Introduces predictive and prescriptive analytics methods to solve problems that contribute to the welfare of society. Emphasis on using machine learning and optimization methods in innovative ways using real world data. Methods used include: linear and discrete optimization, linear and logistic regression, optimal classification and regression trees, deep learning, random forests, and boosted trees. Projects utilize Julia, Jump, and Tensor Flow. Assessment based on projects, including a capstone project. Restricted to undergraduates.
介绍预测性和规范性分析方法，以解决有助于社会福利的问题。强调使用真实世界数据以创新方式使用机器学习和优化方法。使用的方法包括：线性和离散优化、线性和逻辑回归、最优分类和回归树、深度学习、随机森林和提升树。项目使用 Julia、Jump 和 Tensor Flow。基于项目的评估，包括顶点项目。仅限本科生。

D. Bertsimas D. 贝西马斯

**15.077[J] Statistical Machine Learning and Data Science

15.077[J] 统计机器学习和数据科学**

Same subject as IDS.147[J]
与 Subject 相同 IDS.147[J]
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Advanced introduction to theory and application of statistics, data-mining and machine learning using techniques from management science, marketing, finance, consulting, and bioinformatics. Covers bootstrap theory of estimation, testing, nonparametric statistics, analysis of variance, experimental design, categorical data analysis, regression analysis, MCMC, and Bayesian methods. Focuses on data mining, supervised learning, and multivariate analysis. Topics chosen from logistic regression, principal components and dimension reduction; discrimination and classification analysis, trees (CART), partial least squares, nearest neighbors, regularized methods, support vector machines, boosting and bagging, clustering, independent component analysis, and nonparametric regression. Uses statistics software R, Python, and MATLAB. Grading based on homework, cases, and a term project.
使用管理科学、市场营销、金融、咨询和生物信息学的技术，对统计、数据挖掘和机器学习的理论和应用进行高级介绍。涵盖估计的 bootstrap 理论、检验、非参数统计、方差分析、实验设计、分类数据分析、回归分析、MCMC 和贝叶斯方法。专注于数据挖掘、监督学习和多变量分析。从 logistic 回归、主成分和降维中选择的主题;判别和分类分析、树 （CART）、偏最小二乘法、最近邻、正则化方法、支持向量机、提升和装袋、聚类、独立成分分析和非参数回归。使用统计软件 R、Python 和 MATLAB。根据家庭作业、案例和学期项目进行评分。

R. E. Welsch R. E. 韦尔施

**15.081[J] Introduction to Mathematical Programming

15.081[J] 数学规划概论**

Same subject as 6.7210[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.7210[J]
Prereq: 18.06 先决条件： 18.06
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

See description under subject 6.7210[J].
请参阅 主题 6.7210[J] 下的描述 。

D. Bertsimas, P. Jaillet D. Bertsimas， P. Jaillet

**15.083 Integer Optimization

15.083 整数优化**

Prereq: 6.7210[J] or 15.093
先决条件： 6.7210[J] 或 15.093
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

In-depth treatment of mixed-integer optimization. Topics include modeling techniques, combinatorial optimization, ideal formulations, cutting plane methods, branching algorithms, row generation algorithms, column generation algorithms, heuristic algorithms, and mixed-integer non-linear optimization. Instruction provided in modeling complex problems arising in practice; understanding the theory of integer optimization; knowing the core technologies employed within modern solvers; and developing algorithms to solve large-scale problems for which off-the-shelf solvers may not be sufficient. Examples drawn from a broad range of industries, such as transportation, energy, telecommunications, finance, product design, sports, and social networks. Includes a term project.
深入处理混合整数优化。主题包括建模技术、组合优化、理想公式、切割平面方法、分支算法、行生成算法、列生成算法、启发式算法和混合整数非线性优化。提供对实践中出现的复杂问题进行建模的指导;了解整数优化理论;了解现代求解器中采用的核心技术;以及开发算法来解决现成的求解器可能不够用的大规模问题。示例来自广泛的行业，例如运输、能源、电信、金融、产品设计、体育和社交网络。包括术语 project。

A. Jacquillat

**15.084[J] Nonlinear Optimization

15.084[J] 非线性优化**

Same subject as 6.7220[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.7220[J]
Prereq: 18.06 and (18.100A, 18.100B, or 18.100Q)
前提条件： 18.06 和 （ 18.100A 、 18.100B 或 18.100Q ）
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

See description under subject 6.7220[J].
请参阅 主题 6.7220[J] 下的描述 。

R. M. Freund, P. Parrilo, G. Perakis

**15.085[J] Fundamentals of Probability

15.085[J] 概率基本原理**

Same subject as 6.7700[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.7700[J]
Prereq: Calculus II (GIR)
先决条件： 微积分 II （GIR）
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

See description under subject 6.7700[J].
请参阅 主题 6.7700[J] 下的描述 。

T. Broderick, D. Gamarnik, Y. Polyanskiy
T. 布罗德里克、D. 加马尔尼克、Y. 波利安斯基

**15.086 Engineering Probability

15.086 工程概率**

Prereq: Calculus I (GIR) and permission of instructor
先决条件：微积分 I （GIR） 和教师许可
G (Summer; first half of term)
G （夏季;学期上半学期）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Introduction to applied probability. Makes real-life problems central to the pedagogy and aims for an intuitive understanding of probability as well as mastery of key probabilistic concepts and methods. Preference to first-year Leaders for Global Operations students.
应用概率简介。将现实生活中的问题作为教学法的核心，旨在直观地理解概率以及掌握关键的概率概念和方法。优先考虑全球运营学生的一年级领导者。

A. Barnett A. 巴内特

**15.087 Engineering Statistics and Data Science

15.087 工程统计与数据科学**

Prereq: Calculus II (GIR), 15.086, 18.06, and permission of instructor
先决条件：微积分 II （GIR）、 15.086 、 18.06 和教师许可
G (Summer) G （夏季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Develops ideas for making principled decisions and recommendations based on data, providing an introduction to statistical inference and statistical learning. Covers data displays and summary statistics for quantitative and qualitative data, the law of large numbers for means and empirical distributions, the normal distribution and the central limit theorem, confidence intervals, statistical hypothesis tests for the population mean and differences between population means, simple and multiple regression with quantitative data, model selection, the bias-variance tradeoff, logistic regression for binary outcomes, CART, random forests, gradient boosting, and deep learning. The statistical programming language R is used for in-class demonstrations and for out-of-class assignments. Preference to first-year Leaders for Global Operations students. No required textbook.
提出根据数据做出有原则的决策和建议的想法，介绍统计推断和统计学习。涵盖定量和定性数据的数据显示和汇总统计、均值和经验分布的大数定律、正态分布和中心极限定理、置信区间、总体均值和总体均值之间差异的统计假设检验、定量数据的简单回归和多元回归、模型选择、偏差-方差权衡、二元结果的 Logistic 回归、 CART、随机森林、梯度提升和深度学习。统计编程语言 R 用于课堂演示和课外作业。优先考虑全球运营学生的一年级领导者。不需要教科书。

R. Mazumder R. 马祖德

**15.089 Analytics Capstone

15.089 分析顶点**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP, Spring, Summer) G（IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Practical application of business analytics problems within a real company. Teams of 1-2 students, matched with company projects, visit companies to define project and scope. In class, students refine and improve on projects and devise methods for solving problems for their select companies. Mentors are assigned to each team. The culmination of the program is summer, on-site, practical training. Restricted to Master of Business Analytics students.
商业分析问题在真实公司中的实际应用。由 1-2 名学生组成的团队，与公司项目相匹配，访问公司以确定项目和范围。在课堂上，学生们完善和改进项目，并为他们选择的公司设计解决问题的方法。为每个团队分配导师。该计划的高潮是夏季现场实践培训。仅限商业分析硕士学生。

M. Li, J. Levine 李明， J. 莱文

**15.090 Common Experience in Operations Research

15.090 运筹学的常见经验**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]

Provides students with experience working in teams on a data-driven ML project. After a week of classes that cover a range of tools (Keras, Google Collab, etc.) and deep learning technologies, students compete in teams in a jointly chosen Kaggle competition. Short homework assignments help students get acquainted with the required technologies, and regular presentations foster interactions within the ORC cohort. Restricted to Operations Research Center doctoral students.
为学生提供在团队中处理数据驱动型 ML 项目的经验。在为期一周的课程涵盖一系列工具（Keras、Google Collab 等）和深度学习技术之后，学生们以团队形式参加共同选择的 Kaggle 比赛。简短的家庭作业有助于学生熟悉所需的技术，定期演示可促进 ORC 队列内部的互动。仅限运筹学中心的博士生。

A. Jacquillat, D. Freund A. Jacquillat， D. Freund

**15.094[J] Robust Modeling, Optimization, and Computation

15.094[J] 稳健建模、优化和计算**

Same subject as 1.142[J]
与 Subject 相同 1.142[J]
Prereq: 18.06 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 18.06 或教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Introduces modern robust optimization, including theory, applications, and computation. Presents formulations and their connection to probability, information and risk theory for conic optimization (linear, second-order, and semidefinite cones) and integer optimization. Application domains include analysis and optimization of stochastic networks, optimal mechanism design, network information theory, transportation, pattern classification, structural and engineering design, and financial engineering. Students formulate and solve a problem aligned with their interests in a final project.
介绍现代稳健优化，包括理论、应用程序和计算。介绍公式及其与圆锥优化（线性、二阶和半定圆锥）和整数优化的概率、信息和风险理论的联系。应用领域包括随机网络的分析和优化、最佳机制设计、网络信息论、运输、模式分类、结构和工程设计以及金融工程。学生在最终项目中制定并解决符合他们兴趣的问题。

D. Bertsimas D. 贝西马斯

**15.095 Machine Learning Under a Modern Optimization Lens

15.095 现代优化视角下的机器学习**

Prereq: 6.7210[J], 15.093, or permission of instructor
先决条件： 6.7210[J] ， 15.093，或教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-1-8 units 3-1-8 单位

Develops algorithms for central problems in machine learning from a modern optimization perspective. Topics include sparse, convex, robust and median regression; an algorithmic framework for regression; optimal classification and regression trees, and their relationship with neural networks; how to transform predictive algorithms to prescriptive algorithms; optimal prescriptive trees; and robust classification.  Also covers design of experiments, missing data imputations, mixture of Gaussian models, exact bootstrap, and sparse matrix estimation, including principal component analysis, factor analysis, inverse co-variance matrix estimation, and matrix completion.
从现代优化的角度为机器学习中的核心问题开发算法。主题包括稀疏回归、凸回归、稳健回归和中位数回归;回归的算法框架;最优分类和回归树，以及它们与神经网络的关系;如何将预测算法转换为规范性算法;最优规定树;和稳健的分类。还包括实验设计、缺失数据插补、高斯模型混合、精确自举和稀疏矩阵估计，包括主成分分析、因子分析、逆协方差矩阵估计和矩阵完成。

D. Bertsimas D. 贝西马斯

**15.097 Seminar in Statistics and Data Analysis

15.097 统计与数据分析研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列

Group study of current topics related to statistics and data analysis.
与统计和数据分析相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Staff 员工

**15.098 Seminar in Applied Probability and Stochastic Processes

15.098 应用概率和随机过程研讨会**

Prereq: 6.3702 先决条件： 6.3702
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Doctoral student seminar covering current topics in applied probability and stochastic processes.
博士生研讨会，涵盖应用概率和随机过程的当前主题。

D. Gamarnik, D. Shah D. Gamarnik， D. 沙阿

**15.099 Seminar in Operations Research

15.099 运筹学研讨会**

Prereq: 6.7210[J] 先决条件： 6.7210[J]
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Doctoral student seminar covering current topics related to operations research.
博士生研讨会，涵盖与运筹学相关的当前主题。

D. Bertsimas, R. Freund, J. Orlin, G. Perakis
D. Bertsimas， R. Freund， J. Orlin， G. Perakis

**15.110 Operations Research Experience Internship

15.110 运筹学经验实习**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]

Required subject in which students engage in an off-campus internship where they build operations research models and work with data that addresses a real-world problem. Internship experience must be at least ten weeks in length and students must have a formal offer letter from their employer or organization. Requirements include a report summarizing how OR models and methods were used by the student participating in the internship and a letter from the internship advisor. Report must be submitted to the ORC academic administrator upon completion of the internship. Restricted to ORC students. Additional restrictions may apply.
学生参与校外实习的必修科目，在那里他们构建运筹学模型并使用解决实际问题的数据。实习经历必须至少为十周，学生必须持有雇主或组织的正式录取通知书。要求包括一份报告，总结参与实习的学生如何使用 OR 模型和方法，以及实习顾问的一封信。实习结束后，必须将报告提交给 ORC 学术管理员。仅限 ORC 学生。可能适用其他限制条件。

Consult L. Rose 咨询 L. Rose

Health Care Management 医疗保健管理

**15.128[J] Revolutionary Ventures: How to Invent and Deploy Transformative Technologies

15.128[J] 革命性的冒险：如何发明和部署变革性技术**

Same subject as 9.455[J], 20.454[J], MAS.883[J]
与 9.455[J] 、 20.454[J] MAS.883[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
2-0-7 units 2-0-7 单位

See description under subject MAS.883[J].
请参阅 主题 MAS.883[J] 下的描述 。

E. Boyden, J. Bonsen, J. Jacobson
E. 博伊登、J. 邦森、J. 雅各布森

**15.136[J] Principles and Practice of Drug Development

15.136[J] 药物开发原则与实践**

Same subject as 10.547[J], HST.920[J], IDS.620[J]
与 10.547[J] 、 HST.920[J] IDS.620[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Description and critical assessment of the major issues and stages of developing a pharmaceutical or biopharmaceutical. Drug discovery, preclinical development, clinical investigation, manufacturing and regulatory issues considered for small and large molecules. Economic and financial considerations of the drug development process. Multidisciplinary perspective from faculty in clinical; life; and management sciences; as well as industry guests.
对开发药物或生物制药的主要问题和阶段的描述和批判性评估。考虑小分子和大分子的药物发现、临床前开发、临床研究、生产和监管问题。药物开发过程的经济和财务考虑。来自临床教师的多学科视角;生命;和管理科学;以及行业嘉宾。

S. Finkelstein, A. J. Sinskey, R. Rubin
S. Finkelstein、AJ Sinskey、R. Rubin

**15.137[J] Case Studies and Strategies in Drug Discovery and Development

15.137[J] 药物发现和开发的案例研究和策略**

Same subject as 7.549[J], 20.486[J], HST.916[J]
与 7.549[J] 、 20.486[J] HST.916[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

See description under subject 20.486[J].
请参阅 主题 20.486[J] 下的描述 。

A. W. Wood A. W. 伍德

**15.141[J] Economics of Health Care Industries

15.141[J] 医疗保健行业的经济学**

Same subject as HST.918[J]
与 Subject 相同 HST.918[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.1411
也无法获得 15.1411

Uses economics as a framework to consider healthcare issues, including differences between health care and other industries, the role of health insurance, regulatory issues and incentives for innovation, data analytics to measure value, personalized/stratified medicines, strategic issues in pricing and marketing, use of e-commerce and information technology, and formation and management of various alliances. Provides a better understanding of the US healthcare landscape, and considers incentives for global health investments. Visiting speakers from industry and academia provide multiple expert viewpoints on these topics. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking the graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
使用经济学作为框架来考虑医疗保健问题，包括医疗保健与其他行业之间的差异、健康保险的作用、监管问题和创新激励措施、用于衡量价值的数据分析、个性化/分层药物、定价和营销中的战略问题、电子商务和信息技术的使用，以及各种联盟的形成和管理。更好地了解美国的医疗保健状况，并考虑全球健康投资的激励措施。来自工业界和学术界的客座演讲者就这些主题提供了多个专家观点。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Doyle

**15.1411 Economics of Health Care Industries

15.1411 医疗保健行业的经济学**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring; first half of term)
U （春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.141[J], HST.918[J]
也无法接收 15.141[J] 的积分 。 HST.918[J]

Uses economics as a framework to consider healthcare issues, including differences between health care and other industries, the role of health insurance, regulatory issues and incentives for innovation, data analytics to measure value, personalized/stratified medicines, strategic issues in pricing and marketing, use of e-commerce and information technology, and formation and management of various alliances. Provides a better understanding of the US healthcare landscape, and considers incentives for global health investments. Visiting speakers from industry and academia provide multiple expert viewpoints on these topics. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking the undergraduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
使用经济学作为框架来考虑医疗保健问题，包括医疗保健与其他行业之间的差异、健康保险的作用、监管问题和创新激励措施、用于衡量价值的数据分析、个性化/分层药物、定价和营销中的战略问题、电子商务和信息技术的使用，以及各种联盟的形成和管理。更好地了解美国的医疗保健状况，并考虑全球健康投资的激励措施。来自工业界和学术界的客座演讲者就这些主题提供了多个专家观点。参加本科版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Doyle

Global Economics & Management

全球经济与管理

**15.216 Central Banks, Monetary Policy and Global Financial Markets

15.216 中央银行、货币政策和全球金融市场**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores the role of central banks and monetary policy in the global economy and the effects of their policies on countries, companies and global financial markets. Reviews the decision-making process and policy implementation, and provides conceptual tools for analyzing and predicting central bank decisions and assessing their likely impact. Covers monetary policy, bank regulation and crisis management, drawing on the experience of the Federal Reserve, the ECB and other central banks in advanced and emerging market economies.
探讨中央银行和货币政策在全球经济中的作用，以及其政策对国家、公司和全球金融市场的影响。回顾决策过程和政策实施，并提供用于分析和预测中央银行决策并评估其可能影响的概念工具。涵盖货币政策、银行监管和危机管理，借鉴了美联储、欧洲央行以及发达和新兴市场经济体的其他中央银行的经验。

A. Orphanides A. 孤儿药

**15.218 Global Economic Challenges and Opportunities

15.218 全球经济挑战和机遇**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

In-depth analysis of the major risks and opportunities in the global economy. Analyzes key economic forces and policy responses that shape the business environment and link countries around the world, such as financial crises, monetary and fiscal policy, trade wars, unsustainable debt, exchange rates, and financial contagion. Discusses current global economic issues to develop the tools and frameworks to be able to predict and plan for how governments will respond to different challenges in the future. Some background or coursework in international economics recommended. Preference given to MIT Sloan students.
深入分析全球经济中的主要风险和机遇。分析塑造商业环境并将世界各国联系在一起的关键经济力量和政策应对措施，例如金融危机、货币和财政政策、贸易战、不可持续的债务、汇率和金融传染。讨论当前的全球经济问题，以开发工具和框架，以便能够预测和规划政府将如何应对未来的不同挑战。推荐一些国际经济学背景或课程。优先考虑麻省理工学院斯隆分校的学生。

K. Forbes K. 福布斯

**15.219[J] Global Energy: Politics, Markets, and Policy

15.219[J] 全球能源：政治、市场和政策**

Same subject as 11.267[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.267[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 11.167[J], 14.47[J], 15.2191[J], 17.399[J]
也无法接收 11.167[J] 、 14.47[J] 15.2191[J] 17.399[J] 的积分

Focuses on the ways economics and politics influence the fate of energy technologies, business models, and policies around the world. Extends fundamental concepts in the social sciences to case studies and simulations that illustrate how corporate, government, and individual decisions shape energy and environmental outcomes. In a final project, students apply the concepts in order to assess the prospects for an energy innovation to scale and advance sustainability goals in a particular regional market. Recommended prerequisite: 14.01. Meets with 15.2191[J] when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
重点介绍经济和政治如何影响全球能源技术、商业模式和政策的命运。将社会科学中的基本概念扩展到案例研究和模拟，以说明公司、政府和个人决策如何影响能源和环境结果。在最终项目中，学生应用这些概念来评估能源创新的前景，以在特定区域市场中扩大和推进可持续发展目标。建议的先决条件： 14.01 。同时提供时会面 15.2191[J] 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

Staff 员工

**15.2191[J] Global Energy: Politics, Markets, and Policy

15.2191[J] 全球能源：政治、市场和政策**

Same subject as 11.167[J], 14.47[J], 17.399[J]
与 11.167[J] 、 14.47[J] 17.399[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-9 units. HASS-S 3-0-9 个单位。HASS-S 系列
Credit cannot also be received for 11.267[J], 15.219[J]
也无法接收 11.267[J] 的积分 。 15.219[J]

Focuses on the ways economics and politics influence the fate of energy technologies, business models, and policies around the world. Extends fundamental concepts in the social sciences to case studies and simulations that illustrate how corporate, government, and individual decisions shape energy and environmental outcomes. In a final project, students apply the concepts in order to assess the prospects for an energy innovation to scale and advance sustainability goals in a particular regional market. Recommended prerequisite: 14.01. Meets with 15.219[J] when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. Preference to juniors, seniors, and Energy Minors.
重点介绍经济和政治如何影响全球能源技术、商业模式和政策的命运。将社会科学中的基本概念扩展到案例研究和模拟，以说明公司、政府和个人决策如何影响能源和环境结果。在最终项目中，学生应用这些概念来评估能源创新的前景，以在特定区域市场中扩大和推进可持续发展目标。建议的先决条件： 14.01 。同时提供时会面 15.219[J] 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。优先考虑初级、高级和能源未成年人。

Staff 员工

**15.223 Global Markets, National Policies and the Competitive Advantages of Firms

15.223 全球市场、国家政策和公司的竞争优势**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Examines opportunities and risks firms face in today's global market. Provides conceptual tools for analyzing how governments and social institutions influence economic competition among firms embedded in different national settings. Public policies and institutions that shape competitive outcomes are examined through cases and analytical readings on different companies and industries operating in both developed and emerging markets.
研究企业在当今全球市场中面临的机遇和风险。提供概念工具，用于分析政府和社会机构如何影响嵌入不同国家背景下的公司之间的经济竞争。通过对在发达市场和新兴市场运营的不同公司和行业的案例和分析阅读，研究影响竞争结果的公共政策和机构。

S. Johnson S. 约翰逊

**15.225 Modern Business in China: China Lab

15.225 中国现代商业：中国实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Provides integrated approach to analyze the economy, geopolitics, and geo-economy of China through action learning. Covers modern history, economics, and politics in China that shape the business environment, cases of companies entering or operating in the Chinese market, and project-related issues and personal and learning reflections. Students work in teams to tackle a real world problems and challenges facing organizations in China. Projects focus on dynamic sectors such as artificial intelligence, the sharing economy, social media, health care, energy, and manufacturing. Examples of projects include creating a business plan for fundraising, developing a new market strategy, and assembling financial models. Subject to availability, some projects may explore policy issues. Limited to graduate students who participate in China Lab.
提供通过行动学习分析中国经济、地缘政治和地缘经济的综合方法。涵盖塑造商业环境的中国现代历史、经济和政治，公司进入中国市场或在中国市场运营的案例，以及与项目相关的问题以及个人和学习反思。学生以团队形式工作，以解决中国组织面临的实际问题和挑战。项目侧重于人工智能、共享经济、社交媒体、医疗保健、能源和制造业等充满活力的领域。项目示例包括创建筹款商业计划、制定新的市场战略和组装财务模型。根据可用性，某些项目可能会探讨政策问题。仅限参加 China Lab 的研究生。

Y. Huang, J. Grant Y. Huang， J. Grant

**15.226 Modern Business in Southeast Asia: ASEAN Lab

15.226 东南亚的现代商业：东盟实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Provides integrated approach to analyze the economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region — specifically Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia — through action learning. Covers modern history, economics, and politics in that region that shape the business environment, cases of companies operating in that region, and project-related issues and personal and learning reflections. Students work in teams to tackle a real world business problem with an entrepreneurial Indian ASEAN-based company and produce a final deliverable for the host company. Projects focus on dynamic sectors such as artificial intelligence, the sharing economy, social media, health care, energy, and manufacturing; examples include creating a business plan for fundraising, developing a new market strategy, and assembling financial models. Limited to graduate students who participate in ASEAN Lab.
提供综合方法，通过行动学习来分析东南亚国家联盟 （ASEAN） 地区（特别是泰国、越南、马来西亚和印度尼西亚）的经济。涵盖塑造商业环境的该地区的现代历史、经济和政治、在该地区运营的公司案例，以及与项目相关的问题以及个人和学习反思。学生以团队形式与一家位于东盟的创业公司一起解决现实世界的商业问题，并为主办公司制作最终的交付成果。项目侧重于人工智能、共享经济、社交媒体、医疗保健、能源和制造业等充满活力的行业;示例包括创建筹款商业计划、制定新的市场战略和组装财务模型。仅限参加 ASEAN Lab 的研究生。

Y. Huang, J. Grant Y. Huang， J. Grant

**15.227 - 15.229 Seminar in International Management

15.227 - 15.229 国际管理研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to international business.
与国际商务相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Staff 员工

**15.230 Public Policy and the Private Sector

15.230 公共政策与私营部门**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores the intersection of public policy and the private sector. Senior level guests, who have been deeply involved in public policy, will join this discussion-based course weekly focusing on key economic policy choices - touching on technology, trade, tax, financial, macro-economic and competitions policies. Provides a deep understanding of the process by which policy comes to life. Examines how the private sector affects - and sometimes shapes - public policy. Taught through the lens of US policy decision-making; also covers international dimensions.
探索公共政策与私营部门的交叉点。深入参与公共政策的高级嘉宾将参加这个每周一次的讨论课程，重点关注关键的经济政策选择——涉及技术、贸易、税收、金融、宏观经济和竞争政策。提供对策略生效过程的深刻理解。研究私营部门如何影响公共政策，有时还影响公共政策。通过美国政策决策的视角进行教学;也涵盖国际维度。

Staff 员工

**15.232 Breakthrough Ventures: Effective Business Models in Frontier Markets

15,232 家突破性企业：前沿市场的有效商业模式**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Examines how new approaches to operations, revenue, marketing, finance, and strategy enable improved social outcomes in resource-limited settings across Africa, Latin America, and Asia. Draws on system dynamics, design thinking, and strategic analysis. Explores success and failure in attempts to innovate and scale in product and service delivery. Analysis of novel business models draws on case studies, videos, industry reports, research, and guest speakers. Students present their assessments of innovative base-of-the-pyramid enterprises that aim to do more with less. Students who have not taken at least three management or business classes must apply to the instructor for permission to enroll before the first day of class.
研究运营、收入、营销、财务和战略的新方法如何在非洲、拉丁美洲和亚洲的资源有限环境中改善社会成果。利用系统动力学、设计思维和战略分析。探索在产品和服务交付方面进行创新和扩展的尝试的成功和失败。对新型商业模式的分析借鉴了案例研究、视频、行业报告、研究和演讲嘉宾。学生展示他们对旨在事半功倍的创新金字塔底层企业的评估。未参加过至少三门管理或商业课程的学生必须在上课第一天之前向教师申请注册许可。

A. Sastry A. 萨斯特里

**15.235 Blockchain and Money

15.235 区块链和货币**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Explores blockchain technology's potential use - by entrepreneurs and incumbents - to change the world of money and finance. Begins with a review of the technology's initial application, the cryptocurrency Bitcoin, giving students an understanding of the commercial, technical and public policy fundamentals of blockchain technology, distributed ledgers and smart contracts in both open-sourced and private applications. Focuses on current and potential blockchain applications in the financial sector. Includes reviews of potential use cases for payment systems, central banking, venture capital, secondary market trading, trade finance, commercial banking, post-trade possessing, and digital ID. Also explores the markets and regulatory landscape for cryptocurrencies, initial coin offerings, other tokens, and crypto derivatives. Open to undergraduates with permission of instructor.
探索区块链技术在企业家和现有企业中改变货币和金融世界的潜在用途。首先回顾该技术的初始应用，即加密货币比特币，让学生了解区块链技术、分布式账本和智能合约在开源和私有应用程序中的商业、技术和公共政策基础知识。专注于金融领域当前和潜在的区块链应用。包括对支付系统、中央银行、风险投资、二级市场交易、贸易融资、商业银行、交易后拥有和数字 ID 的潜在用例的评论。还探讨了加密货币、首次代币发行、其他代币和加密衍生品的市场和监管环境。经教师许可，对本科生开放。

S. Johnson S. 约翰逊

**15.236 Global Business of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (GBAIR)

15.236 人工智能和机器人全球业务 （GBAIR）**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
2-2-2 units 2-2-2 单位

Discussion based-course examines applications of artificial intelligence and robotics in the business world. Emphasizes understanding the likely direction of technology and how it is likely to be used. Students examine particular applications to deepen their understanding of topical issues. Also focuses on how global economies will change in light of this wave of technology. Preference to Sloan graduate students.
基于讨论的课程研究人工智能和机器人技术在商业世界中的应用。强调了解技术的可能方向以及它可能如何使用它。学生检查特定的应用程序以加深他们对热门问题的理解。还关注全球经济将如何根据这股技术浪潮而变化。优先选择斯隆研究生。

S. Johnson, J. Ruane, L. Videgaray
S. 约翰逊、J. 鲁恩、L. 维德加雷

**15.238[J] Shaping the Future of Technology: From Early Agriculture to Artificial Intelligence

15.238[J] 塑造技术的未来：从早期农业到人工智能**

Same subject as 14.78[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.78[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Spring)
学术 2025-2026 年：U （春季）
4-0-8 units. HASS-S; CI-H
4-0-8 单位。哈斯-S;CI-H 型

See description under subject 14.78[J].
请参阅 主题 14.78[J] 下的描述 。

D. Acemoglu, S. Johnson D. Acemoglu， S. 约翰逊

**15.239[J] China's Growth: Political Economy, Business, and Urbanization

15.239[J] 中国的增长：政治经济、商业和城市化**

Same subject as 11.257[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.257[J]
Subject meets with 11.157[J], 15.2391[J]
对象与 11.157[J] 、 15.2391[J] 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

See description under subject 11.257[J].
请参阅 主题 11.257[J] 下的描述 。

Y. Huang, S. Zheng, Z. Tan
Y. Huang， S. Zheng， Z. Tan

**15.2391[J] China's Growth: Political Economy, Business, and Urbanization

15.2391[J] 中国的增长：政治经济、商业和城市化**

Same subject as 11.157[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.157[J]
Subject meets with 11.257[J], 15.239[J]
对象与 11.257[J] 、 15.239[J] 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring; second half of term)
U （春季;学期下半期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

See description under subject 11.157[J].
请参阅 主题 11.157[J] 下的描述 。

Y. Huang, S. Zheng, Z. Tan
Y. Huang， S. Zheng， Z. Tan

**15.248 MENA Lab: Promoting Innovation & Entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa

15.248 中东和北非实验室：在中东和北非推广创新和创业**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, IAP) G（秋季，IAP）
3-1-8 units 3-1-8 单位

Experiential study of the innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Middle East and North Africa leveraging on the historic Abraham Accords. Explores the role of entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, MNCs, universities, and governments. Teaches the McKinsey process for successful consulting engagements and what makes for high performing teams. Students travel to the Middle East during IAP to work with and consult for host companies on strategic managerial issues in tech industries. Includes an opportunity to work with executives at startup ventures looking to scale their businesses and to engage with their venture capitalist backers.
利用历史悠久的亚伯拉罕协议对中东和北非的创新和创业生态系统进行体验研究。探讨企业家、风险投资家、跨国公司、大学和政府的作用。教授 McKinsey 成功开展咨询业务的流程以及打造高绩效团队的要素。学生在 IAP 期间前往中东，与主办公司合作并就科技行业的战略管理问题提供咨询。包括与希望扩大业务规模的初创公司的高管合作并与风险投资家支持者互动的机会。

J. Cohen J. 科恩

History, Environment and Ethics

历史、环境和道德

**15.268 Choice Points: Thinking about Life and Leadership through Literature

15.268 选择点：通过文学思考生活和领导力**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores decision making and leadership. Analyzes the dilemmas and decisions characters face in a selection of plays, stories, and films. Provokes reflection on what constitutes effective and moral reasoning in critical moments of both life and leadership.  Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
探索决策和领导力。分析角色在一系列戏剧、故事和电影中面临的困境和决定。引发对在生活和领导力的关键时刻什么是有效和道德推理的反思。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

Consult J. DiFabio 咨询 J. DiFabio

**15.269 Leadership Stories: Literature, Ethics, and Authority

15.269 领导力故事：文学、伦理和权威**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores how we use story to articulate ethical norms. The syllabus consists of short fiction, novels, plays, feature films and some non-fiction. Major topics include leadership and authority, professionalism, the nature of ethical standards, social enterprise, and questions of gender, cultural and individual identity, and work/life balance. Materials vary from year to year, but past readings have included work by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Seamus Heaney, Aravind Adiga, Ursula LeGuin, Hao Jingfang, Mohsin Hamid, and others; films have included The Lives of Others, Daughters of the Dust, Hotel Rwanda, Hamilton, and others. Draws on various professions and national cultures, and is run as a series of moderated discussions, with students centrally engaged in the teaching process.
探讨我们如何利用故事来阐明道德规范。教学大纲包括短篇小说、小说、戏剧、故事片和一些非小说类作品。主要主题包括领导力和权威、专业精神、道德标准的性质、社会企业以及性别、文化和个人身份以及工作/生活平衡等问题。材料每年都不同，但过去的阅读材料包括 Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie、Seamus Heaney、Aravind Adiga、Ursula LeGuin、Hao Jingfang、Mohsin Hamid 等人的作品;电影包括 The Lives of Others、Daughters of the Dust、Hotel Rwanda、Hamilton 等。借鉴各种职业和民族文化，并以一系列主持的讨论形式进行，学生集中参与教学过程。

L. Hafrey L. 哈弗雷

Communication 通信

**15.270 Ethical Practice: Leading Through Professionalism, Social Responsibility, and System Design

15.270 道德实践：通过专业精神、社会责任和系统设计引领**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Introduction to ethics in business, with a focus on business management. Students explore theoretical concepts in business ethics, and cases representing the challenges they will likely face as managers. Opportunity to work with guest faculty as well as business and other professional practitioners. Individual sessions take the form of moderated discussion, with occasional short lectures from instructor.
商业道德概论，重点是商业管理。学生探索商业道德的理论概念，以及代表他们作为管理者可能面临的挑战的案例。有机会与客座教师以及商业和其他专业从业者合作。个别会议采用主持讨论的形式，偶尔会有讲师的简短讲座。

L. Hafrey L. 哈弗雷

**15.275 Creative Industries: Media, Entertainment, and the Arts (New)

15.275 创意产业：媒体、娱乐和艺术（新）**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores the market structure and dynamics of the creative industries, which include but are not limited to music, television, film, publishing, video games, performing arts, fine arts, sports, fashion, and news. Exposes students to both the creative and business sides of these industries. On the creative side, students learn about content creation and production processes and also experience them, including through developing, pitching, storyboarding, and prototyping an original content idea. On the business side, students learn strategies to distribute, promote, and measure creative content and are given an opportunity to apply these strategies as well. Assignments include individual papers and a semester-long team project.
探索创意产业的市场结构和动态，包括但不限于音乐、电视、电影、出版、视频游戏、表演艺术、美术、体育、时尚和新闻。让学生接触到这些行业的创意和商业方面。在创意方面，学生学习内容创作和制作过程，并体验它们，包括通过开发、推销、故事板和制作原创内容创意的原型。在商业方面，学生学习分发、推广和衡量创意内容的策略，并有机会应用这些策略。作业包括个人论文和为期一学期的团队项目。

B. Shields B. 盾牌

**15.276 Communicating with Data

15.276 与数据通信**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Equips students with the strategies, tactics, and tools to use quantitative information to inform and persuade others. Emphasizes effective communication skills as the foundation of successful careers. Develops the skills to communicate quantitative information in a business context to drive people and organizations toward better decisions. Focuses heavily on the cycle of practicing, reflecting, and revising. Students receive extensive, personalized feedback from teaching team and classmates. Limited to 25; priority to 15-2 and 6-14 majors.
使学生掌握使用定量信息来告知和说服他人的策略、战术和工具。强调有效的沟通技巧是成功职业生涯的基础。培养在业务环境中传达定量信息的技能，以推动人们和组织做出更好的决策。主要关注练习、反思和修改的循环。学生从教学团队和同学那里收到广泛的个性化反馈。限 25 人;优先考虑 15-2 和 6-14 大满贯。

L. Breslow L. 布雷斯洛

**15.277 Seminar in Communications

15.277 传播研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to communication.
与传播相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Staff 员工

**15.278 Seminar in Communications

15.278 传播研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to communication.
与传播相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Staff 员工

**15.279 Management Communication for Undergraduates

15.279 本科生管理交流**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Develops writing, speaking, teamwork, interpersonal, social media, and cross-cultural communication skills necessary for management professionals. Assignments include creating persuasive memos, writing in response to cases, and giving presentations. Major project involves the production of a team report and presentation on a topic of interest to a professional audience.
培养管理专业人士所需的写作、口语、团队合作、人际关系、社交媒体和跨文化沟通技能。作业包括创建有说服力的备忘录、针对案例写作和进行演示。主要项目涉及制作团队报告和介绍专业观众感兴趣的主题。

M. Webster M. 韦伯斯特

**15.280 Communication for Leaders

15.280 领导者的沟通**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-1-5 units 3-1-5 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.710
15.710 也无法获得积分

Students develop and polish communication strategies and methods through discussion, examples, and practice. Emphasizes writing and speaking skills necessary for effective leaders. Includes several oral and written assignments which are integrated with other subjects, and with career development activities, when possible. Schedule and curriculum coordinated with Organizational Processes. Mandatory one hour recitation in small groups. Restricted to first-year Sloan graduate students.
学生通过讨论、示例和实践来发展和完善沟通策略和方法。强调有效领导者所需的写作和口语技能。包括一些口头和书面作业，这些作业与其他科目以及职业发展活动相结合。时间表和课程与组织流程协调。小组强制性背诵一小时。仅限斯隆研究生一年级学生。

N. Hartman, L. Breslow, V. Healy-Tangney, K. Blackburn, M. Kazakoff, J.Yates, B. Shields
N. Hartman， L. Breslow， V. Healy-Tangney， K. Blackburn， M. Kazakoff， J.Yates， B. Shields

**15.281 Advanced Leadership Communication

15.281 高级领导力沟通**

Prereq: 15.279, 15.280, 15.284, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.279 ， 15.280 ， 15.284 ， 或 教师权限
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduces interactive oral and interpersonal communication skills critical to leaders, including strategies for presenting to a hostile audience, running effective and productive meetings, active listening, and contributing to group decision-making. Includes team-run classes on chosen communication topics, and an individual analysis of leadership qualities and characteristics. Students deliver an oral presentation and an executive summary, both aimed at a business audience.
介绍对领导者至关重要的互动式口头和人际沟通技巧，包括向敌对的听众展示、召开有效和富有成效的会议、积极倾听以及为团队决策做出贡献的策略。包括针对所选沟通主题的团队运营课程，以及对领导素质和特征的个人分析。学生提供口头报告和执行摘要，两者都针对商业受众。

N. Hartman, K. Blackburn, B. Shields, V. Healy-Tangney
N. 哈特曼， K. 布莱克本， B. 希尔兹， V. 希利-唐尼

**15.283 Social Media Management: Persuasion in Networked Culture

15.283 社交媒体管理：网络文化中的说服力**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores how organizations and leaders can maximize the business value of social media platforms. Provides a framework and best practices for social media management, enhances understanding of strategic communication within the social media context, and improves social media communication skills. Assignments include case analysis, weekly content creation, and a final group project on social media strategy and content.
探索组织和领导者如何最大限度地发挥社交媒体平台的商业价值。为社交媒体管理提供框架和最佳实践，增强对社交媒体环境中战略沟通的理解，并提高社交媒体沟通技巧。作业包括案例分析、每周内容创建以及关于社交媒体策略和内容的最终小组项目。

B. Shields B. 盾牌

**15.284 Strategic Leadership Communication

15.284 战略领导力沟通**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; partial term) G（秋季;部分足月）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Introduces the essentials of how individuals and organizations develop and implement effective communication strategies, focusing on persuasion, audience analysis, communicator credibility, message construction, and delivery. Includes oral presentations and writing assignments with feedback to help students improve their communication effectiveness. Provides instruction to create communication strategies, develop and present clearly organized and powerful presentations, expand personal oral delivery and writing styles, and enhance presentations through effective visual aids. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
介绍个人和组织如何制定和实施有效沟通策略的基本要素，重点关注说服、受众分析、沟通者可信度、信息构建和传递。包括口头报告和写作作业以及反馈，以帮助学生提高他们的沟通效率。提供指导，以制定沟通策略，开发和呈现组织清晰且有力的演示文稿，扩展个人口语表达和写作风格，并通过有效的视觉辅助工具增强演示文稿。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

N. Hartman, L. Breslow N. 哈特曼，L. 布雷斯洛

**15.285 Sports Strategy and Analytics

15.285 体育策略与分析**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Explores how leaders and organizations apply data and analytics to gain a competitive edge in the multibillion-dollar global sports industry. Provides context on the structure and dynamics of the sports industry, discusses best practices in data-driven decision making both on- and off-the-field, and improves students' skills in analyzing and communicating data. Assignments include a decision analysis paper and a final team project in which students apply their skills to solve a problem in sports.
探讨领导者和组织如何应用数据和分析在价值数十亿美元的全球体育产业中获得竞争优势。提供有关体育行业的结构和动态的背景信息，讨论场内和场外数据驱动决策的最佳实践，并提高学生分析和交流数据的技能。作业包括决策分析论文和最终团队项目，学生在项目中应用他们的技能来解决体育问题。

B. Shields, R. Reagans B. Shields， R. Reagans

**15.286 Communicating with Data

15.286 与数据通信**

Prereq: 15.280, 15.284, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.280 ， 15.284 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.287, 15.721
也无法接收 15.287 的积分 。 15.721

Focuses on structuring the oral and visual communication of data. Introduces these concepts and a methodology of self-reflection to help students accelerate their life-long learning process. Improves students' ability to develop strategic communications that use data to persuade others to take action. Primary focus is on reducing barriers to action by making data as easy as possible for others to absorb through clear structure, clear design, and clear delivery. Significant time will be devoted to practice. Students give and receive substantial feedback on their work.
专注于构建数据的口头和视觉交流。介绍这些概念和自我反思的方法，以帮助学生加速他们的终身学习过程。提高学生开发战略沟通的能力，使用数据说服他人采取行动。主要重点是通过清晰的结构、清晰的设计和清晰的交付，使数据尽可能容易地被其他人吸收，从而减少行动的障碍。将投入大量时间进行练习。学生对他们的工作提供和接收大量反馈。

M. Kazakoff, A. Mehrotra M. Kazakoff， A. Mehrotra

**15.287 Communication and Persuasion Through Data

15.287 通过数据进行沟通和说服**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.286, 15.721
也无法接收 15.286 的积分 。 15.721

Focuses on the strategic and tactical use of data to move others to take (the correct) action. Sharpens communication skills via practice and real-world examples. Students spend significant time writing, speaking and designing visuals for a professional audience. Intended for students who expect to communicate quantitative information with non-experts inside and outside of their organizations, as well as students seeking to improve communication skills in general. Restricted to Sloan Master of Business Analytics students.
侧重于数据的战略和战术使用，以促使他人采取（正确的）行动。通过实践和真实世界的例子提高沟通技巧。学生花费大量时间为专业观众写作、演讲和设计视觉效果。适用于希望与组织内外的非专家交流定量信息的学生，以及寻求提高一般沟通技巧的学生。仅限斯隆商业分析硕士学生。

A. Telio, N. Hartman, B. Shields, L. Breslow
A. Telio， N. Hartman， B. Shields， L. Breslow

**15.288 Tough Conversations

15.288 艰难的对话**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Equips managers with the knowledge and skills to productively navigate conversations about race, gender, and other aspects of social identities at work. Analyzes the structure of difficult conversations, investigates the research on conversational dynamics, and explores strategies for speaking up in organizations. Significant class time is devoted to experiential exercises. Weekly assignments include individual written reflections based on readings and research. For the final project, students write a short case, record a conversation, and assess their work. Restricted to second-year MBA students.
使管理人员具备知识和技能，以便在工作中高效地进行有关种族、性别和社会身份其他方面的对话。分析困难对话的结构，调查对话动态的研究，并探索在组织中发声的策略。大量的课堂时间用于体验式练习。每周作业包括基于阅读和研究的个人书面反思。在最终项目中，学生们写一个简短的案例，记录一段对话，并评估他们的工作。仅限 MBA 二年级学生。

K. Blackburn K. 布莱克本

**15.289 Doctoral Seminar: Communication Skills for Academics

15.289 博士生研讨会：学术界的沟通技巧**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Focuses on the communication skills needed for a career in academia. Topics include preparing and delivering conference papers and job talks, formulating and rehearsing elevator pitches, methods for effective teaching, creating your professional presence on social media, and discussions for conferences. Participants are expected to deliver multiple oral presentations based on their current research and practice effective teaching methods. Priority to Sloan doctoral students who have completed their first year.
专注于学术界职业所需的沟通技巧。主题包括准备和交付会议论文和工作谈话、制定和排练电梯演讲、有效教学的方法、在社交媒体上建立您的专业形象以及会议讨论。参与者应根据他们当前的研究和实践有效的教学方法进行多次口头报告。优先考虑已完成第一年的斯隆博士生。

E. So E.所以

Work and Organizational Studies

工作与组织研究

**15.301 People, Teams, and Organizations Laboratory

15.301 人员、团队和组织实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-3-9 units. Institute LAB
3-3-9 个单位。研究所实验室

Surveys individual and social psychology and organization theory interpreted in the context of the managerial environment. Laboratory involves projects of an applied nature in behavioral science. Emphasizes use of behavioral science research methods to test hypotheses concerning decision-making, group behavior, and organizational behavior. Instruction and practice in communication includes report writing, team projects, and oral and visual presentation. 12 units may be applied to the General Institute Laboratory Requirement. Shares lectures with 15.310.
调查在管理环境背景下解释的个人和社会心理学以及组织理论。实验室涉及行为科学中的应用性质的项目。强调使用行为科学研究方法来检验有关决策、群体行为和组织行为的假设。沟通的指导和实践包括报告写作、团队项目以及口头和视觉演示。12 个学分可应用于通用研究所实验室要求。与 15.310 共享讲座。

J. Carroll J. 卡罗尔

**15.302[J] Power: Interpersonal, Organizational, and Global Dimensions

15.302[J] 权力：人际、组织和全球维度**

Same subject as 11.045[J], 17.045[J], 21A.127[J]
与 11.045[J] 、 17.045[J] 21A.127[J] 、 相同的主题
Subject meets with 21A.129
对象会见 21A.129
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Spring)
学术 2025-2026 年：U （春季）
3-0-9 units. HASS-S 3-0-9 个单位。HASS-S 系列

See description under subject 21A.127[J].
请参阅 主题 21A.127[J] 下的描述 。

S. Silbey S. 西尔贝

**15.304 Being Effective: Power and Influence

15.304 有效：权力和影响力**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Discusses how to map power and interest patterns in organizations, how to understand your own interests and objectives, and how to operate effectively in organizational environments. Provides frameworks as well as a range of practical tools to address these goals. Utilizes a wide range of material drawn from the business and public worlds.
讨论如何映射组织中的权力和利益模式，如何了解自己的利益和目标，以及如何在组织环境中有效运作。提供框架以及一系列实用工具来实现这些目标。利用来自商业和公共领域的广泛材料。

P. Osterman P. 奥斯特曼

**15.305 Leadership and Management

15.305 领导与管理**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores leadership from the military perspective taught by professors of military science from the Army, Navy and Air Force. Survey of basic principles for successfully managing and leading people, particularly in public service and the military. Develops skills in topics such as oral and written communication techniques, planning, team building, motivation, ethics, decision-making, and managing change. Relies heavily on interactive experiential classes with case studies, student presentations, role plays, and discussion. Also appropriate for non-management science majors.
从陆军、海军和空军的军事科学教授教授的军事角度探索领导力。成功管理和领导人员的基本原则调查，特别是在公共服务和军队中。培养口头和书面沟通技巧、规划、团队建设、激励、道德、决策和管理变革等主题的技能。严重依赖互动体验课程，包括案例研究、学生演讲、角色扮演和讨论。也适用于非管理科学专业。

P. Francik, J. Huck, B. Collins
P. 弗兰西克、J. 哈克、B. 柯林斯

**15.308 Leading the Way: Interpersonal and Organizational Strategies for Advancing DE&I

15.308 引领道路：推进 DE&I 的人际关系和组织战略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduces and analyzes competing explanations and claims about inequality within US workplaces; reviews evidence regarding the effectiveness of diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives and policies; and investigates how race, gender, and other identities may affect employees' experience in work organizations. Significant class time is devoted to experiential exercises to develop skills for interacting effectively with diverse others, managing teams and critical conversations, and advocating thoughtfully for change. Weekly assignments include written reflections based on readings and social science research. Restricted to Sloan MBA students.
介绍和分析关于美国工作场所不平等的相互竞争的解释和主张;审查有关多元化、公平和包容性倡议和政策有效性的证据;并调查种族、性别和其他身份如何影响员工在工作组织中的体验。大量的课堂时间专门用于体验式练习，以培养与不同的人有效互动、管理团队和关键对话以及深思熟虑地倡导变革的技能。每周作业包括基于阅读和社会科学研究的书面反思。仅限斯隆 MBA 学生。

K. Blackburn, E. Kelly K. 布莱克本，E. 凯利

**15.309 Leadership Lessons Learned from the Military

15.309 从军队中吸取的领导力经验教训**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
2-1-3 units 2-1-3 单位

Focuses on the nature of military leadership and its relevance to the civilian professional and organizational experience. Draws on expertise among personnel in the ROTC units at MIT, the service experience of veterans in various MIT Sloan programs, invited keynote speakers, and Sloan faculty.
侧重于军事领导的性质及其与文职人员、专业和组织经验的相关性。借鉴麻省理工学院 ROTC 部门人员的专业知识、退伍军人在各种麻省理工学院斯隆项目中的服务经验、特邀主旨演讲者和斯隆教师。

L. Hafrey L. 哈弗雷

**15.310 People, Teams, and Organizations

15.310 人员、团队和组织**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
2-1-6 units 2-1-6 单位

Surveys social psychology and organization theory as interpreted in the context of the managerial environment. Covers a number of diverse topics, including motivation and reward systems, social influence, groups and teams, leadership, power, organizational design and culture, and networks and communication patterns. Similar in content to 15.311; shares lectures with 15.301. Preference to non-Course 15 students.
调查在管理环境背景下解释的社会心理学和组织理论。涵盖许多不同的主题，包括激励和奖励系统、社会影响力、团体和团队、领导力、权力、组织设计和文化以及网络和沟通模式。内容与 15.311 相似;与 15.301 分享讲座。优先考虑非 Course 15 学生。

J. Carroll, P. Osterman J. 卡罗尔，P. 奥斯特曼

**15.311 Organizational Processes

15.311 组织流程**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
2-3-4 units 2-3-4 单位

Enhances students' ability to take effective action in complex organizational settings by providing the analytic tools needed to analyze, manage, and lead the organizations of the future. Emphasizes the importance of the organizational context in influencing which individual styles and skills are effective. Employs a wide variety of learning tools, from experiential learning to the more conventional discussion of written cases. Centers on three complementary perspectives on organizations: the structural design, political, and cultural "lenses" on organizations. Major team project to analyze an actual organizational change, with oral and written reports. Restricted to first-year Sloan master's students.
通过提供分析、管理和领导未来组织所需的分析工具，增强学生在复杂的组织环境中采取有效行动的能力。强调组织环境在影响哪些个人风格和技能有效方面的重要性。使用各种学习工具，从体验式学习到更传统的书面案例讨论。以组织的三个互补视角为中心：组织的结构设计、政治和文化“镜头”。主要团队项目，通过口头和书面报告来分析实际的组织变革。仅限斯隆硕士一年级学生。

K. Kellogg K. 凯洛格

**15.312 Organizational Processes for Business Analytics

15.312 业务分析的组织流程**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Develops appreciation for organizational dynamics and competence in navigating social networks, working in a team, demystifying rewards and incentives, leveraging the crowd, understanding change initiatives, and making sound decisions. Provides instruction and practice in written and oral communication through presentations, and interpersonal and group exercises.
培养对组织动力的理解以及在浏览社交网络、团队合作、揭开奖励和激励的神秘面纱、利用人群、了解变革举措和做出合理决策方面的能力。通过演讲、人际交往和小组练习提供书面和口头交流的指导和练习。

R. Reagans, L. Breslow R. Reagans， L. Breslow

**15.316 Building and Leading Effective Teams

15.316 建立和领导高效的团队**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-1-0 units 3-1-0 单位

An intensive one-week introduction to leadership, teams, and learning communities. Introduction of concepts and use of a variety of experiential exercises to develop individual and team skills and develop supportive relationships within the Fellows class. Restricted to first-year Leaders for Global Operations students.
为期一周的领导力、团队和学习社区的强化介绍。介绍概念并使用各种体验式练习来发展个人和团队技能，并在研究员班级内发展支持关系。仅限全球运营领导者一年级学生。

J. S. Carroll J. S. 卡罗尔

**15.317 Leadership and Organizational Change

15.317 领导力和组织变革**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring, Summer; second half of term)
G （春季、夏季;学期下半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Course spans the entire two-year Leaders for Global Operations (LGO) program, with a focus on leadership that blends theory and practice. During their first summer in the program, students reflect on exemplary leaders' stories in cases, the arts, journalism, philosophy, and social science, and evaluate their own previous leadership experience. During the succeeding four semesters, they apply the lessons they have learned in class to their off-campus internship and other activities at Sloan, and intensively review that experience as they reach the end of the program. Classes take the form of moderated discussion, with the expectation that students will participate fully in each session; students also submit short, written deliverables throughout the program.
课程涵盖整个为期两年的全球运营领导者 （LGO） 计划，重点是将理论与实践相结合的领导力。在他们参加该计划的第一个暑假，学生们反思案例、艺术、新闻、哲学和社会科学领域的模范领导者的故事，并评估他们自己以前的领导经验。在接下来的四个学期中，他们将在课堂上学到的知识应用到仕龙的校外实习和其他活动中，并在课程结束时集中回顾这些经验。课程采用主持讨论的形式，期望学生充分参与每节课;学生还在整个课程中提交简短的书面交付成果。

L. Hafrey L. 哈弗雷

**15.318 Discovering Your Leadership Signature

15.318 发现您的领导签名**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.739
也无法获得 15.739

Trains students to understand and develop their unique way of leading — their leadership signature. Involves intensive self-assessment and interactive exercises to grow self-awareness and confidence in one's core leadership values and styles, and expand one's ability to consciously direct personal and professional growth. Students engage in exercises to reflect on their strengths and weaknesses that help and hinder their ability to lead authentically and effectively, and experiment inside and outside of class with new habits of thought and behavior. Assignments include creating and declaring a model of one's leadership signature, identifying development goals, and defining and taking initial steps towards one's desired future self. Grounded in readings from Jungian-oriented psychology, family systems and developmental psychology, and leadership literature.
培训学生理解和发展他们独特的领导方式 — 他们的领导特征。包括密集的自我评估和互动练习，以提高对个人核心领导价值观和风格的自我认识和信心，并扩展有意识地指导个人和职业发展的能力。学生进行练习以反思他们的长处和短处，这些长处和短处有助于和阻碍他们真实有效地领导的能力，并在课堂内外尝试新的思维和行为习惯。作业包括创建和宣布一个人的领导力签名模型，确定发展目标，以及定义和采取初步步骤来实现一个人理想的未来自我。以荣格心理学、家庭系统和发展心理学以及领导力文献的阅读为基础。

K. Isaacs K. 艾萨克斯

**15.320 Strategic Organizational Design

15.320 战略组织设计**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Focuses on effective organizational design in both traditional and innovative organizations, with special emphasis on innovative organizational forms that take advantage of new information technologies. Topics include when to use functional, divisional, or matrix organizations; how IT creates new organizational possibilities; examples of innovative organizational possibilities, such as democratic decision-making, crowd-based organizations, and other forms of collective intelligence. Team projects include inventing new possibilities for real organizations.
专注于传统和创新组织中的有效组织设计，特别强调利用新信息技术的创新组织形式。主题包括何时使用职能、部门或矩阵组织;IT 如何创造新的组织可能性;创新组织可能性的示例，例如民主决策、基于群体的组织和其他形式的集体智慧。团队项目包括为真实的组织发明新的可能性。

T. Malone T. 马龙

**15.321 Improvisational Leadership: In-the-Moment Leadership Skills

15.321 即兴领导：当下的领导技能**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring; second half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Designed to provide a practical understanding of the skills of improvisation and their application to leadership. Examines the essential elements of successful leadership, including creativity, emotional intelligence, adaptability, and the capacity to develop effective influence strategies and build strong teams. Cultivates students' ability to respond to the unexpected with confidence and agility. Each class offers a highly experiential learning laboratory where students practice a wide variety of improvised business scenarios, interactive exercises, and simulations.
旨在提供对即兴创作技能及其在领导力中的应用的实际理解。研究成功领导力的基本要素，包括创造力、情商、适应性以及制定有效影响力策略和建立强大团队的能力。培养学生以自信和敏捷应对意外的能力。每个班级都提供了一个高度体验式的学习实验室，学生可以在其中练习各种即兴的商业场景、互动练习和模拟。

D. Giardella 贾尔黛拉

**15.322 Leading Organizations

15.322 领先组织**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.716
也无法获得 15.716

Analyzes through lectures, discussions, and class exercises, the human processes underlying organizational behavior. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
通过讲座、讨论和课堂练习分析组织行为背后的人类过程。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

J. Van Maanen J. 范马宁

**15.323 Leading from the Middle

15.323 从中间引导**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Students and Leaders for Global Operations (LGO) alumni develop and present case studies that focus on the challenges and opportunities of leading from positions in the middle of an organization. Restricted to Leaders for Global Operations program students.
学生和全球运营领导者 （LGO） 校友开发并展示案例研究，重点关注从组织中间职位领导的挑战和机遇。仅限 Leaders for Global Operations 计划的学生。

L. Hafrey L. 哈弗雷

**15.325 Leadership in Disrupted Industries

15.325 颠覆性行业的领导力**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Exposes students to accomplished leaders facing disruptive forces that are changing their industries, and explores leadership strategies to navigate disruption from the perspective of top management. Student panels prepare a detailed set of questions for each leader based on their organization and industry context. All students write two short papers — the first evaluating the leadership of a prior manager and the second explaining the planned changes to their own leadership approach.
让学生接触到面临改变其行业的颠覆性力量的成就卓著的领导者，并从最高管理层的角度探索驾驭颠覆的领导策略。学生小组根据每位领导者的组织和行业背景为他们准备了一套详细的问题。所有学生都写两篇短论文——第一篇评估前任经理的领导力，第二篇解释他们自己的领导方法的计划变化。

Consult R. Pozen, B. Shields
咨询 R. Pozen， B. Shields

**15.326 Seminar in Leadership II

15.326 领导力研讨会 II**

Prereq: 15.325 先决条件： 15.325
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Continuation of 15.325, providing students opportunities to meet senior executives of private and public institutions, including current or former policymakers, and discuss challenges associated with the management of country and global affairs. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
继续 15.325 ，为学生提供与私营和公共机构的高级管理人员会面的机会，包括现任或前任政策制定者，并讨论与国家和全球事务管理相关的挑战。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

Staff 员工

**15.328 Seminar in Organizational Studies

15.328 组织研究研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to organizational studies.
与组织研究相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Consult D. G. Ancona 咨询 D. G. Ancona

**15.329 Seminar in Organizational Studies

15.329 组织研究研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to organizational studies.
与组织研究相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Consult D. G. Ancona 咨询 D. G. Ancona

**15.335 Organizations Lab: Leading with Impact

15.335 Organizations 实验室：以影响力引领**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Experiential study of the organizational change process within the larger context of the community in which the organization resides. Exposes students to leadership exemplars in the for-profit, nonprofit, and public sectors. Examines cases of complex social dynamics in areas of housing, employment, credit, education, and criminal justice. Centers around a semester-long action learning project in which students assist a local nonprofit organization in achieving sustainable social justice objectives. Through a project identified with the nonprofit leaders, students apply their knowledge of systems and their practice of leadership to recommend an operational change that advances the mission of the organization.
在组织所在社区的更大背景下对组织变革过程进行体验研究。让学生接触营利性、非营利性和公共部门的领导典范。研究住房、就业、信贷、教育和刑事司法领域的复杂社会动态案例。围绕一个为期一学期的行动学习项目展开，学生在该项目中协助当地非营利组织实现可持续的社会正义目标。通过与非营利组织领导者一起确定的项目，学生应用他们的系统知识和领导实践来推荐推进组织使命的运营变革。

N. Repenning, B. Akinc, M. McCreary
N. Repenning， B. Akinc， M. McCreary

**15.336 ID Lab: Individual Development and Interpersonal Dynamics

15.336 ID Lab：个人发展和人际关系动力学**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduces specific frameworks and tools to help students refine the relevant leadership skills of self-reflection, inquiry, listening, perspective-taking, and strategic expression. Includes weekly class sessions, written reflections, interactive exercises, and professional executive coaching to enable students to clarify and articulate important aspects of who they are and how they impact others. Includes oral presentations and writing assignments focusing heavily on the cycle of practicing, reflecting, and revising. Students receive extensive, personalized feedback from teaching team, coaches, and classmates. Readings from developmental psychology and leadership literature augment analyses.
介绍特定的框架和工具，以帮助学生完善自我反省、探究、倾听、换位思考和战略表达等相关领导技能。包括每周的课堂会议、书面反思、互动练习和专业的高管辅导，使学生能够阐明和阐明他们是谁以及他们如何影响他人的重要方面。包括口头报告和写作作业，主要关注练习、反思和修改的周期。学生会收到来自教学团队、教练和同学的广泛个性化反馈。来自发展心理学和领导力文献的阅读材料增强了分析。

T. Purinton T. 普林顿

15.337 Teams Lab 15.337 Teams 实验室

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduces frameworks and tools to develop the awareness, perspective, and skills to be the team leader and team member of choice, no matter the context or role within an organization. Subject moves from identifying the building blocks of effective teams, to examining the real work of becoming a high-performing team, culminating with researching the emerging trends and future of teaming. For each of the three parts of the subjects, students are placed on different teams of peers and navigate the course content, activities, and conversations through the lens of being a functioning team. Includes individual sessions with professional executive coaches to augment in-class instruction and activities. Preference given to 2nd year MBA students.
介绍框架和工具，以培养成为首选团队领导和团队成员的意识、观点和技能，无论组织内的背景或角色如何。主题从确定有效团队的构建块，到检查成为高绩效团队的真正工作，最后研究团队的新兴趋势和未来。对于科目的三个部分中的每一个部分，学生被安排在不同的同伴团队中，并通过成为一个有效团队的视角来浏览课程内容、活动和对话。包括与专业高管教练的单独课程，以增强课堂教学和活动。优先考虑 MBA 二年级学生。

N. Repenning, L. Bergholz
N. Repenning， L. Bergholz

**15.338 Leadership and Teams Lab

15.338 领导力和团队实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Required subject spanning the Sloan Fellows summer term. Introduces foundational leadership frameworks by weaving theory, assignments, living cases, and one-one-one and team coaching together. Building on the observation that conflict is the feedstock of innovation for both teams and organizations, frames the core challenge of leadership as leveraging the benefits of competing perspectives without falling prey to the negative interpersonal dynamics that such differences can catalyze. Offers several tools to develop increased self-awareness and emotional self-regulation to constructively uncover conflict and leverage diversity. Employs a variety of learning modalities, including experiential learning, executive coaching, and facilitated team reflections. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBA students.
跨越斯隆研究员夏季学期的必修科目。通过将理论、作业、生动案例以及一对一和团队教练编织在一起，介绍基础领导框架。基于冲突是团队和组织创新的源头这一观察，将领导力的核心挑战定义为利用竞争观点的好处，而不会成为这种差异可能催化的负面人际动态的牺牲品。提供多种工具来增强自我意识和情绪自我调节，以建设性地发现冲突并利用多样性。采用多种学习方式，包括体验式学习、高管辅导和促进团队反思。仅限 Sloan Fellow MBA 学生。

N. Repenning N. 重新命名

**15.339 Developing Leadership Capabilities

15.339 培养领导能力**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Focuses on the key leadership capabilities needed in today's increasingly decentralized organizations: sensemaking, relating, visioning, and inventing. Through conceptual discussions, small group exercises, and self-reflection in a workshop setting, students examine a model of leadership, assess their leadership strengths and weaknesses, articulate their values and aspirations, and practice developing leadership capabilities in interaction with class members. Admission by application.
重点介绍当今日益分散的组织所需的关键领导能力：意义建构、关系、愿景和发明。通过在研讨会环境中进行概念讨论、小组练习和自我反思，学生研究领导模式，评估他们的领导优势和劣势，阐明他们的价值观和抱负，并练习在与班级成员的互动中发展领导能力。申请入学。

T. Malone, W. Orlikowski T. Malone， W. Orlikowski

**15.341 Individuals, Groups, and Organizations

15.341 个人、团体和组织**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Covers classic and contemporary theories and research related to individuals, groups, and organizations. Designed primarily for doctoral students in the Sloan School of Management who wish to familiarize themselves with research by psychologists, sociologists, and management scholars in the area commonly known as micro organizational behavior. Topics may include motivation, decision making, negotiation, power, influence, group dynamics, and leadership.
涵盖与个人、团体和组织相关的经典和现代理论和研究。主要为斯隆管理学院的博士生设计，他们希望熟悉心理学家、社会学家和管理学者在通常称为微观组织行为学领域的研究。主题可能包括动机、决策、谈判、权力、影响力、团队动力和领导力。

J. Curhan

**15.342 Organizations and Environments

15.342 组织和环境**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Provides an introduction to research in "organizations and environments," an interdisciplinary domain of inquiry drawing primarily from sociology, and secondarily from economics, psychology, and political science. Seeks to understand organizational processes and outcomes in the surrounding economic, cultural, and institutional context in which they are situated. Also provides an introduction to the main groups that together form the Behavioral Policy Sciences (BPS) area of MIT/Sloan, including economic sociology, organization studies, work and employment, strategic management, global management, and technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Consists of four modules taught by faculty from each of the four BPS groups, as well as integrative sessions taught by the main instructor. Preference to first-year doctoral students in BPS.
介绍“组织与环境”的研究，这是一个跨学科的研究领域，主要来自社会学，其次来自经济学、心理学和政治学。寻求了解组织在其所处的周围经济、文化和制度背景下的流程和结果。还介绍了共同构成麻省理工学院/斯隆大学行为政策科学 （BPS） 领域的主要组，包括经济社会学、组织研究、工作和就业、战略管理、全球管理以及技术、创新和创业。包括四个模块，由四个 BPS 组中每个小组的教师教授，以及由主要讲师教授的综合课程。优先考虑 BPS 的一年级博士生。

R. Reagans R·里根斯

**15.345 Doctoral Proseminar in Behavioral and Policy Sciences

15.345 行为与政策科学博士生研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

A professional seminar for doctoral students to report on their research, work on their thesis proposals, and practice their job talks. Also addresses general professional issues such as publishing, searching for jobs, the academic career, etc.
一个专业研讨会，让博士生报告他们的研究，完成他们的论文提案，并练习他们的工作谈话。还涉及一般专业问题，例如出版、找工作、学术生涯等。

J. Carroll J. 卡罗尔

**15.347 Doctoral Seminar in Research Methods I

15.347 研究方法博士生研讨 I**

Subject meets with 21A.809
对象会见 21A.809
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Introduces the process of social research, emphasizing the conceptualization of research choices to ensure validity, relevance, and discovery. Includes research design and techniques of data collection as well as issues in the understanding, analysis, and interpretation of data.
介绍社会研究的过程，强调研究选择的概念化，以确保有效性、相关性和发现性。包括数据收集的研究设计和技术，以及数据的理解、分析和解释中的问题。

E. Castilla E. 卡斯蒂利亚

**15.348 Doctoral Seminar in Research Methods II

15.348 研究方法博士研讨会 II**

Prereq: 15.347 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.347 或教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Builds on 15.347 to examine contemporary social research methods in depth. Focuses on making students familiar with the most important quantitative methods (e.g., logit/probit models, models for ordinal and nominal outcomes, count models, event history models).
以深入研究当代社会研究方法为基础 15.347 。侧重于使学生熟悉最重要的定量方法（例如，Logit/Probit 模型、序数和名义结果模型、计数模型、事件历史模型）。

E. J. Castilla EJ 卡斯蒂利亚

Technology, Innovation and Entrepreneurship

科技、创新和创业

**15.350 Managing Technological Innovation and Entrepreneurship

15.350 管理技术创新和创业**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Focuses on the challenges inherent in attempting to take advantage of both incremental innovation and more radical or breakthrough changes in products, processes and services. Highlights the importance of innovation to both new ventures and to large established firms and explores the organizational, economic and strategic problems that must be tackled to ensure innovation is a long term source of competitive advantage. Discussions and class presentations cover non- technical as well as technology-based innovation. Restricted to MIT Sloan Fellows in Innovation and Global Leadership.
重点介绍尝试利用产品、流程和服务的增量创新和更激进或突破性的变化所固有的挑战。强调创新对新企业和大型成熟公司的重要性，并探讨必须解决的组织、经济和战略问题，以确保创新是竞争优势的长期来源。讨论和课堂演示涵盖非技术创新以及基于技术的创新。仅限于麻省理工学院斯隆创新和全球领导力研究员。

Staff 员工

**15.351[J] Introduction to Making and Hardware Ventures

15.351[J] 制造和硬件企业简介**

Same subject as 2.351[J]
与 Subject 相同 2.351[J]
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Introduces core maker technologies alongside the Disciplined Entrepreneurship framework to form a foundation for creating hardware-based ventures. Fosters an understanding of how to make the abstract concrete and develops competency in rapid prototyping. Includes a large hands-on component that builds skills in the various elements of making. Enrollment limited; application required.
引入核心创客技术以及 Disciplined Entrepreneurship 框架，为创建基于硬件的企业奠定基础。培养对如何使抽象具体化的理解，并培养快速原型制作的能力。包括一个大型动手组件，用于培养制作各种元素的技能。招生有限;需要申请。

C. Lowell, M. Kenney, M. Culpepper
C. 洛厄尔， M. 肯尼， M. 卡尔佩珀

**15.352[J] StartMIT: Exploring Entrepreneurship and Innovation

15.352[J] StartMIT：探索创业和创新**

Same subject as 6.9302[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.9302[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
4-0-2 units 4-0-2 单位

See description under subject 6.9302[J].
请参阅 主题 6.9302[J] 下的描述 。

S. Neal, D. Ruiz Massieu
S. Neal， D. Ruiz Massieu

**15.356 Lead User Innovation Methods

15.356 主要用户创新方法**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Explains both the theory behind lead user innovation development methods, and how they can be profitably used in practice. Covers lead user searches, internet-based crowdsourcing, design by customers using innovation toolkits, and more. Includes visits from industry experts who present cases that illustrate the art required to implement each method.
解释引导用户创新开发方法背后的理论，以及如何在实践中有利可图地使用它们。涵盖潜在客户搜索、基于 Internet 的众包、客户使用创新工具包的设计等。包括行业专家的访问，他们介绍的案例说明了实施每种方法所需的艺术。

E. A. von Hippel E. A. 冯·希佩尔

**15.357 Economics of Ideas, Innovation and Entrepreneurship

15.357 思想、创新和创业经济学**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Fall)
2025-2026 学年：G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Advanced subject in the economics of technological change. Covers the micro-foundations of the knowledge production function (including the role of creativity and the impact of Science), the impact of institutions and strategic interaction on the commercialization of new technology, and the diffusion and welfare impact of ideas and technology. Includes a mixture and explicit comparisons of both theoretical and empirical research. Students should have adequate preparation in microeconomic theory and econometrics. Primarily for PhD students.
技术变革经济学的高级科目。涵盖知识生产功能的微观基础（包括创造力的作用和科学的影响）、机构和战略互动对新技术商业化的影响，以及思想和技术的传播和福利影响。包括理论和实证研究的混合和明确比较。学生应该在微观经济理论和计量经济学方面做好充分的准备。主要面向博士生。

P. Azoulay, S. Stern P. Azoulay， S. 斯特恩

**15.358 Platform Strategy and Entrepreneurship

15.358 平台战略与创业**

Prereq: 15.900 or 15.902
Prereq： 15.900 或 15.902
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring; second half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季;下半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Considers key strategic concepts and ideas useful for managers and entrepreneurs, especially the distinction between a product versus a platform strategy as well as product versus a service strategy. Takes a relatively deep dive into various hardware and software technologies that have stimulated new platforms and business models as well as applications and startup companies in a variety of fields. Topics may include enterprise Software as a Service, blockchain, Gig/sharing economy ventures, AI/ML in self-driving technology and other enterprise applications, cybersecurity, Industrial Internet of Things, and Quantum Computing. Classes consist of lectures, case studies, guest lectures, videos, and weekly student team presentations as well as final papers.
考虑对管理者和企业家有用的关键战略概念和想法，尤其是产品与平台战略以及产品与服务战略之间的区别。对各种硬件和软件技术进行了相对深入的探讨，这些技术激发了各个领域的新平台和商业模式以及应用程序和初创公司的发展。主题可能包括企业软件即服务、区块链、零工/共享经济企业、自动驾驶技术和其他企业应用中的 AI/ML、网络安全、工业物联网和量子计算。课程包括讲座、案例研究、客座讲座、视频和每周学生团队演示以及期末论文。

M. Cusumano M. 库苏马诺

**15.359[J] Engineering Innovation: Global Security Systems

15.359[J] 工程创新：全球安全系统**

Same subject as 6.9160[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.9160[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-3-6 units 3-3-6 单位

Provides students with the perspective of a chief technology officer and systems engineer in innovation-focused organizations such as the Departments of Defense, DARPA, NATO, and the UN. Discusses technological and innovation measures taken to ensure mutual safety and security globally. Outlines the journey from ideation to impact, revolving around complex engineering design challenges. Involves iterative testing and refinement of solutions, focusing on scalability in operational environments. Emphasis is placed on efficient team-building and leadership within the innovation landscape and is supported by stakeholders. Examines stakeholders' roles in successfully deploying solutions. Develops skills to organize technical thoughts, write impactful reports, and present convincing arguments effectively. Equips students with the ability to navigate design challenges, adjust to engineering frameworks, and manage use case variations.
为学生提供国防部、DARPA、NATO 和联合国等以创新为重点的组织的首席技术官和系统工程师的视角。讨论为确保全球共同安全而采取的技术和创新措施。概述了从构思到影响的旅程，围绕复杂的工程设计挑战。涉及解决方案的迭代测试和优化，重点关注操作环境中的可扩展性。强调在创新环境中高效的团队建设和领导力，并得到利益相关者的支持。检查利益干系人在成功部署解决方案中的角色。培养组织技术思想、撰写有影响力的报告和有效提出令人信服的论点的技能。使学生能够应对设计挑战、适应工程框架和管理用例变体。

G. Keselman G. 凯塞尔曼

**15.360 Entrepreneurship & Innovation Proseminar

15.360 创业与创新研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Provides an overview of the process of entrepreneurship. Describes the entrepreneurial mindset, skillset, and way of operating to most efficiently and effectively create new innovation-driven ventures. Allows quick and efficient understanding of the resources available to guide students' entrepreneurial education journey. Aimed at a wide spectrum of students from little exposure to startup founders who want to enhance their skills or change industries. Format consists of lectures, discussions, and workshops. Emphasis is on building a common base of fundamental knowledge as well as community. Serves as an entry point to understand and access the rich body of resources in entrepreneurship at MIT. Enrollment in Silicon Valley Study Tour for the following spring term is required. No listeners; restricted to students in Sloan Entrepreneurship & Innovation (E&I) Certificate program.
概述创业过程。描述创业思维方式、技能和运营方式，以最高效和有效地创建新的创新驱动型企业。允许快速有效地了解可用于指导学生创业教育之旅的资源。针对广泛的学生，从很少接触到想要提高技能或改变行业的初创公司创始人。形式包括讲座、讨论和研讨会。重点是建立基础知识和社区的共同基础。作为了解和访问麻省理工学院创业丰富资源的切入点。需要报名参加下一年春季学期的硅谷游学活动。没有听众;仅限Sloan创业与创新（E&I）证书课程的学生参加。

B. Aulet B. 奥莱

**15.361 Executing Strategy for Results

15.361 执行结果策略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.711
也无法获得 15.711

Provides students an alternative to the mechanistic view of strategy execution that reframes an organization as a complex network of teams continuously adjusting to market conditions and to other teams. Introduces the Flexible Execution Model, consisting of seven elements; strategy for execution, shared context, goals 2.0, resource re-allocation, distributed leaders, top leaders, and execution culture that together shape how well an organization executes its strategy. Discusses a set of practical tools, based on research and field-tested, that help leaders achieve their organizations' strategic priorities. Explores novel ways to use data including surveys, Glassdoor reviews, and other sources to measure strategy execution and identify what is and is not working. Preference given to Master of Business Administration students.
为学生提供了战略执行机械主义观点的替代方案，将组织重新构建为一个复杂的团队网络，不断适应市场条件和其他团队。介绍灵活执行模型，该模型由 7 个元素组成;执行战略、共享环境、目标 2.0、资源再分配、分布式领导者、最高领导者和执行文化，这些共同塑造了组织执行战略的能力。讨论一组基于研究和现场测试的实用工具，这些工具可帮助领导者实现其组织的战略重点。探索使用数据（包括调查、Glassdoor 评论和其他来源）来衡量策略执行并确定哪些有效，哪些无效的新方法。优先考虑工商管理硕士学生。

D. Sull D. 苏尔

**15.363[J] Strategic Decision Making in Life Science Ventures

15.363[J] 生命科学企业的战略决策**

Same subject as HST.971[J]
与 Subject 相同 HST.971[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Surveys key strategic decisions faced by managers, investors and scientists at each stage in the value chain of the life science industry. Aims to develop students' ability to understand and effectively assess these strategic challenges. Focuses on the biotech sector, with additional examples from the digital health and precision medicine industries. Includes case studies, analytical models, and detailed quantitative analysis. Intended for students interested in building a life science company or working in the sector as a manager, consultant, analyst, or investor. Provides analytical background to the industry for biological and biomedical scientists, engineers and physicians with an interest in understanding the commercial dynamics of the life sciences or the commercial potential of their research.
调查管理者、投资者和科学家在生命科学行业价值链的每个阶段面临的关键战略决策。旨在培养学生理解和有效评估这些战略挑战的能力。重点介绍生物技术领域，并提供了来自数字健康和精准医疗行业的其他示例。包括案例研究、分析模型和详细的定量分析。面向有兴趣建立生命科学公司或在该行业担任经理、顾问、分析师或投资者的学生。为有兴趣了解生命科学的商业动态或其研究的商业潜力的生物和生物医学科学家、工程师和医生提供行业的分析背景。

J. Fleming, A. Zarur J. 弗莱明，A. 扎鲁尔

**15.364 Innovation Ecosystems for Regional Entrepreneurship Acceleration Leaders (iEco4REAL)

15.364 区域创业加速领导者的创新生态系统 （iEco4REAL）**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.3641
也无法获得 15.3641

Aimed at students seeking an action-oriented understanding of innovation ecosystems, such as Silicon Valley, Greater Boston, Singapore, Lagos, and other sites across the globe. Provides a framework for analyzing these critical innovation economies from the perspective of key stakeholders: large corporations, governments, universities, entrepreneurs, and risk capital providers. Outlines the design and delivery of policies and programs (e.g., hackathons, accelerators, prizes, tax policy, immigration policy) intended to accelerate innovation-driven entrepreneurship in an ecosystem. Focused on how these programs can be used to drive corporate innovation and entrepreneurship and build stronger cultures of innovation. Meets with 15.3641 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
针对寻求以行动为导向的创新生态系统了解的学生，例如硅谷、士顿、新加坡、拉各斯和全球其他地区。提供了一个框架，用于从关键利益相关者的角度分析这些关键创新经济体：大公司、政府、大学、企业家和风险资本提供者。概述旨在加速生态系统中创新驱动型创业的政策和计划（例如，黑客马拉松、加速器、奖品、税收政策、移民政策）的设计和交付。专注于如何利用这些计划来推动企业创新和创业，并建立更强大的创新文化。同时提供时会面 15.3641 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

P. Budden, F. Murray P. 布登，F. 默里

**15.3641 Innovation Ecosystems for Regional Entrepreneurship Acceleration Leaders (iEco4REAL)

15.3641 区域创业加速领导者的创新生态系统 （iEco4REAL）**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.364
也无法获得 15.364

Aimed at students seeking an action-oriented understanding of innovation ecosystems, such as Silicon Valley, Greater Boston, Singapore, Lagos, and other sites across the globe. Provides a framework for analyzing these critical innovation economies from the perspective of key stakeholders: large corporations, governments, universities, entrepreneurs, and risk capital providers. Outlines the design and delivery of policies and programs (e.g., hackathons, accelerators, prizes, tax policy, immigration policy) intended to accelerate innovation-driven entrepreneurship in an ecosystem. Focuses on how these programs can be used to drive corporate innovation and entrepreneurship and build stronger cultures of innovation. Meets with 15.364 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
针对寻求以行动为导向的创新生态系统了解的学生，例如硅谷、士顿、新加坡、拉各斯和全球其他地区。提供了一个框架，用于从关键利益相关者的角度分析这些关键创新经济体：大公司、政府、大学、企业家和风险资本提供者。概述旨在加速生态系统中创新驱动型创业的政策和计划（例如，黑客马拉松、加速器、奖品、税收政策、移民政策）的设计和交付。重点介绍如何利用这些计划来推动企业创新和创业，并建立更强大的创新文化。同时提供时会面 15.364 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

P. Budden, F. Murray P. 布登，F. 默里

15.365 Overcoming Obstacles to Entrepreneurial Success 重试  错误原因

Prereq: 15.360, 15.378, 15.390, 15.399, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.360 ， 15.378 ， 15.390 15.399 ， ， 或 教师权限
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Identifying, understanding, and coping with the key problems from founding a firm throughout its full life cycle to success. Each week a successful MIT-alum entrepreneur forwards a brief on their major issue that had to be overcome. Guest speakers include prominent entrepreneurial role models. Student teams propose solutions for class discussion followed by the speaker's response and what they actually did and why. The speaker then relates the rest of the firm's development up to the present. Class begins with the research on the day's focus and ends with student teams creating one-page take-aways. Delta v, MIT Fuse, MIT 100K Finals, Sandbox or the EMBA Program are also accepted prereqs. Exemplifies the preferred dual-track entrepreneurial education, integrating academic research and practitioner experience.
识别、理解和应对从创立公司的整个生命周期到成功的关键问题。每周，一位成功的麻省理工学院校友企业家都会转发一份关于他们必须克服的主要问题的简报。演讲嘉宾包括杰出的创业榜样。学生团队为课堂讨论提出解决方案，然后是演讲者的回应以及他们实际做了什么和为什么。然后，演讲者讲述了公司迄今为止的其他发展。课程从对当天重点的研究开始，以学生团队创建单页要点结束。Delta v、MIT Fuse、MIT 100K Finals、Sandbox 或 EMBA 课程也是被接受的先决条件。体现了首选的双轨创业教育，将学术研究和从业经验相结合。

E. Roberts, I. Sayeed E. 罗伯茨，I. 赛义德

**15.366 Climate & Energy Ventures

15.366 气候与能源风险投资**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Project-based approach to innovation and venture creation in the energy sector and sectors that can mitigate climate change. Explores how innovation and entrepreneurial concepts apply (or do not apply) to the significant opportunities in these industries. Working in teams, students create new ventures specifically for the energy sector or to address climate change. Lectures guide teams through key elements of their projects. 15.390 is recommended as a prerequisite.
在能源行业和可以缓解气候变化的部门中采用基于项目的创新和风险创造方法。探讨创新和创业概念如何应用于（或不适用）这些行业的重大机会。学生们以团队形式工作，专门为能源部门或应对气候变化创造新的企业。讲座指导团队了解他们项目的关键要素。 15.390 建议作为先决条件。

T. Hynes, F. O'Sullivan, L. Wayman
T. 海因斯， F. 奥沙利文， L. 韦曼

**15.367[J] Healthcare Ventures

15.367[J] 医疗保健风险投资**

Same subject as HST.978[J]
与 Subject 相同 HST.978[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject HST.978[J].
请参阅 主题 HST.978[J] 下的描述 。

M. Gray, Z. Chu

**15.368 Disciplined Entrepreneurship Lab

15.368 纪律严明的创业实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-5 units 1-0-5 单位

Project-based course offering the opportunity to experience startup life in a low stakes environment while contributing strategic value to early-stage ventures. Students secure a startup project of their choice or work with a startup pre-selected by the action learning team. Startups represent a range of industries and, while concentrated in the Boston area, may also come from other parts of the US. Students cannot drop course once project commences.
基于项目的课程，提供在低风险环境中体验创业生活的机会，同时为早期企业贡献战略价值。学生获得他们选择的创业项目，或与行动学习团队预先选择的创业公司合作。初创公司代表了一系列行业，虽然集中在波士顿地区，但也可能来自美国其他地区。一旦项目开始，学生就不能放弃课程。

B. Aulet B. 奥莱

**15.369 Entrepreneurship in Organizations

15.369 组织中的创业精神**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Addresses the practical steps that can be taken to make existing organizations (corporations, non-profits, government, etc.) become more entrepreneurial. Uses a systematic approach to integrate lectures, exercises, guest speakers, and a team project. Application required.
解决可以采取的实际步骤，使现有组织（公司、非营利组织、政府等）更具创业精神。使用系统化的方法整合讲座、练习、嘉宾演讲和团队项目。需要申请。

S. Siegel, S. Neal, Y. Kuo
S. Siegel， S. Neal， Y. Kuo

**15.371[J] Innovation Teams

15.371[J] 创新团队**

Same subject as 2.907[J], 10.807[J]
与 2.907[J] 相同的主题 ， 10.807[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-4-4 units 4-4-4 单位

Introduces skills and capabilities for real-world problem solving to take technology from lab to societal impact: technical and functional exploration, opportunity discovery, market understanding, value economics, scale-up, intellectual property, and communicating/working for impact across disciplines. Students work in multidisciplinary teams formed around MIT research breakthroughs, with extensive in-class coaching and guidance from faculty, lab members, and select mentors. Follows a structured approach to innovating in which everything is a variable and the product, technology, and opportunities for new ventures can be seen as an act of synthesis. Teams gather evidence that permits a fact-based iteration across multiple application domains, markets, functionalities, technologies, and products, leading to a recommendation that maps a space of opportunity and includes actionable next steps to evolve the market and technology.
介绍解决现实世界问题的技能和能力，将技术从实验室带到社会影响：技术和功能探索、机会发现、市场理解、价值经济学、扩大规模、知识产权以及跨学科沟通/工作以产生影响。学生在围绕麻省理工学院研究突破组成的多学科团队中工作，并接受教师、实验室成员和精选导师的广泛课堂辅导和指导。遵循结构化的创新方法，其中一切都是一个变量，产品、技术和新企业的机会可以被视为一种综合行为。团队收集证据，允许跨多个应用领域、市场、功能、技术和产品进行基于事实的迭代，从而提出建议，该建议描绘了一个机会空间，并包括可行的后续步骤，以发展市场和技术。

L. Perez-Breva, D. Hart L. Perez-Breva， D. Hart

**15.373[J] Venture Engineering

15.373[J] 风险工程**

Same subject as 2.912[J], 3.085[J]
与 2.912[J] 相同的主题 ， 3.085[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Provides an integrated approach to the development and growth of new innovative ventures. Intended for students who seek to leverage their engineering and science background through innovation-driven entrepreneurship. Emphasizes the concept that innovation-driven entrepreneurs must make a set of interdependent choices under conditions of high uncertainty, and demonstrates that venture engineering involves reducing uncertainty through a structured process of experimental learning and staged commitments. Provides deep understanding of the core technical, customer, and strategic choices and challenges facing start-up innovators, and a synthetic framework for the development and implementation of ventures in dynamic environments.
为新的创新企业的发展和成长提供综合方法。面向寻求通过创新驱动型创业来利用其工程和科学背景的学生。强调创新驱动型企业家必须在高度不确定性的条件下做出一系列相互依存的选择的概念，并证明风险工程涉及通过实验学习和分阶段承诺的结构化过程来减少不确定性。深入了解初创创新者面临的核心技术、客户和战略选择和挑战，以及在动态环境中开发和实施企业的综合框架。

S. Stern, E. Fitzgerald S. 斯特恩，E. 菲茨杰拉德

**15.374 Organizing for Innovation

15.374 组织创新**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring; first half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季;上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Builds an understanding of what it means for an organization to 'manage' innovation. Subject has four parts: the sources of innovation (from the research lab, to local innovation ecosystems, to open innovation); motivating technical or/and creative professionals (incentives, structure, and culture); organizing the innovation process (from the study product development processes to R&D portfolios to building an experimental capacity); and emphasizing the connection between the management of innovation and competitive strategy.
了解组织“管理”创新意味着什么。主题有四个部分：创新的来源（从研究实验室到本地创新生态系统，再到开放式创新）;激励技术或/和创意专业人士（激励措施、结构和文化）;组织创新过程（从研究产品开发过程到研发组合，再到建立实验能力）;以及强调创新管理与竞争战略之间的联系。

P. Azoulay

**15.375[J] Global Ventures

15.375[J] 环球投资**

Same subject as EC.731[J], MAS.665[J]
与 EC.731[J] 相同的主题 ， MAS.665[J]
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject MAS.665[J].
请参阅 主题 MAS.665[J] 下的描述 。

J. Bonsen, A. Pentland, R. Raskar
J. Bonsen， A. Pentland， R. Raskar

**15.376[J] AI for Impact: Solving Societal-Scale Problems

15.376[J] AI for Impact：解决社会规模的问题**

Same subject as MAS.664[J]
与 Subject 相同 MAS.664[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

See description under subject MAS.664[J].
请参阅 主题 MAS.664[J] 下的描述 。

R. Rasksar, J. Bonsen A. Pentland
R. Rasksar， J. Bonsen A. Pentland

**15.378 Building an Entrepreneurial Venture: Advanced Tools and Techniques

15.378 建立创业企业：高级工具和技术**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-1-8 units 3-1-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.3781
也无法获得 15.3781

Intensive, project-based subject intended for startup teams already working on building a new, high-impact venture. Applies advanced entrepreneurial techniques to build and iterate a venture in a time-compressed manner. Includes weekly coaching sessions with instructors and peers, as well as highly interactive and customized sessions that provide practical, in-depth coverage on key topics in entrepreneurship. Topics include venture creation, primary market research, product development, market adoption, team and culture, and scaling processes with constrained resources. Meets with 15.3781 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. Application required; consult instructor. No listeners.
强化的、基于项目的科目，适用于已经致力于建立新的、高影响力的企业的创业团队。应用先进的创业技术，以时间压缩的方式建立和迭代企业。包括每周与讲师和同行的辅导课程，以及高度互动和定制的课程，这些课程对创业的关键主题提供实用、深入的报道。主题包括风险投资创建、初级市场研究、产品开发、市场采用、团队和文化，以及在资源受限的情况下扩展流程。同时提供时会面 15.3781 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。需要申请;咨询讲师。没有侦听器。

K. Ligris K. 利格里斯

**15.3781 Building an Entrepreneurial Venture: Advanced Tools and Techniques

15.3781 建立创业企业：高级工具和技术**

Prereq: 15.3901 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.3901 或教师许可
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-1-8 units 3-1-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.378
也无法获得 15.378

Intensive, project-based subject intended for startup teams already working on building a new, high-impact venture. Applies advanced entrepreneurial techniques to build and iterate a venture in a time-compressed manner. Includes weekly coaching sessions with instructors and peers, as well as highly interactive and customized sessions that provide practical, in-depth coverage on key topics in entrepreneurship. Topics include venture creation, primary market research, product development, market adoption, team and culture, and scaling processes with constrained resources. Meets with 15.378 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. Application required; consult instructor. No listeners.
强化的、基于项目的科目，适用于已经致力于建立新的、高影响力的企业的创业团队。应用先进的创业技术，以时间压缩的方式建立和迭代企业。包括每周与讲师和同行的辅导课程，以及高度互动和定制的课程，这些课程对创业的关键主题提供实用、深入的报道。主题包括风险投资创建、初级市场研究、产品开发、市场采用、团队和文化，以及在资源受限的情况下扩展流程。同时提供时会面 15.378 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。需要申请;咨询讲师。没有侦听器。

C. Chase, K. Arnold, J. Baum
C. 蔡斯， K. 阿诺德， J. 鲍姆

**15.379[J] Mobility Ventures: Driving Innovation in Transportation Systems

15.379[J] 移动风险投资：推动交通系统的创新**

Same subject as 11.529[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.529[J]
Subject meets with 11.029[J], 15.3791[J]
对象与 11.029[J] 、 15.3791[J] 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-3-6 units 3-3-6 单位

See description under subject 11.529[J].
请参阅 主题 11.529[J] 下的描述 。

J. Zhao, J. Moavenzadeh, J. Larios Berlin
J. Zhao， J. Moavenzadeh， J. Larios 柏林

**15.3791[J] Mobility Ventures: Driving Innovation in Transportation Systems

15.3791[J] Mobility Ventures：推动交通系统创新**

Same subject as 11.029[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.029[J]
Subject meets with 11.529[J], 15.379[J]
对象与 11.529[J] 、 15.379[J] 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-3-6 units 3-3-6 单位

See description under subject 11.029[J]. Preference to juniors and seniors.
请参阅 主题 11.029[J] 下的描述 。优先选择初级和高级学生。

J. Zhao, J. Moavenzadeh, J. Larios Berlin
J. Zhao， J. Moavenzadeh， J. Larios 柏林

**15.382 Managing Innovation in Financial Institutions

15.382 管理金融机构的创新**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Provides a practical guide to managing financial service firms, such as mutual funds, sovereign funds, banks, insurance companies, and pension plans. Focuses on strategies for adopting innovative products and services in responding to unmet financial needs and disrupting existing parts of the financial sector.
提供管理金融服务公司（如共同基金、主权基金、银行、保险公司和养老金计划）的实用指南。专注于采用创新产品和服务的战略，以应对未满足的金融需求和颠覆金融部门的现有部分。

R. Pozen

**15.383 Corporate Boards: Functions and Responsibilities

15.383 公司董事会：职能和责任**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides a practical guide to the functions and responsibilities of directors on boards of public and private companies. Focuses on the activities of the audit, compensation, and nominating committees, as well as the duties of directors in battles for control.
为上市公司和私营公司董事会的董事职能和职责提供实用指南。侧重于审计、薪酬和提名委员会的活动，以及董事在控制权争夺战中的职责。

R. Pozen

**15.385 Innovating for Impact

15.385 创新产生影响**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides a structured approach to innovation and entrepreneurship that creates business value while solving social and environmental problems. Covers physical domains of sustainability, e.g., waste, water, food, energy, and mobility, as well as social and human capital domains, such as health and education. Students explore case studies of critical decisions made in the early stages of an enterprise that help determine its impact. Considers perspective and tools applicable to the startup context or to new lines of business in existing enterprises.
提供结构化的创新和创业方法，在解决社会和环境问题的同时创造商业价值。涵盖可持续性的物理领域，例如废物、水、食物、能源和交通，以及社会和人力资本领域，例如健康和教育。学生探索企业早期阶段做出的关键决策的案例研究，这些决策有助于确定其影响。考虑适用于创业环境或现有企业的新业务线的观点和工具。

J. Jay J. 杰伊

**15.386 Leading in Ambiguity: Steering Through Strategic Inflection Points

15.386 在模糊性中引领：通过战略拐点**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring; second half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Develops the skills required to think and lead in complex, ambiguous, multi-dimensional situations. Senior leaders from a wide variety of organizations, both public and private, profit and non-profit, large and small, discuss complex real-life situations. Students are frequently asked to take a position about how they might approach each situation, perhaps using management frameworks they have studied previously. Executives then discuss what they did, or are doing, and reflect on their own journeys as enterprise-level leaders. Assignments ask students to reflect on how they have and will show up as leaders in a variety of contexts. Restricted to Sloan graduate students. No listeners or guests.
培养在复杂、模棱两可、多维情况下思考和领导所需的技能。来自各种组织（包括公共和私人、营利和非营利组织、大大小小）的高级领导讨论复杂的现实生活情况。学生经常被要求就他们如何处理每种情况表明立场，也许使用他们以前学习过的管理框架。然后，高管们讨论他们过去或正在做的事情，并反思他们自己作为企业级领导者的旅程。作业要求学生反思他们如何在各种环境中表现为领导者。仅限斯隆研究生。没有听众或访客。

C. Chilton C. 奇尔顿

**15.387 Entrepreneurial Sales

15.387 创业销售**

Prereq: 15.390 or read the book Disciplined Entrepreneurship
先决条件： 15.390 或阅读《纪律严明的创业》一书
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Instruction in the fundamental Go-to-Market (GTM) motions and how to identify, build and execute on the right GTM motion(s) for technology startups. This includes not only building out a sales organization, but also the underlying processes and sales fundamentals required to measure results and sustain competitive advantage. This course is highly relevant to anyone interested in building a business or better understanding how to drive revenue from founding to scale.
指导基本的上市 （GTM） 运动，以及如何为技术初创公司识别、构建和执行正确的 GTM 运动。这不仅包括建立销售组织，还包括衡量结果和保持竞争优势所需的基本流程和销售基础。本课程与任何对建立企业或更好地了解如何从成立到规模推动收入的人高度相关。

J. Baum, A. Blake, M. Faingezicht, E. Skala
J. Baum， A. Blake， M. Faingezicht， E. Skala

**15.388 Venture Creation Tactics

15.388 风险投资创建策略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-1-8 units 3-1-8 单位

Advanced, intensive, project-based subject intended for solo-founders or startup teams already working on building a new, high-impact venture, with a refined business plan. Supports students in their development of data to derisk the opportunity of pursuing a new venture full-time for founders, investors, and new recruits. This lab-style class promotes rapid experimentation by connecting the dots from the frameworks, concepts, and first principles covered in the introductory entrepreneurship subjects and guides students on how to tactically apply them in real-world situations. Topics include: advanced early go-to-market, enhanced target customer profile and persona development, digital advertising, outbound sales, UX design, rapid prototyping, recruiting early team members, and executing a fundraising plan. No listeners.
高级、强化、基于项目的科目，适用于已经致力于建立新的、高影响力的企业并拥有完善的商业计划的独立创始人或创业团队。支持学生开发数据，以降低创始人、投资者和新员工全职从事新业务的机会。这门实验室式课程通过连接创业入门科目中涵盖的框架、概念和第一原则中的点来促进快速实验，并指导学生如何在现实世界中战术性地应用它们。主题包括：高级早期上市、增强的目标客户资料和角色开发、数字广告、对外销售、UX 设计、快速原型设计、招募早期团队成员以及执行筹款计划。没有侦听器。

P. Cheek, N. Venna, G. Whitfield, M. Kenney
P. 奇克、N. 文纳、G. 惠特菲尔德、M. 肯尼

**15.389 Global Entrepreneurship Lab

15.389 全球创业实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, IAP) G（秋季，IAP）
3-1-8 units 3-1-8 单位

Experiential study of the climate for innovation and determinants of entrepreneurial success. Students work in teams of four with the top management of a company to address real-world business challenges. Students gain insight as to how companies build, run, and scale a new enterprise. Focuses primarily on scale-ups operating in emerging markets. Restricted to MBA students; all other graduate students by permission of instructor only.
创新环境和创业成功决定因素的体验研究。学生以四人一组的形式与公司的高层管理人员合作，以应对现实世界的商业挑战。学生将深入了解公司如何构建、运营和扩展新企业。主要关注在新兴市场运营的规模化企业。仅限 MBA 学生;所有其他研究生仅经教师许可。

M. Jester, S. Johnson M. 杰斯特，S. 约翰逊

**15.390 Entrepreneurship 101: Systematic Approach to New Venture Creation

15.390 创业 101：创建新企业的系统方法**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
2-2-8 units 2-2-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.3901
也无法获得 15.3901

Covers the process of identifying and quantifying market opportunities, then conceptualizing, planning, and starting a new, technology-based enterprise. Topics include opportunity assessment, the value proposition, the entrepreneur, legal issues, entrepreneurial ethics, the business plan, the founding team, seeking customers and raising funds. Students develop detailed business plans for a start-up. Intended for students who want to start their own business, further develop an existing business, be a member of a management team in a new enterprise, or better understand the entrepreneur and the entrepreneurial process. Meets with 15.3901 when offered concurrently.
涵盖识别和量化市场机会，然后构思、规划和启动新的技术型企业的过程。主题包括机会评估、价值主张、企业家、法律问题、企业道德、商业计划、创始团队、寻找客户和筹集资金。学生为初创企业制定详细的商业计划。面向想要创业、进一步发展现有业务、成为新企业管理团队成员或更好地了解企业家和创业过程的学生。同时提供时会面 15.3901 。

B. Aulet, P. Cheek B. Aulet， P. Cheek

**15.3901 Entrepreneurship 101: Systematic Approach to New Venture Creation

15.3901 创业 101：创建新企业的系统方法**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
2-2-8 units 2-2-8 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.390
也无法获得 15.390

Covers the process of identifying and quantifying market opportunities, then conceptualizing, planning, and starting a new, technology-based enterprise. Topics include opportunity assessment, the value proposition, the entrepreneur, legal issues, entrepreneurial ethics, the business plan, the founding team, seeking customers, and raising funds. Students develop detailed business plans for a start-up. Intended for students who want to start their own business, further develop an existing business, be a member of a management team in a new enterprise, or better understand the entrepreneur and the entrepreneurial process. Meets with 15.390 when offered concurrently. Students taking graduate version complete additional assignments.
涵盖识别和量化市场机会，然后构思、规划和启动新的技术型企业的过程。主题包括机会评估、价值主张、企业家、法律问题、企业道德、商业计划、创始团队、寻找客户和筹集资金。学生为初创企业制定详细的商业计划。面向想要创业、进一步发展现有业务、成为新企业管理团队成员或更好地了解企业家和创业过程的学生。同时提供时会面 15.390 。参加研究生版本的学生完成额外的作业。

B. Aulet, P. Cheek B. Aulet， P. Cheek

**15.392 Scaling Entrepreneurial Ventures

15.392 扩大创业企业规模**

Prereq: 10.807[J] or 15.390
Prereq： 10.807[J] 或 15.390
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Surveys the personal, institutional and operational challenges involved in scaling an entrepreneurial venture. Discusses both effective and ineffective solutions. Addresses topics such as leadership, culture, operations, governance, and human resources. Includes case studies and guest speakers.
调查扩大创业企业规模所涉及的个人、机构和运营挑战。讨论有效和无效的解决方案。涉及领导力、文化、运营、治理和人力资源等主题。包括案例研究和演讲嘉宾。

E. Cohen, B. Halligan, J. Larios Berlin
E. Cohen， B. Halligan， J. Larios 柏林

**15.393 The Nuts and Bolts of New Ventures

15.393 新企业的具体细节**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Designed to foster an understanding of how to start a new venture (for-profit and social/development). Details the process from an idea's inception to the development of a successful new venture to deliver products and services enabled by the idea. Explores customer identification, the business/economic models, financial projections, legal and operational issues, and financing alternatives and sources. All sessions taught by persons who have actually launched or have been involved in successful ventures.
旨在促进对如何开始新企业（营利性和社会/发展）的理解。详细说明从想法开始到成功开发新企业以提供由该想法支持的产品和服务的过程。探索客户识别、业务/经济模型、财务预测、法律和运营问题以及融资替代方案和来源。所有课程均由实际启动或参与成功企业的人员教授。

J. Hadzima J. 哈齐玛

**15.394 Entrepreneurial Founding and Teams

15.394 创业创立和团队**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.3941
也无法获得 15.3941

Explores key organizational and strategic decisions in founding and building a new venture. Through a series of cases, readings, and activities, students examine the trade-offs and consequences of early founder decisions: whom to include in the founding team, how to allocate equity among co-founders, how to determine founder roles, how to hire and motivate early-employees, and whether to involve external investors. Aims to equip students with tools and frameworks to help them understand the implications of early decisions, and to build enduring resources that enable the venture to execute even if the original plan changes substantially. Meets with 15.3941 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
探索创立和建立新企业的关键组织和战略决策。通过一系列案例、阅读材料和活动，学生研究早期创始人决策的权衡和后果：谁应该加入创始团队，如何在联合创始人之间分配股权，如何确定创始人角色，如何雇用和激励早期员工，以及是否让外部投资者参与进来。旨在为学生提供工具和框架，帮助他们理解早期决策的影响，并建立持久的资源，使企业能够执行，即使最初的计划发生重大变化。同时提供时会面 15.3941 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

K. Hickey, E. Scott K. Hickey， E. 斯科特

**15.3941 Entrepreneurial Founding and Teams

15.3941 创业创立和团队**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.394
也无法获得 15.394

Explores key organizational and strategic decisions in founding and building a new venture. Through a series of cases, readings, and activities, students examine the trade-offs and consequences of early founder decisions: whom to include in the founding team, how to allocate equity among co-founders, how to determine founder roles, how to hire and motivate early-employees, and whether to involve external investors. Aims to equip students with tools and frameworks to help them understand the implications of early decisions, and to build enduring resources that enable the venture to execute even if the original plan changes substantially. Meets with 15.394 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
探索创立和建立新企业的关键组织和战略决策。通过一系列案例、阅读材料和活动，学生研究早期创始人决策的权衡和后果：谁应该加入创始团队，如何在联合创始人之间分配股权，如何确定创始人角色，如何雇用和激励早期员工，以及是否让外部投资者参与进来。旨在为学生提供工具和框架，帮助他们理解早期决策的影响，并建立持久的资源，使企业能够执行，即使最初的计划发生重大变化。同时提供时会面 15.394 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

K. Hickey, E. Scott K. Hickey， E. 斯科特

**15.396 Seminar in Entrepreneurship

15.396 创业研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列

Group study of current topics related to entrepreneurship.
与创业相关的当前主题的小组研究。

W. Aulet W. 奥莱

**15.397 Seminar in Entrepreneurship

15.397 创业研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to high-tech entrepreneurship.
与高科技创业相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Staff 员工

**15.398 Corporations at the Crossroads: Leading an Organization Through Change & Challenge

15.398 处于十字路口的公司：带领组织应对变革与挑战**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Focuses on the CEO and other analogous leadership roles such as co-founder, chairman of the board, etc. Provides a unique opportunity for students to interact with some of the world's leading organizational leaders who are invited to participate in each class. The guest speakers offer advice and answer questions related to issues in management, strategy, and leadership, and the fulfillment experienced via their role and responsibilities.
专注于 CEO 和其他类似的领导角色，例如联合创始人、董事会主席等。为学生提供了一个独特的机会，让他们与一些受邀参加每门课程的世界领先的组织领导者互动。演讲嘉宾提供建议并回答与管理、战略和领导力问题相关的问题，以及通过他们的角色和职责所体验到的成就感。

D. Schmittlein, S. Hockfield
D. Schmittlein， S. Hockfield

**15.399 Entrepreneurship Lab

15.399 创业实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
2-9-1 units 2-9-1 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.3991
也无法获得 15.3991

Project-based subject, in which teams of students from MIT and surrounding colleges work with startups on problems of strategic importance to the venture. Provides an introduction to entrepreneurship, and the action learning component allows students to apply their academic knowledge to the problems faced by entrepreneurial firms. Popular sectors include software, hardware, robotics, clean technology, and life sciences. Meets with 15.3991 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
基于项目的学科，其中来自麻省理工学院和周边大学的学生团队与初创公司合作解决对企业具有战略重要性的问题。提供创业介绍，行动学习部分允许学生将他们的学术知识应用于创业公司面临的问题。热门领域包括软件、硬件、机器人、清洁技术和生命科学。同时提供时会面 15.3991 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

K. Hickey, D. Patel, K. Boucher
K. Hickey， D. Patel， K. Boucher

**15.3991 Entrepreneurship Lab

15.3991 创业实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-9-1 units 2-9-1 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.399
也无法获得 15.399

Project-based subject, in which teams of students from MIT and surrounding colleges work with startups on problems of strategic importance to the venture. Lectures provide an introduction to entrepreneurship, and the action learning component allows students to apply their academic knowledge to the problems faced by entrepreneurial firms. Popular sectors include software, hardware, robotics, clean technology, and life sciences. Meets with 15.399 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
基于项目的学科，其中来自麻省理工学院和周边大学的学生团队与初创公司合作解决对企业具有战略重要性的问题。讲座介绍了创业精神，行动学习部分让学生将他们的学术知识应用于创业公司面临的问题。热门领域包括软件、硬件、机器人、清洁技术和生命科学。同时提供时会面 15.399 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

K. Hickey, D. Patel, K. Boucher
K. Hickey， D. Patel， K. Boucher

Finance 金融

**15.401 Managerial Finance

15.401 管理财务**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Introduction to finance from the perspective of business people and finance professionals. Designed to build effective decision-making skills based on sound financial knowledge, focusing on areas such as day-to-day operational issues and management, launching a startup, or negotiating option bonuses. Provides a firm grounding in the modern financial analysis underlying any decision, through three core themes: determining the value of a project, deciding how to finance a project, and managing its risk. Students also hone their ability to negotiate skillfully and speak intelligently about finance. Meets with 15.417 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. Some sections are restricted to graduate students only without the permission of the instructor. See syllabus url for further details.
从商人和金融专业人士的角度介绍金融。旨在基于扎实的金融知识培养有效的决策技能，专注于日常运营问题和管理、启动初创公司或谈判期权奖金等领域。通过三个核心主题，为任何决策的现代财务分析提供坚实的基础：确定项目的价值、决定如何为项目融资以及管理其风险。学生还磨练了他们巧妙谈判和聪明地谈论金融的能力。同时提供时会面 15.417 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。某些部分仅限于研究生，未经教师许可。有关更多详细信息，请参阅教学大纲 url。

L. Schmidt, L. Mota, E. Lazarus, T. Choukhmane
L. Schmidt， L. Mota， E. Lazarus， T. Choukhmane

15.402 Corporate Finance 15.402 公司财务

Prereq: 15.401 先决条件： 15.401
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.418
也无法获得 15.418

Introduction to corporate finance which focuses on financing a firm through turbulence, for innovation, and for growth. Primarily uses case studies to introduce financial analytical tools needed to make real-world value-enhancing business decisions across many industries: how to decide which projects to invest in, how to finance those investments, and how to manage the cash flows of the firm. Meets with 15.418 when offered concurrently.
公司财务概论，重点是在动荡中为公司提供资金，以促进创新和增长。主要使用案例研究来介绍在许多行业中做出实际价值增强业务决策所需的财务分析工具：如何决定投资哪些项目、如何为这些投资融资以及如何管理公司的现金流。同时提供时会面 15.418 。

P. Asquith, M. Farboodi, C. Palmer
P. Asquith， M. Farboodi， C. Palmer

**15.403 Introduction to the Practice of Finance

15.403 金融实践简介**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring; first half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期上半学期）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Explores various career paths within the finance industry, from private equity to public policy, FinTech to social impact, investment banking to investment management, corporate finance to venture capital. Students engage with industry professionals about the challenges they face and how their part of the industry is changing. They also network with peers to discover the challenges and rewards associated with various careers, and explore how coursework connects with industry practice. Priority given in the fall term to MBA students in the MIT Sloan Finance Certificate program.
探索金融行业的各种职业道路，从私募股权到公共政策，从金融科技到社会影响，从投资银行到投资管理，从公司财务到风险投资。学生与行业专业人士交流，了解他们面临的挑战以及他们在行业中的作用如何变化。他们还与同行建立联系，以发现与各种职业相关的挑战和回报，并探索课程如何与行业实践联系起来。秋季学期优先考虑麻省理工学院斯隆金融证书课程的 MBA 学生。

T. Bertsekas T. 贝塞卡斯

**15.410 Finance Ethics & Regulation

15.410 金融道德与监管**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Explores a range of ethical issues and challenges that arise in organizations and financial practice. Provides fundamental theories typically used to evaluate ethical dilemmas and references both real situations and hypothetical examples. Highlights the importance of ethical values and their impact on financial regulation for professional practice. Discusses the various factors that influence ethical behavior, such as family, religious values, personal standards and needs, senior leadership behavior, norms among colleagues, organizational expressed and implicit standards, and broader community values. Restricted to students in the Master of Finance Program.
探讨组织和金融实践中出现的一系列道德问题和挑战。提供通常用于评估道德困境的基本理论，并参考真实情况和假设示例。强调道德价值观的重要性及其对专业实践金融监管的影响。讨论影响道德行为的各种因素，例如家庭、宗教价值观、个人标准和需求、高级领导行为、同事之间的规范、组织明示和隐含的标准以及更广泛的社区价值观。仅限金融硕士课程的学生。

J. Cohen, E. Golding J. Cohen， E. 戈尔丁

**15.414 Financial Management

15.414 财务管理**

Prereq: 15.511 先决条件： 15.511
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.724
也无法获得 15.724

Provides a rigorous introduction to corporate finance and capital markets, with an emphasis on applications vital to corporate managers. Exposes students to the major financial decisions made by leaders within a firm and to the ways the firm interacts with investors, with a focus on valuation. Topics include project and company valuation, measuring risk and return, stock pricing, corporate financing policy, the cost of capital, and risk management. Presents a broad overview of both theory and practice. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
提供对公司财务和资本市场的严格介绍，重点介绍对公司经理至关重要的应用程序。让学生了解公司内部领导者做出的重大财务决策以及公司与投资者互动的方式，重点是估值。主题包括项目和公司估值、衡量风险和回报、股票定价、公司融资政策、资本成本和风险管理。对理论和实践进行了广泛的概述。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

E. Verner E. 韦尔纳

**15.415 Foundations of Modern Finance

15.415 现代金融基础**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
6-0-9 units 6-0-9 单位

Core theory of capital markets and corporate finance. Topics include functions and operations of capital markets, analysis of consumption-investment decisions of investors, valuation theory, financial securities, risk analysis, portfolio theory, pricing models of risky assets, theory of efficient markets, as well as investment, financing and risk management decisions of firms. Provides a theoretical foundation of finance and its applications. Restricted to students in the Master of Finance Program.
资本市场和公司金融的核心理论。主题包括资本市场的功能和运作、投资者消费投资决策分析、估值理论、金融证券、风险分析、投资组合理论、风险资产定价模型、有效市场理论以及公司的投融资和风险管理决策。提供金融及其应用的理论基础。仅限金融硕士课程的学生。

L. Kogan, J. Wang L. Kogan， J. Wang

**15.417 Laboratory in Investments

15.417 投资实验室**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-3-9 units. Institute LAB
3-3-9 个单位。研究所实验室

Introduction to finance with a lab component that puts theory into practice. Designed to build effective decision-making skills for business and to develop hands-on analytical techniques that are used by investment managers and traders. Lectures provide a firm grounding in financial analysis--determining the value of a decision, deciding how to finance a project, and assessing its risk. Lab sessions introduce students to modern tools and methods used in financial markets. Through team projects, students develop and test asset-pricing models, forecasting methods, and investment strategies using real-world market data. Provides instruction in writing and speaking from a financial perspective. Meets with 15.401 when offered concurrently.
金融入门，包括将理论付诸实践的实验室部分。旨在为企业建立有效的决策技能，并开发投资经理和交易员使用的动手分析技术。讲座为财务分析提供了坚实的基础——确定决策的价值，决定如何为项目融资，并评估其风险。实验课程向学生介绍金融市场中使用的现代工具和方法。通过团队项目，学生使用真实市场数据开发和测试资产定价模型、预测方法和投资策略。从财务角度提供写作和口语指导。同时提供时会面 15.401 。

P. Mende P. 门德

**15.418 Laboratory in Corporate Finance

15.418 公司金融实验室**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.501
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.501
U (Fall) U （秋季）
4-2-9 units. Institute LAB
4-2-9 个单位。研究所实验室
Credit cannot also be received for 15.402
也无法获得 15.402

Introduction to corporate finance. Classroom portion primarily uses case studies to introduce financial analytical tools needed to make real-world value-enhancing business decisions across many industries: how to decide which projects to invest in, how to finance those investments, and how to manage the cash flows of the firm. Laboratory sessions are organized around team valuation projects, such as valuation of an oil field and analysis of a potential merger between two public firms proposed by student teams. Projects require extensive use of financial databases. Laboratory sessions also provide instruction on writing and speaking on financial topics. Meets with 15.402 when offered concurrently.
公司财务概论。课堂部分主要使用案例研究来介绍在许多行业中做出现实世界价值增强业务决策所需的财务分析工具：如何决定投资哪些项目、如何为这些投资融资以及如何管理公司的现金流。实验室会议围绕团队估值项目组织，例如油田估值和分析学生团队提议的两家上市公司之间的潜在合并。项目需要广泛使用财务数据库。实验室课程还提供有关金融主题的写作和演讲的指导。同时提供时会面 15.402 。

C. Palmer C. 帕尔默

15.425 Corporate Finance 15.425 公司财务

Prereq: 15.415 先决条件： 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Foundational, applied course providing instruction in the tools and techniques of corporate financial management from the perspective of the CFO. Case studies present the financial tools needed to make value-enhancing business decisions: how to decide which projects to invest in, how to finance those investments, and how to manage the cash flows of the firm. Topics include capital budgeting, investment decisions and valuation; working capital management, security issues; dividend policy; optimal capital structure; and real options analysis. Restricted to students in the Master of Finance Program.
基础应用课程，从 CFO 的角度提供公司财务管理工具和技术的指导。案例研究介绍了做出增值业务决策所需的金融工具：如何决定投资哪些项目、如何为这些投资提供资金以及如何管理公司的现金流。主题包括资本预算、投资决策和估值;营运资金管理、安全问题;股息政策;最优资本结构;和实物期权分析。仅限金融硕士课程的学生。

P. Asquith, L. Weiss P. Asquith， L. Weiss

**15.426[J] Real Estate Finance and Investment

15.426[J] 房地产金融与投资**

Same subject as 11.431[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.431[J]
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

See description under subject 11.431[J]. Limited to graduate students.
请参阅 主题 11.431[J] 下的描述 。仅限研究生。

W. Torous W. 托鲁斯

**15.429[J] Securitization of Mortgages and Other Assets

15.429[J] 抵押贷款和其他资产的证券化**

Same subject as 11.353[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.353[J]
Prereq: 11.431[J], 15.401, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 11.431[J] ， 15.401 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

See description under subject 11.353[J]. Limited to 55.
请参阅 主题 11.353[J] 下的描述 。限制为 55。

W. Torous W. 托鲁斯

**15.431 Entrepreneurial Finance and Venture Capital

15.431 创业金融和风险投资**

Prereq: 15.402, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.402 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.4311
也无法获得 15.4311

Examines the elements of entrepreneurial finance, focusing on technology-based start-up ventures, and the early stages of company development. Addresses key questions which challenge all entrepreneurs: how much money can and should be raised; when should it be raised and from whom; what is a reasonable valuation of a company; and how funding, employment contracts and exit decisions should be structured. Aims to prepare students for these decisions, both as entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. In-depth analysis of the structure of the private equity industry. Meets with 15.4311 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria for graduate students will differ from those of undergraduates; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
研究创业金融的要素，重点关注基于技术的初创企业，以及公司发展的早期阶段。解决所有企业家都面临的关键问题：可以而且应该筹集多少资金;什么时候应该筹集，从谁那里筹集;什么是公司的合理估值;以及应该如何构建资金、雇佣合同和退出决策。旨在让学生作为企业家和风险投资家为这些决定做好准备。对私募股权行业的结构进行深入分析。同时提供时会面 15.4311 。研究生的期望和评估标准将与本科生不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

M. Rhodes-Kropf, T. Liu M. Rhodes-Kropf， T. Liu

**15.4311 Entrepreneurial Finance and Venture Capital

15.4311 创业金融和风险投资**

Prereq: 15.417 先决条件： 15.417
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.431
也无法获得 15.431

Examines the elements of entrepreneurial finance, focusing on technology-based start-up ventures, and the early stages of company development. Addresses key questions which challenge all entrepreneurs: how much money can and should be raised; when should it be raised and from whom; what is a reasonable valuation of a company; and how funding, employment contracts and exit decisions should be structured. Aims to prepare students for these decisions, both as entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. In-depth analysis of the structure of the private equity industry. Meets with 15.431 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria for graduate students will differ from those of undergraduates; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
研究创业金融的要素，重点关注基于技术的初创企业，以及公司发展的早期阶段。解决所有企业家都面临的关键问题：可以而且应该筹集多少资金;什么时候应该筹集，从谁那里筹集;什么是公司的合理估值;以及应该如何构建资金、雇佣合同和退出决策。旨在让学生作为企业家和风险投资家为这些决定做好准备。对私募股权行业的结构进行深入分析。同时提供时会面 15.431 。研究生的期望和评估标准将与本科生不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

M. Rhodes-Kropf, T. Liu M. Rhodes-Kropf， T. Liu

15.433 Financial Markets 15.433 金融市场

Subject meets with 15.4331
对象会见 15.4331
Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Provides students with a solid understanding of key financial markets and the empirical skills and tools used to support decision making. Employs an in-depth, empirically-driven exploration of markets, including equity, fixed income, and derivatives.  Students apply real-world financial data to test and understand financial models, focusing on key risk factors and risk management concerns in these markets, along with the quantitative tools used to analyze risk. Discusses major institutions and players involved in each market, the evolution of the markets, and issues such as liquidity. Meets with 15.4331 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
让学生对关键金融市场以及用于支持决策的实证技能和工具有深入的了解。对市场进行深入的、实证驱动的探索，包括股票、固定收益和衍生品。学生应用现实世界的金融数据来测试和理解金融模型，重点关注这些市场中的关键风险因素和风险管理问题，以及用于分析风险的定量工具。讨论涉及每个市场的主要机构和参与者、市场的演变以及流动性等问题。同时提供时会面 15.4331 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

H. Zhu

**15.4331 Financial Markets

15.4331 金融市场**

Subject meets with 15.433
对象会见 15.433
Prereq: 15.417 先决条件： 15.417
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Provides students with a solid understanding of key financial markets and the empirical skills and tools used to support decision making. Employs an in-depth, empirically-driven exploration of markets, including equity, fixed income, and derivatives.  Students apply real-world financial data to test and understand financial models, focusing on key risk factors and risk management concerns in these markets, along with the quantitative tools used to analyze risk. Discusses major institutions and players involved in each market, the evolution of the markets, and issues such as liquidity. Meets with 15.433 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. Preference to Course 15 students.
让学生对关键金融市场以及用于支持决策的实证技能和工具有深入的了解。对市场进行深入的、实证驱动的探索，包括股票、固定收益和衍生品。学生应用现实世界的金融数据来测试和理解金融模型，重点关注这些市场中的关键风险因素和风险管理问题，以及用于分析风险的定量工具。讨论涉及每个市场的主要机构和参与者、市场的演变以及流动性等问题。同时提供时会面 15.433 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。优先考虑 Course 15 学生。

H. Zhu

**15.434 Advanced Corporate Finance

15.434 高级公司财务**

Prereq: 15.402, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.402 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.4341
也无法获得 15.4341

Exposes students to advanced application of tools and techniques of corporate financial management. Covers complex valuations, modelling of capital structure decisions, financial restructuring, analysis and modelling of merger transactions, and real options. Additional topics include security design, choice of financial instruments, pricing of convertible bonds and convertible preferred stocks. Also covers project finance and other hybrid financing facilities.
让学生接触公司财务管理工具和技术的高级应用。涵盖复杂估值、资本结构决策建模、财务重组、合并交易分析和建模以及实物期权。其他主题包括证券设计、金融工具的选择、可转换债券和可转换优先股的定价。还包括项目融资和其他混合融资工具。

E. Matveyev E. 马特维耶夫

**15.4341 Advanced Corporate Finance

15.4341 高级公司财务**

Prereq: 15.418 先决条件： 15.418
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.434
也无法获得 15.434

Exposes students to advanced application of tools and techniques of corporate financial management. Covers complex valuations, modelling of capital structure decisions, financial restructuring, analysis and modelling of merger transactions, and real options. Additional topics include security design, choice of financial instruments, pricing of convertible bonds and convertible preferred stocks. Also covers project finance and other hybrid financing facilities.
让学生接触公司财务管理工具和技术的高级应用。涵盖复杂估值、资本结构决策建模、财务重组、合并交易分析和建模以及实物期权。其他主题包括证券设计、金融工具的选择、可转换债券和可转换优先股的定价。还包括项目融资和其他混合融资工具。

E. Matveyev E. 马特维耶夫

**15.436 Corporate Financial Strategy

15.436 公司财务战略**

Prereq: 15.402, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.402 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Case-based subject that bridges theory and practice in corporate finance, exploring the connection between finance and strategy. Covers a range of transactions and financial engineering steps used by companies to pursue their strategic goals, such as carve-outs, spin-offs, and related tools to break up and refocus business assets; special purpose vehicles to raise non-traditional capital and reconfigure corporate assets and operations; diversification as a financial strategy; control setups such as dual class shares; recapitalizations and strategic use of debt leverage; steps to address financial distress and bankruptcy; and more. Students work in study teams to complete homework assignments and prepare for class discussion. Includes project and team case competition.
以案例为基础的学科，将公司财务的理论与实践联系起来，探索财务与战略之间的联系。涵盖公司用于实现其战略目标的一系列交易和金融工程步骤，例如分拆、分拆以及拆分和重新聚焦业务资产的相关工具;筹集非传统资本和重新配置公司资产和运营的特殊目的公司;多元化作为一种财务策略;控制设置，例如双类共享;资本重组和战略性地使用债务杠杆;解决财务困境和破产的措施;和更多。学生以学习小组的形式完成家庭作业并为课堂讨论做准备。包括项目和团队案例竞赛。

N. Gregory N. 格雷戈里

**15.437 Options and Futures Markets

15.437 期权和期货市场**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.4371
也无法获得 15.4371

Students develop the economic intuition and technical skills necessary to understand how to hedge and price derivatives, and how to use them for investment and risk management purposes. Topics include determinants of forward and futures prices, hedging and synthetic asset creation with futures, uses of options in investment strategies, relation between puts and calls, option valuation using binomial trees and Monte Carlo simulation, advanced hedging techniques, exotic options, and applications to corporate securities and other financial instruments. Meets with 15.4371 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
学生培养必要的经济直觉和技术技能，以了解如何对冲和定价衍生品，以及如何将其用于投资和风险管理目的。主题包括远期和期货价格的决定因素、期货对冲和合成资产创建、期权在投资策略中的使用、看跌期权和看涨期权之间的关系、使用二项式树和蒙特卡洛模拟的期权估值、高级对冲技术、奇异期权以及在公司证券和其他金融工具中的应用。同时提供时会面 15.4371 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

D. Lucas D. 卢卡斯

**15.4371 Options and Futures Markets

15.4371 期权和期货市场**

Prereq: 15.417 先决条件： 15.417
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.437
也无法获得 15.437

Students develop the economic intuition and technical skills necessary to understand how to hedge and price derivatives, and how to use them for investment and risk management purposes. Topics include determinants of forward and futures prices, hedging and synthetic asset creation with futures, uses of options in investment strategies, relation between puts and calls, option valuation using binomial trees and Monte Carlo simulation, advanced hedging techniques, exotic options, and applications to corporate securities and other financial instruments. Meets with 15.437 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
学生培养必要的经济直觉和技术技能，以了解如何对冲和定价衍生品，以及如何将其用于投资和风险管理目的。主题包括远期和期货价格的决定因素、期货对冲和合成资产创建、期权在投资策略中的使用、看跌期权和看涨期权之间的关系、使用二项式树和蒙特卡洛模拟的期权估值、高级对冲技术、奇异期权以及在公司证券和其他金融工具中的应用。同时提供时会面 15.437 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

D. Lucas D. 卢卡斯

**15.438 Fixed Income Securities and Derivatives

15.438 固定收益证券及衍生品**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.4381
也无法获得 15.4381

Develops an overall familiarity with fixed income markets and instruments, and a sophisticated understanding of tools used for valuation, and for quantifying, hedging, and speculating on risk. Topics include duration; convexity; modern approaches to modeling the yield curve; interest rate forwards, futures, swaps and options; credit risk and credit derivatives; mortgages; securitization; with applications to recent market and financial policy developments. Meets with 15.4381 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
全面熟悉固定收益市场和工具，并深入了解用于估值、量化、对冲和推测风险的工具。主题包括持续时间;凸性;模拟收益率曲线的现代方法;利率远期、期货、掉期和期权;信用风险和信用衍生品;抵押 贷款;证券化;适用于最近的市场和金融政策发展。同时提供时会面 15.4381 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

D. Lucas D. 卢卡斯

**15.4381 Fixed Income Securities and Derivatives

15.4381 固定收益证券及衍生品**

Prereq: 15.417 先决条件： 15.417
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.438
也无法获得 15.438

Develops an overall familiarity with fixed income markets and instruments, and a sophisticated understanding of tools used for valuation, and for quantifying, hedging, and speculating on risk. Topics include duration; convexity; modern approaches to modeling the yield curve; interest rate forwards, futures, swaps and options; credit risk and credit derivatives; mortgages; securitization; with applications to recent market and financial policy developments. Meets with 15.438 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
全面熟悉固定收益市场和工具，并深入了解用于估值、量化、对冲和推测风险的工具。主题包括持续时间;凸性;模拟收益率曲线的现代方法;利率远期、期货、掉期和期权;信用风险和信用衍生品;抵押 贷款;证券化;适用于最近的市场和金融政策发展。同时提供时会面 15.438 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

D. Lucas D. 卢卡斯

**15.439 Quantitative Investment Management

15.439 量化投资管理**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Focuses on implementing successful investment strategies - blending academic finance with the practice of investment management employed by the world's most sophisticated (quantitative) investors. Covers the dynamics of behavioral finance and their effects on markets; investment strategies in current use, and how to build and test your own quantitative strategies; portfolio construction and trading, considering transaction costs, risk management, and efficient trade execution; and current trends and regulatory changes. Includes guest lecturers. Requires an understanding of basic statistical and financial concepts.
专注于实施成功的投资策略 - 将学术金融与世界上最成熟（定量）投资者所采用的投资管理实践相结合。涵盖行为金融学的动态及其对市场的影响;当前使用的投资策略，以及如何构建和测试您自己的量化策略;投资组合构建和交易，考虑交易成本、风险管理和高效的交易执行;以及当前趋势和监管变化。包括客座讲师。需要了解基本的统计和财务概念。

M. Rothman M. 罗斯曼

**15.445 Mergers, Acquisitions, and Private Equity

15.445 合并、收购和私募股权**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415; Coreq: 15.402
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415 ;Coreq： 15.402
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.4451
也无法获得 15.4451

Uses case studies to explore the financial aspects of a wide range of corporate mergers and buyout transactions: classic stock and cash mergers; minority squeeze-outs; company sale process and auction design; hostile takeover law and strategy; the structuring, financing and valuation of leveraged buyouts; the structure, history and returns of private equity buyout funds; publicly traded private equity firms; and more. Includes guest lectures on the practices and tools used in private equity and M&A. Students participate in group work, both in and out of class, including a full-term project involving the mock sale of a company. Meets with 15.4451 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria for graduate students differ from those of undergraduates; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
使用案例研究来探索各种公司合并和收购交易的财务方面：经典的股票和现金合并;少数族裔排挤;公司出售流程和拍卖设计;敌意收购法律和策略;杠杆收购的结构、融资和估值;私募股权收购基金的结构、历史和回报;公开交易的私募股权公司;和更多。包括关于私募股权和并购中使用的实践和工具的客座讲座。学生在课堂内外参与小组工作，包括一个涉及模拟出售公司的全职项目。同时提供时会面 15.4451 。研究生的期望和评估标准与本科生不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

N. Gregory N. 格雷戈里

**15.4451 Mergers, Acquisitions, and Private Equity

15.4451 合并、收购和私募股权**

Prereq: 15.417; Coreq: 15.418
先决条件： 15.417 ;Coreq： 15.418
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.445
也无法获得 15.445

Uses case studies to explore the financial aspects of a wide range of corporate mergers and buyout transactions: classic stock and cash mergers; minority squeeze-outs; company sale process and auction design; hostile takeover law and strategy; the structuring, financing and valuation of leveraged buyouts; the structure, history and returns of private equity buyout funds; publicly traded private equity firms; and more. Includes guest lectures on the practices and tools used in private equity and M&A. Students participate in group work, both in and out of class, including a full-term project involving the mock sale of a company. Meets with 15.445 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria for graduate students will differ from those of undergraduates; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details. 重试  错误原因

N. Gregory N. 格雷戈里

**15.446 Public versus Private Capital Markets

15.446 公共与私人资本市场**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.402, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.401 ， 15.402 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Reviews the merits and trade-offs of public versus private capital markets, which have witnessed tremendous growth over the last decade, from a corporate governance standpoint. Specific phenomena affecting public companies, such as shareholder activism and passive investing, are also considered. Uses corporate case studies for extensive analysis and discussion.
从公司治理的角度回顾了公共与私人资本市场的优点和权衡，公共资本市场与私人资本市场在过去十年中见证了巨大的增长。还考虑了影响上市公司的具体现象，例如股东激进主义和被动投资。使用公司案例研究进行广泛的分析和讨论。

P. Novelli  P. 诺维利

**15.447 International Capital Markets

15.447 国际资本市场**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides a strategic framework for current and future finance leaders — with domestic or multinational startups, established companies, investment banks or asset management firms — for investing and operating in international capital markets. Covers the determination of rates of returns within countries and internationally, including how financial institutions affect returns and how to trade and hedge international risks including debt crises. Incorporates real-world events into interactive discussions.
为当前和未来的金融领导者（包括国内或跨国初创公司、成熟公司、投资银行或资产管理公司）提供在国际资本市场投资和运营的战略框架。涵盖确定国内和国际回报率，包括金融机构如何影响回报以及如何交易和对冲包括债务危机在内的国际风险。将现实世界的事件纳入交互式讨论。

J. Parker J. 帕克

**15.448-15.449 Seminar in Finance

15.448-15.449 金融研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to finance.
与金融相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Staff 员工

**15.450 Analytics of Finance

15.450 金融分析**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
5-0-7 units 5-0-7 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.457
也无法获得 15.457

Introduces a set of modern analytical tools that specifically target finance applications. Topics include statistical inference, financial time series, event study analysis, and basic machine learning techniques for forecasting. Focuses on how to apply these tools for financial and macro forecasting, quantitative trading, risk management, and fintech innovations such as Kensho's "financial answer machine'' and big-data lending platforms. 15.457 is a more advanced version of 15.450. Students with solid background in statistics and proficiency in programming are encouraged to register for 15.457.
介绍一组专门针对财务应用程序的现代分析工具。主题包括统计推断、金融时间序列、事件研究分析和用于预测的基本机器学习技术。重点介绍如何将这些工具应用于金融和宏观预测、量化交易、风险管理和金融科技创新，例如 Kensho 的“金融回答机”和大数据借贷平台。 15.457 是 的更高级版本 15.450 。我们鼓励具有扎实的统计学背景和熟练编程能力的学生注册 15.457 。

H. Chen 陈海

**15.451 Proseminar in Capital Markets/Investment Management

15.451 资本市场/投资管理专题研讨会**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Provides a unique opportunity to tackle original research problems in capital market analysis and investment management that have been posed by leading experts from the financial community. Students are assigned to teams, and each team is assigned one such problem. Teams present their solutions at a seminar which is attended by representatives of the sponsoring organization and open to the entire MIT community. Not open to students from other institutions.
提供独特的机会来解决金融界领先专家提出的资本市场分析和投资管理方面的原创研究问题。学生被分配到小组，每个小组被分配到一个这样的问题。团队在研讨会上展示他们的解决方案，赞助组织的代表将参加该研讨会，并向整个 MIT 社区开放。不对其他机构的学生开放。

M. Kritzman M. 克里茨曼

**15.452 Proseminar in Corporate Finance/Investment Banking/Private Equity

15.452 公司财务/投资银行/私募股权研讨会**

Prereq: 15.402, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.402 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

This action learning course provides an opportunity to bring theory into practice by working on projects sponsored by leaders in corporate finance, investment banking, and private equity. Students work in teams to analyze and problem-solve, culminating in reports which teams present to sponsors for evaluation and feedback. Develops and hones skills required to distill the complexity of a real-world finance problems and to provide an insightful solution that is sensitive to the full context. Recent project sponsors include leading investment banks (Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan), private equity firms (Apollo, KKR, Carlyle), and consulting firms (McKinsey, Bain PE group). Not open to students from other institutions. Enrollment by application only.
这个行动学习课程提供了一个机会，通过参与由公司金融、投资银行和私募股权领导者赞助的项目，将理论付诸实践。学生以团队形式进行分析和解决问题，最终形成报告，团队将报告提交给赞助商进行评估和反馈。培养和磨练提炼现实世界财务问题的复杂性所需的技能，并提供对整个环境敏感的有洞察力的解决方案。最近的项目发起人包括领先的投资银行（高盛、摩根大通）、私募股权公司（Apollo、KKR、Carlyle）和咨询公司（麦肯锡、贝恩私募股权集团）。不对其他机构的学生开放。仅通过应用程序注册。

E. Matveyev E. 马特维耶夫

15.453 Finance Lab 15.453 金融实验室

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (IAP, Spring; first half of term)
G（IAP，春季;学期上半年）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Bridges theory and practice, providing students with an immersive research and analysis experience during IAP followed by a classroom segment in the first half of spring term. Students work with leading industry practitioners and a diverse cross-section of students on collaborative teams, focusing on topical, real-world finance research questions posed by the practitioners. Teams then deliver a nuanced analysis and report findings, gaining insight and coaching from the experts. Practitioners represent a range of financial institutions, including investment management, hedge funds, private equity, venture capital, risk, and consulting. Examples of project topics include equity and fixed income research, trading, risk analysis, venture capital valuation, private equity due diligence, and fundamental industry analysis. Application required; restricted to MIT students.
将理论与实践联系起来，在 IAP 期间为学生提供身临其境的研究和分析体验，然后在春季学期的前半段进行课堂部分。学生与领先的行业从业者和不同领域的学生在协作团队中合作，专注于从业者提出的热门、现实世界的金融研究问题。然后，团队提供细致入微的分析并报告结果，从专家那里获得见解和指导。从业人员来自一系列金融机构，包括投资管理、对冲基金、私募股权、风险投资、风险和咨询。项目主题的示例包括股票和固定收益研究、交易、风险分析、风险资本估值、私募股权尽职调查和基本行业分析。需要申请;仅限麻省理工学院学生。

G. Rao G. 饶

**15.454 Financial Mathematics

15.454 金融数学**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Covers fundamental mathematics essential for the study of modern finance: probability, stochastic processes, linear algebra, statistics, optimization, and basic programming in R. Restricted to students in the Master of Finance Program.
涵盖现代金融研究所必需的基础数学：概率、随机过程、线性代数、统计、优化和 R 中的基本编程。仅限于金融硕士课程的学生。

P. Mende P. 门德

**15.455 Advanced Mathematical Methods for Financial Engineering

15.455 金融工程的高级数学方法**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Covers advanced mathematical topics essential for financial engineering and quantitative finance: linear algebra, optimization, probability, stochastic processes, statistics, and basic programming in R. Covers topics at a more advanced level and at a faster pace than 15.454. Restricted to students in the Master of Finance Program.
涵盖金融工程和定量金融学所必需的高级数学主题：线性代数、优化、概率、随机过程、统计和 R 中的基本编程。涵盖比 更高级、速度更快的主题 15.454 。仅限金融硕士课程的学生。

P. Mende P. 门德

**15.456 Financial Engineering

15.456 金融工程**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Exposes students to the cutting edge of financial engineering. Includes a deep immersion into 'how things work,' where students develop and test sophisticated computational models and solve highly complex financial problems. Covers stochastic modeling, dynamic optimization, stochastic calculus and Monte Carlo simulation through topics such as dynamic asset pricing and investment management, market equilibrium and portfolio choice with frictions and constraints, and risk management. Assumes solid undergraduate-level background in calculus, probability, statistics, and programming and includes a substantial coding component. Classroom examples presented using Python and R.
让学生接触到金融工程的前沿。包括深度沉浸在 “事情如何运作 ”中，学生在这里开发和测试复杂的计算模型，并解决高度复杂的财务问题。涵盖随机建模、动态优化、随机演算和蒙特卡洛模拟，主题包括动态资产定价和投资管理、市场均衡和带有摩擦和约束的投资组合选择以及风险管理。假设在微积分、概率、统计学和编程方面具有扎实的本科水平背景，并包括大量的编码组件。使用 Python 和 R 呈现的课堂示例。

L. Kogan, P. Mende L. Kogan， P. Mende

**15.457 Advanced Analytics of Finance

15.457 财务高级分析**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
5-0-7 units 5-0-7 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.450
也无法获得 15.450

Introduces a set of modern analytical tools that specifically target finance applications. Topics include statistical inference, financial time series, event study analysis, and machine learning techniques. Focuses on how to apply these tools for financial and macro forecasting, quantitative trading, risk management, and fintech innovations such as big-data lending and robo-advisors. 15.457 is a more advanced version of 15.450. Students with a solid background in statistics and proficiency in programming are encouraged to register for 15.457.
介绍一组专门针对财务应用程序的现代分析工具。主题包括统计推断、金融时间序列、事件研究分析和机器学习技术。重点介绍如何将这些工具应用于金融和宏观预测、量化交易、风险管理以及金融科技创新，例如大数据借贷和机器人顾问。 15.457 是 的更高级版本 15.450 。我们鼓励具有扎实的统计学背景和熟练编程能力的学生注册 15.457 。

H. Chen 陈海

**15.458 Financial Data Science and Computing

15.458 金融数据科学与计算**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Covers methods of managing data and extracting insights from real-world financial sources. Topics include machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, regression methods, and time series analysis. Applications include algorithmic trading, portfolio risk management, high-frequency market microstructure, and option pricing. Studies major sources of financial data, raw data cleaning, data visualization, and data architecture. Provides instruction in tools used in the financial industry to process massive data sets, including SQL, relational and multidimensional databases. Emphasizes computer implementations throughout.
涵盖管理数据和从实际财务来源中提取见解的方法。主题包括机器学习、自然语言处理、预测分析、回归方法和时间序列分析。应用包括算法交易、投资组合风险管理、高频市场微观结构和期权定价。研究财务数据的主要来源、原始数据清理、数据可视化和数据架构。提供金融行业中用于处理海量数据集的工具的说明，包括 SQL、关系数据库和多维数据库。始终强调计算机实现。

P. Mende P. 门德

**15.465 Alphanomics: A New Approach to Security Analysis

15.465 Alphanomics：证券分析的新方法**

Prereq: 15.401 先决条件： 15.401
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Focuses on investment decisions in the presence of noisy market prices. Exposes students to the role of informational arbitrage, whereby some agents invest resources to become informed about mispricing (i.e., noise) relative to fundamental values, with hopes of profiting from it. Explains the practice of active investing, the relation between information flows and market pricing dynamics, and the roles of retail investors. Topics included derive from financial economics: market efficiency, cognitive constraints, limits to arbitrage, quantitative stock selection; and accounting-based research: equity valuation, fundamental analysis, and the role of financial analysts.
专注于在嘈杂的市场价格存在下的投资决策。让学生接触到信息套利的作用，即一些代理人投入资源来了解相对于基本价值的错误定价（即噪音），并希望从中获利。解释主动投资的实践、信息流与市场定价动态之间的关系以及散户投资者的作用。包括的主题源自金融经济学：市场效率、认知约束、套利限制、定量选股;以及基于会计的研究：股票估值、基本面分析和金融分析师的作用。

E. So E.所以

**15.466 Functional and Strategic Finance

15.466 职能和战略财务**

Prereq: 15.433 or 15.437
Prereq： 15.433 或 15.437
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Applies finance science and financial engineering tools and theory to the design and management of global financial institutions, markets, and the financial system to better understand the dynamics of institutional change and financial product/service design. Focuses on foundational analytical tools students will rely upon throughout their careers - derivative pricing and risk measurement; portfolio analysis and risk accounting; and performance measurement to analyze and implement concepts and new product ideas. Examines the needs of government as user, producer and overseer of the financial system, and how tools are applied to measure and manage risks in financial and other economic crises (e.g. 1973-1975 vs. 2007-2009 vs. 2020-2022). Preference to MBA and MFin students.
将金融科学和金融工程工具和理论应用于全球金融机构、市场和金融体系的设计和管理，以更好地了解机构变革和金融产品/服务设计的动态。专注于学生在整个职业生涯中将依赖的基础分析工具 - 衍生品定价和风险衡量;投资组合分析和风险会计;以及绩效测量，以分析和实施概念和新产品创意。研究政府作为金融体系的使用者、生产者和监督者的需求，以及如何应用工具来衡量和管理金融和其他经济危机中的风险（例如 1973-1975 年与 2007-2009 年与 2020-2022 年）。优先考虑 MBA 和 MFin 学生。

R. Merton R. 默顿

**15.467 Asset Management, Lifecycle Investing, and Retirement Finance

15.467 资产管理、生命周期投资和退休金融**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Applies finance science and financial engineering tools and theory to asset management, lifecycle investing, and retirement finance. Focuses on foundational analytical tools students will rely upon throughout their careers - derivative pricing and risk measurement, portfolio analysis and risk accounting, and performance measurement to analyze and implement concepts and new product ideas. Students should be comfortable with portfolio-selection theory, CAPM, option pricing, futures, swaps, and other derivative securities. 15.433 is a strongly recommended co-requisite. Preference to MBA and MFin students.
将金融科学和金融工程工具和理论应用于资产管理、生命周期投资和退休金融。侧重于学生在整个职业生涯中将依赖的基础分析工具 - 衍生品定价和风险衡量、投资组合分析和风险会计以及绩效衡量，以分析和实施概念和新产品创意。学生应该熟悉投资组合选择理论、CAPM、期权定价、期货、掉期和其他衍生证券。 15.433 是强烈建议的共同要求。优先考虑 MBA 和 MFin 学生。

R. Merton R. 默顿

15.470[J] Asset Pricing 15.470[J] 资产定价

Same subject as 14.416[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.416[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Provides a foundation in the neoclassical theory of finance that underlies more advanced study. Covers arbitrage asset pricing, optimal consumption-portfolio choices, neo-classic theory of corporate finance, static equilibrium models of asset pricing, asymmetric information, and dynamic modeling. Prepares students for further study of asset pricing theories, corporate finance and econometric work in finance. Primarily for doctoral students in finance, economics, and accounting.
为新古典金融理论奠定基础，为更高级的研究奠定基础。涵盖套利资产定价、最佳消费投资组合选择、公司财务的新古典理论、资产定价的静态均衡模型、不对称信息和动态建模。为学生进一步学习资产定价理论、公司财务和金融计量经济学工作做好准备。主要面向金融、经济学和会计学的博士生。

L. Schmidt, L. Mota L. 施密特， L. 莫塔

**15.471[J] Corporate Finance

15.471[J] 公司财务**

Same subject as 14.441[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.441[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Provides an introduction to the basic theoretical and empirical contributions in corporate finance. Covers capital structure, corporate governance and agency problems, the market for corporate control, investments and financing frictions, banking and financial intermediation, and other selected topics. Exposes students to the key methodological tools in modern corporate finance. Primarily for doctoral students in finance, economics, and accounting.
介绍公司财务的基本理论和实证贡献。涵盖资本结构、公司治理和代理问题、公司控制市场、投资和融资摩擦、银行和金融中介以及其他选定主题。让学生接触到现代公司财务的关键方法工具。主要面向金融、经济学和会计学的博士生。

A. Schoar, M. Farboodi A. Schoar， M. Farboodi

**15.472[J] Advanced Asset Pricing

15.472[J] 高级资产定价**

Same subject as 14.442[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.442[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Focuses on solving, estimating, and empirically evaluating theoretical models of asset prices and financial markets, as well as their microeconomic foundations and macroeconomic implications. Discusses theory and econometric methods, the state of the literature, and recent developments and empirical evidence. Covers topics such as cross-sectional and time-series models, consumption-based and intermediary-based models, financial institutions, household finance, housing, behavioral finance, financial crises, and continuous-time tools and applications. Students complete a short term paper and a presentation. Primarily for doctoral students in finance, economics, and accounting.
侧重于求解、估计和实证评估资产价格和金融市场的理论模型，以及它们的微观经济基础和宏观经济影响。讨论理论和计量经济学方法、文献状况以及最近的发展和实证证据。涵盖的主题包括横截面和时间序列模型、基于消费和基于中介的模型、金融机构、家庭金融、住房、行为金融学、金融危机以及连续时间工具和应用程序。学生完成一篇短期论文和一份演讲。主要面向金融、经济学和会计学的博士生。

J. Parker J. 帕克

**15.473[J] Advanced Corporate Finance

15.473[J] 高级公司财务**

Same subject as 14.440[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.440[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Builds on 15.471[J] and considers further topics that are at the frontier of corporate finance research. Topics covered include: aggregate effects of financing frictions, financial intermediation, financial distress and bankruptcy, structural estimation of corporate finance models, entrepreneurial finance, venture capital and private equity, and other selected topics. Primarily for doctoral students in finance, economics, and accounting.
建立 15.471[J] 并考虑公司财务研究前沿的进一步主题。涵盖的主题包括：融资摩擦的综合效应、金融中介、财务困境和破产、公司财务模型的结构估计、创业融资、风险投资和私募股权，以及其他选定的主题。主要面向金融、经济学和会计学的博士生。

A. Schoar, D. Thesmar, C. Palmer
A. Schoar， D. Thesmar， C. Palmer

**15.474[J] Current Topics in Finance

15.474[J] 金融时事**

Same subject as 14.448[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.448[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Faculty present their current research in a wide variety of topics in finance. Provides a rapid overview of the literature, an in-depth presentation of selected contributions, and a list of potential research ideas for each topic. Faculty rotate every year to cover new topics. Primarily for doctoral students in accounting, economics, and finance.
教师们展示了他们目前在金融领域各种主题中的研究。提供文献的快速概述、所选贡献的深入介绍以及每个主题的潜在研究思路列表。教师每年轮换以涵盖新主题。主要面向会计、经济学和金融学的博士生。

Consult J. Alton 咨询 J. Alton

**15.475[J] Current Research in Financial Economics

15.475[J] 金融经济学研究现状**

Same subject as 14.449[J]
与 Subject 相同 14.449[J]
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Advanced seminar intended for PhD students interested in finance. Topics and papers vary by term, following the latest research in academia and in correlation with the weekly finance faculty research seminar. Each week, students will critically review the contributions, method of analysis, and presentation of evidence of existing research; one session is devoted to preparing for the finance seminar, while the other session discusses further work on the same topic. Restricted to doctoral students.
面向对金融感兴趣的博士生的高级研讨会。主题和论文因学期而异，遵循学术界的最新研究，并与每周的金融学院研究研讨会相关。每周，学生将批判性地回顾现有研究的贡献、分析方法和证据的呈现;一个部分专门为财务研讨会做准备，而另一个部分则讨论同一主题的进一步工作。仅限博士生。

Consult J. Alton 咨询 J. Alton

**15.480[J] Science and Business of Biotechnology

15.480[J] 生物技术的科学与商业**

Same subject as 7.546[J], 20.586[J]
与 7.546[J] 相同的主题 ， 20.586[J]
Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.401; permission of instructor
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.401 ;教师权限
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

See description under subject 7.546[J].
请参阅 主题 7.546[J] 下的描述 。

J. Chen, A. Koehler, A. Lo, H. Lodish
J. Chen， A. Koehler， A. Lo， H. Lodish

**15.481[J] Financial Market Dynamics and Human Behavior

15.481[J] 金融市场动态和人类行为**

Same subject as 6.9350[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.9350[J]
Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位

Drawing on the latest research in psychology, evolutionary biology, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence, as well as in behavioral and mainstream financial economics, provides new perspectives and insights into the role that human behavior plays in the business environment and the dynamics of financial markets and institutions. Incorporates practical applications from several industries including finance, insurance, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and government policy. Students apply ideas from this perspective to formulate original hypotheses regarding new career opportunities and disruptive technologies in their industry of choice. Enrollment may be limited; preference to Sloan graduate students.
借鉴心理学、进化生物学、神经科学和人工智能以及行为和主流金融经济学的最新研究，为人类行为在商业环境中的作用以及金融市场和机构的动态提供了新的视角和见解。整合了来自多个行业（包括金融、保险、生物技术、制药和政府政策）的实际应用。学生从这个角度应用想法，就他们选择的行业中的新职业机会和颠覆性技术提出原创假设。入学人数可能会受到限制;优先于斯隆研究生。

A. Lo A. 罗

**15.482 Healthcare Finance

15.482 医疗保健金融**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, 15.415, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 15.415 ， 或 教师权限
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Covers the role of finance in the biotech and pharmaceutical industries; specifically, the application of novel financing methods and business structures to facilitate drug discovery, clinical development, and greater patient access to high-cost therapies. Topics include basic financial analysis for the life-sciences professional; risks and returns in the biopharma industries; the mechanics of biotech startup financing; capital budgeting for biopharma companies; and applications of financial engineering in modern healthcare investment strategies and institutions. Develops a systemic framework for addressing the biggest challenges in the biomedical ecosystem. Enrollment may be limited; preference to Sloan graduate students.
涵盖金融在生物技术和制药行业中的作用;具体来说，应用新的融资方法和业务结构来促进药物发现、临床开发，并让更多患者获得高成本疗法。主题包括生命科学专业人士的基本财务分析;生物制药行业的风险和回报;生物技术创业融资的机制;生物制药公司的资本预算;以及金融工程在现代医疗保健投资策略和机构中的应用。开发一个系统框架，以应对生物医学生态系统中的最大挑战。入学人数可能会受到限制;优先于斯隆研究生。

A. Lo A. 罗

**15.483 Consumer Finance and FinTech

15.483 消费金融和金融科技**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores consumer finance and the ways in which financial innovation and new technologies disrupt the financial services industry, leading to material change in business models and product design in financial markets. Provides a solid understanding of rational and behavioral aspects of consumer decision-making and how the players, products, funding markets, regulatory frameworks, and fundamentals all interact to shape ever-changing consumer financial markets, including consumer debt, investment, transactions, and advising markets. Covers past and current innovations and technologies ranging from peer-to-peer lending, AI, deep learning, cryptocurrencies, blockchain technology, and open API's, to the role of FinTech startups. A combination of case studies, guest speakers and group discussion provide real-world insight and interactivity, while special review sessions help hone technical skills.
探讨消费金融以及金融创新和新技术如何颠覆金融服务行业，导致金融市场的商业模式和产品设计发生重大变化。提供对消费者决策的理性和行为方面的深刻理解，以及参与者、产品、融资市场、监管框架和基本面如何相互作用以塑造不断变化的消费金融市场，包括消费者债务、投资、交易和咨询市场。涵盖过去和当前的创新和技术，从点对点借贷、人工智能、深度学习、加密货币、区块链技术和开放 API，到金融科技初创公司的角色。案例研究、嘉宾演讲和小组讨论相结合，提供真实世界的洞察力和互动性，而特别的回顾会议有助于磨练技术技能。

J. Parker J. 帕克

**15.492 Practice of Finance: Crypto Finance

15.492 金融实践：加密金融**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Explores the markets for cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin. Begins with the basics and economics of crypto assets' underlying blockchain technology and then turns to the trading and markets for cryptocurrencies, initial coin offerings, other tokens and crypto derivatives. Students gain an understanding and comparison to traditional finance of the market structure, participants, regulation and dynamics of this relatively new and volatile asset class.
探索加密货币（如比特币）的市场。从加密资产底层区块链技术的基础知识和经济学开始，然后转向加密货币、首次代币发行、其他代币和加密衍生品的交易和市场。学生可以理解并与传统金融学比较这一相对较新且波动性强的资产类别的市场结构、参与者、监管和动态。

P. Asquith, Y. Gao P. Asquith， Y. Gao

**15.493 Practice of Finance: Perspectives on Investment Management

15.493 金融实践：投资管理视角**

Prereq: 15.402, 15.414, or 15.415
先决条件： 15.402 ， 15.414 ， 或 15.415
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides an overview of the investment management industry and an introduction to business fundamentals and valuation. Students read company analyst reports, write papers analyzing various companies, and complete an in-depth company analysis as a final paper. Includes presentations by outside speakers in the investment management industry. Class attendance is mandatory.
提供投资管理行业的概述以及业务基础知识和估值的介绍。学生阅读公司分析报告，撰写分析各种公司的论文，并完成深入的公司分析作为最终论文。包括投资管理行业外部演讲者的演讲。上课是强制性的。

J. Shames J. 羞耻

15.497 FinTech Ventures 15.497 金融科技风险投资

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, 15.415, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 15.415 ， 或 教师权限
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Provides a unique opportunity to work through the nuts and bolts of developing a FinTech startup. Students present ideas, ranging from well-thought-out concepts to emerging ones. Students coalesce around the top ideas to form teams. Each week, a new speaker (entrepreneur, legal expert, venture capitalist) addresses relevant topics, while students present progress reports and receive advice and feedback as they develop their plan for the "Demo Day." Teams then deliver a final pitch in front of a group of investors. A financial background is not required; alternative (legal, financial, technical, operations, etc.) backgrounds are encouraged to apply, individually or as part of a team. Enrollment by application only.
提供独特的机会来了解发展金融科技初创公司的具体细节。学生提出想法，从经过深思熟虑的概念到新兴的概念。学生们围绕着最热门的想法聚集在一起，组成团队。每周，一位新的演讲者（企业家、法律专家、风险投资家）会讨论相关主题，而学生们在制定“演示日”计划时会提交进度报告并获得建议和反馈。然后，团队在一群投资者面前进行最终推介。不需要财务背景;鼓励具有其他（法律、财务、技术、运营等）背景的人单独或作为团队的一员申请。仅通过应用程序注册。

M. Rhodes-Kropf M. 罗德斯-克罗普夫

**15.499 Practice of Finance: Social Impact Investing

15.499 金融实践：社会影响力投资**

Prereq: 15.401, 15.414, 15.415, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.401 ， 15.414 ， 15.415 ， 或 教师权限
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Deep dive into social impact investing -- an approach intentionally seeking to create financial return and positive social impact that is actively measured. Imparts a solid analytical framework for evaluating the spectrum of social impact investments, including mission related investing. Includes a project which provides practical experience in evaluating an impact enterprise or a public markets ESG strategy. Students gain experience in structuring different types of investments, and critically compare and contrast these investments with traditional mainstream investments, with a view to understanding structural constraints. Designed for students interested in the intersection of finance and social impact. Provides career guidance and networking opportunities.
深入研究社会影响力投资 -- 一种有意识地寻求创造财务回报和积极衡量的积极社会影响的方法。传授一个坚实的分析框架，用于评估社会影响力投资的范围，包括与使命相关的投资。包括一个项目，该项目提供评估影响力企业或公开市场 ESG 战略的实践经验。学生获得构建不同类型投资的经验，并批判性地将这些投资与传统的主流投资进行比较和对比，以期了解结构性约束。专为对金融和社会影响的交叉领域感兴趣的学生而设计。提供职业指导和交流机会。

G. Rao G. 饶

Accounting 会计学

**15.501 Corporate Financial Accounting

15.501 公司财务会计**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.516
也无法获得 15.516

Preparation and analysis of financial statements. Focuses on why financial statements take the form they do, and how they can be used in evaluating corporate performance and solvency and in valuation of corporate securities. Introduces concepts from finance and economics (e.g., cash flow discounting and valuation) and explains their relation to, and use in, accounting. Students taking the graduate version complete additional assignments.
财务报表的编制和分析。重点介绍财务报表为何采用其形式，以及如何将其用于评估公司绩效和偿付能力以及公司证券估值。介绍金融和经济学的概念（例如，现金流贴现和估值），并解释它们与会计的关系和用途。参加研究生版本的学生完成额外的作业。

Staff 员工

**15.511 Financial Accounting

15.511 财务会计**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.515, 15.720
也无法接收 15.515 的积分 。 15.720

Introduces concepts of corporate financial accounting and reporting of information widely used in making investment decisions, corporate and managerial performance assessment, and valuation of firms. Students perform economics-based analysis of accounting information from the viewpoint of the user (especially senior managers) rather than the preparer (the accountant). Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
介绍公司财务会计的概念和广泛用于投资决策、公司和管理绩效评估以及公司估值的信息报告。学生从用户（尤其是高级管理人员）而不是编制者（会计师）的角度对会计信息进行基于经济学的分析。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

S. Kothari S. 科塔里

**15.515 Financial Accounting

15.515 财务会计**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.511, 15.720
也无法接收 15.511 的积分 。 15.720

An intensive introduction to the interpretation of financial information. Adopts a decision-maker perspective of accounting by emphasizing the relation between accounting data and the underlying economic events generating them. Class sessions are a mixture of lecture and case discussion. Assignments include textbook problems, analysis of financial statements, and cases. Restricted to first-year Sloan master's students.
对财务信息解释的深入介绍。通过强调会计数据与产生它们的潜在经济事件之间的关系，采用会计决策者视角。课堂会议是讲座和案例讨论的混合体。作业包括教科书问题、财务报表分析和案例。仅限斯隆硕士一年级学生。

J. Core J. 核心

**15.516 Corporate Financial Accounting

15.516 公司财务会计**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring, Summer) G（秋季、春季、夏季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.501
也无法获得 15.501

See description under subject 15.501. If subject is oversubscribed, priority is given to Course 15 students.
请参阅 主题 15.501 下的描述 。如果科目超额报名，则优先考虑 Course 15 的学生。

Staff 员工

**15.518 Taxes and Business Strategy

15.518 税收和商业战略**

Prereq: 15.501, 15.511, 15.515, or 15.516
先决条件： 15.501 ， 15.511 ， 15.515 ， 或 15.516
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.5181
也无法获得 15.5181

Provides conceptual framework for thinking about taxation and decision-making. Topics include taxation of various investments and types of compensation; retirement planning; considerations for choosing organizational form when starting a business; methods of merging, acquiring, divesting business entities; international tax planning strategies; and high wealth planning and estate tax. Applies current debates on tax policy options and recent tax law changes to class discussions. Intended to show how taxes affect individual investment as well as business decisions. Meets with 15.5181 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria for graduate students will differ from those of undergraduates; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
为思考税收和决策提供概念框架。主题包括各种投资的税收和薪酬类型;退休规划;创业时选择组织形式的注意事项;合并、收购、剥离业务实体的方法;国际税务筹划策略;以及高额财富规划和遗产税。将当前关于税收政策选项的辩论和最近的税法变化应用于课堂讨论。旨在展示税收如何影响个人投资和商业决策。同时提供时会面 15.5181 。研究生的期望和评估标准将与本科生不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

M. Hanlon M. 汉隆

**15.5181 Taxes and Business Strategy

15.5181 税收和商业战略**

Prereq: 15.501 先决条件： 15.501
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.518
也无法获得 15.518

Provides conceptual framework for thinking about taxation and decision-making. Topics include taxation of various investments and types of compensation; retirement planning; considerations for choosing organizational form when starting a business; methods of merging, acquiring, divesting business entities; international tax planning strategies; and high wealth planning and estate tax. Applies current debates on tax policy options and recent tax law changes to class discussions. Intended to show how taxes affect individual investment as well as business decisions. Meets with 15.518 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria for graduate students will differ from those of undergraduates; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
为思考税收和决策提供概念框架。主题包括各种投资的税收和薪酬类型;退休规划;创业时选择组织形式的注意事项;合并、收购、剥离业务实体的方法;国际税务筹划策略;以及高额财富规划和遗产税。将当前关于税收政策选项的辩论和最近的税法变化应用于课堂讨论。旨在展示税收如何影响个人投资和商业决策。同时提供时会面 15.518 。研究生的期望和评估标准将与本科生不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

M. Hanlon M. 汉隆

**15.521 Accounting Information for Decision Makers

15.521 决策者的会计信息**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring; second half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Focuses on how organizations use granular-level information from their accounting systems on a day-to-day basis for two purposes -- making decisions and evaluating those decisions after the fact. The primary audience is students who intend to work as managers or management consultants. Featuring real-world situations from diverse operating environments, course content emphasizes practical skills that can be applied across various functional areas within organizations.
重点介绍组织如何每天使用会计系统中的粒度级信息来实现两个目的 -- 做出决策和事后评估这些决策。主要受众是打算担任经理或管理顾问的学生。课程内容以来自不同操作环境的真实情况为特色，强调可应用于组织内各个职能领域的实用技能。

C. Noe C. 诺伊

**15.535 Business Analysis Using Financial Statements

15.535 使用财务报表进行业务分析**

Prereq: 15.501, 15.511, 15.515, or 15.516; Coreq: 15.401, 15.414, 15.415, or 15.417
先决条件： 15.501 ， 15.511 ， 15.515 ， 或 15.516 ;Coreq： 15.401 、 15.414 、 15.415 或 15.417
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Focuses on the strategic, financial, and accounting analysis of a company by means of historical financial statement data. Also studies financial statement forecasting along with a specific application of forecasting - valuation. Concepts are applied to a number of decision-making contexts, including securities analysis, credit analysis, merger analysis, and company performance assessment.
专注于通过历史财务报表数据对公司进行战略、财务和会计分析。还研究财务报表预测以及预测的特定应用 - 估值。这些概念适用于许多决策环境，包括证券分析、信用分析、合并分析和公司绩效评估。

C. Noe C. 诺伊

**15.539 Doctoral Seminar in Accounting

15.539 会计学博士生研讨会**

Prereq: 15.515 先决条件： 15.515
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Designed primarily for doctoral students in accounting and related fields. The reading list consists of accounting research papers. Objective is to introduce research topics, methodologies, and developments in accounting, and train students to do independent research.
主要面向会计和相关领域的博士生。阅读清单包括会计研究论文。目标是介绍会计的研究主题、方法和发展，并培训学生进行独立研究。

R. Verdi, E. So R. 威尔第，E.所以

**15.540 Theory Studies in Accounting Research

15.540 会计研究理论研究**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Exposes PhD students to theoretical foundations of cutting-edge research in accounting. Rotating modules cover topics on disclosure, contracting, compensation, asset pricing, and investments.
让博士生接触到会计学前沿研究的理论基础。轮换模块涵盖披露、合同、薪酬、资产定价和投资等主题。

E. So, R. Verdi E. So， R. 威尔第

Information Technologies 信息技术

**15.561 Digital Revolution: From Foundations to Future Trends

15.561 数字革命：从基础到未来趋势**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Emphasizes programming in scripting languages (e.g., Python) within the context of emerging trends that underlie current and future uses of digital technologies in business. Provides a solid grasp of programming basics and the foundations of computing. Other topics include web technologies, database systems, digital experimentation (A/B testing), crowdsourcing, digital marketplaces, distributed ledger technologies, and AI.
强调在新兴趋势（例如 Python）的背景下进行编程，这些趋势是当前和未来在商业中使用数字技术的基础。提供对编程基础知识和计算基础知识的扎实掌握。其他主题包括 Web 技术、数据库系统、数字实验（A/B 测试）、众包、数字市场、分布式账本技术和 AI。

A.  Almaatouq, J. Horton A. Almaatouq， J. 霍顿

**15.562 Web3 and Strategy: Blockchain, Metaverse, and NFT Essentials

15.562 Web3 和策略：区块链、元界和 NFT 要点**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Covers how Web3 and the Metaverse impact business strategy, organizations, entrepreneurship, and investing. Lectures and guest speakers discuss blockchain, crypto-assets, decentralized currency design, NFTs, decentralized finance (DeFi) and organizations (DAOs), smart contracts, and the impacts of these technologies on the digital economy and beyond.
涵盖 Web3 和 Metaverse 如何影响商业战略、组织、创业和投资。讲座和演讲嘉宾讨论了区块链、加密资产、去中心化货币设计、NFT、去中心化金融 （DeFi） 和组织 （DAO）、智能合约，以及这些技术对数字经济及其他方面的影响。

S. Aral S. 咸

**15.563[J] Artificial Intelligence for Business

15.563[J] 商业人工智能**

Same subject as 6.4150[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.4150[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Explores how to design and evaluate products and policy based on artificial intelligence. Provides a functional (as opposed to mechanistic) understanding of the emerging technologies underlying AI. Presents AI's opportunities and risks and how to create conditions under which its deployment can succeed. No technical background required.
探索如何基于人工智能设计和评估产品和策略。提供对 AI 底层新兴技术的功能 （而不是机械） 理解。介绍 AI 的机遇和风险，以及如何创造条件使其部署成功。无需技术背景。

M.  Raghavan M. 拉加万

**15.567 The Economics of Information: Strategy, Structure and Pricing

15.567 信息经济学：战略、结构和定价**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Analysis of the underlying economics of information with business implications. Studies effects of digitization and technology on business strategy and organizational structure. Examines pricing, bundling, and versioning of digital goods, including music, video, software, and communication services. Considers the economic and managerial implications of data-driven decision-making, search, platform competition, targeted advertising, personalization, privacy, network externalities, and artificial intelligence. Readings on fundamental economic principles provide context for industry speakers and case discussions.
分析具有业务影响的信息的基本经济学。研究数字化和技术对商业战略和组织结构的影响。检查数字商品（包括音乐、视频、软件和通信服务）的定价、捆绑和版本控制。考虑数据驱动型决策、搜索、平台竞争、定向广告、个性化、隐私、网络外部性和人工智能的经济和管理影响。关于基本经济原理的阅读材料为行业演讲者和案例讨论提供了背景。

J. Horton J. 霍顿

**15.568 The Art of Leading: Experiencing Leadership in Practice

15.568 领导的艺术：在实践中体验领导力**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Integrates the MIT Sloan 4-Capabilities Leadership model with arts processes to translate leadership capabilities into practice. Through discussions, guest speakers, and reflective exercises, focuses on individual and team practices that develop and sustain effective leadership. Structured around the capabilities of visioning, relating, sensemaking, and inventing as these are expressed in creative processes that facilitate novel perspectives, generate collaborative connections, and enable adaptive innovation.
将麻省理工学院斯隆 4 项能力领导力模型与艺术流程集成，将领导能力转化为实践。通过讨论、嘉宾演讲和反思练习，重点关注培养和维持有效领导力的个人和团队实践。围绕愿景、关系、意义建构和发明的能力构建，因为这些能力在促进新视角、产生协作联系并实现适应性创新的创造性过程中表达出来。

W. Orlikowski, A. Shapira 
W. Orlikowski， A. 夏皮拉

**15.570 Digital Marketing and Social Media Analytics

15,570 数字营销和社交媒体分析**

Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides a detailed, applied perspective on the theory and practice of digital marketing and social media analytics in the age of big data. Covers concepts such as the difference between earned and paid media, predictive modeling for ad targeting and customer relationship management, measuring and managing product virality, viral product design, native advertising, and engaging the multichannel experience. Stresses the theory and practice of randomized experimentation, AB testing and the importance of causal inference for marketing strategy. Combines lectures, case studies, and guest speakers with relevant industry experience that speak directly to the topics at hand.
提供有关大数据时代数字营销和社交媒体分析的理论和实践的详细应用观点。涵盖的概念包括免费媒体和付费媒体之间的区别、广告定位和客户关系管理的预测建模、衡量和管理产品病毒式传播、病毒式产品设计、原生广告以及参与多渠道体验。强调随机实验的理论和实践、AB 检验以及因果推理对营销策略的重要性。将讲座、案例研究和具有相关行业经验的特邀演讲者相结合，直接针对手头的主题。

S. Aral S. 咸

**15.572 Analytics Lab: Action Learning Seminar on Analytics, Machine Learning, and the Digital Economy

15.572 分析实验室：关于分析、机器学习和数字经济的行动学习研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
2-0-7 units 2-0-7 单位

Student teams design and deliver a project based on the use of analytics, machine learning, large data sets, or other digital innovations to create or transform a business or other organization. Teams may be paired up with an organization or propose their own ideas and sites for the project. Culminates with presentation of results to an audience that includes IT experts, entrepreneurs, and executives.
学生团队根据分析、机器学习、大型数据集或其他数字创新来创建或转变企业或其他组织，从而设计和交付项目。团队可以与组织配对，或者为项目提出自己的想法和网站。最后向包括 IT 专家、企业家和高管在内的观众展示结果。

S. Aral, A. Almaatouq S. Aral， A. Almaatouq

**15.575 Economics of Information and Information Technology

15.575 信息和信息技术经济学**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Builds upon relevant economic theories and methodologies to analyze the changes in organizations and markets enabled by digital technologies. Examines information economics, labor economics, industrial organization and price theory, growth theory, intangible asset valuation, incomplete contracts theory, and design of empirical studies. Extensive reading and discussion of research literature explores the application of these theories to business issues with relevant guest speakers. Students will complete a final research paper and presentation. Primarily for doctoral students.
以相关的经济理论和方法为基础，分析数字技术推动的组织和市场的变化。研究信息经济学、劳动经济学、产业组织和价格理论、增长理论、无形资产估值、不完整合同理论和实证研究设计。对研究文献的广泛阅读和讨论与相关的演讲嘉宾探讨了这些理论在商业问题上的应用。学生将完成最终的研究论文和演示文稿。主要面向博士生。

J. Horton J. 霍顿

**15.576 Research Seminar in Information Technology and Organizations: Social Perspectives

15.576 信息技术与组织研究研讨会：社会视角**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: G (Spring)
2024-2025 学年：G（春季）
Acad Year 2025-2026: Not offered
2025-2026 学年：不提供
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Examines the assumptions, concepts, theories, and methodologies that inform research into the social aspects of technology. Extensive reading and discussion of research literature aimed at exploring the multiple social phenomena surrounding the development, implementation, use and implications of information technology in organizations. Primarily for doctoral students.
研究为技术社会方面研究提供信息的假设、概念、理论和方法。广泛阅读和讨论研究文献，旨在探索围绕信息技术在组织中的开发、实施、使用和影响的多种社会现象。主要面向博士生。

W. J. Orlikowski W. J. 奥利科夫斯基

**15.579 Seminar in Information Technology

15.579 信息技术研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Fall)
2025-2026 学年：G（秋季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to information technology.
与信息技术相关的当前主题的小组研究。

S. Aral S. 咸

**15.579-15.580 Seminar in Information Technology

15.579-15.580 信息技术研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to information technology.
与信息技术相关的当前主题的小组研究。

S. E. Madnick, T. W. Malone, W. Orlikowski
S. E. Madnick， T. W. Malone， W. Orlikowski

Law 法律

**15.615 Essential Law for Business

15.615 商业基本法**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.6151
也无法获得 15.6151

Provides a solid grounding in what managers need to know about how law shapes opportunities and risks for the businesses they manage and their own careers. Enhances leadership skills for navigating critical law-sensitive junctures that managers encounter in young and mature companies. Explores the legal frameworks of contracts and deals; litigation and liability; employment and changing jobs; regulation and criminal sanctions; complex transactions, including public and private mergers and acquisitions; finance and private equity; distress, reorganization, and bankruptcy; cutting-edge digital technologies; and effective use of IP. No prior knowledge of law expected. Meets with 15.6151 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version.
为管理人员需要了解的有关法律如何为他们管理的企业和他们自己的职业生涯塑造机会和风险奠定了坚实的基础。提高领导技能，以应对管理者在年轻和成熟公司中遇到的关键法律敏感时刻。探索合同和交易的法律框架;诉讼和责任;就业和换工作;监管和刑事制裁;复杂交易，包括公共和私人并购;金融和私募股权;困境、重组和破产;尖端数字技术;以及有效利用知识产权。不需要事先了解法律。同时提供时会面 15.6151 。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。

J. Akula, L. Rodriques J. 阿库拉， L. 罗德里克斯

**15.6151 Essential Law for Business

15.6151 商业基本法**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.615
也无法获得 15.615

Provides a solid grounding in what managers need to know about how law shapes opportunities and risks for the businesses they manage and their own careers. Enhances leadership skills for navigating critical law-sensitive junctures that managers encounter in young and mature companies. Explores the legal frameworks of contracts and deals; litigation and liability; employment and changing jobs; regulation and criminal sanctions; complex transactions, including public and private mergers and acquisitions; finance and private equity; distress, reorganization, and bankruptcy; cutting-edge digital technologies; and effective use of IP. No prior knowledge of law expected. Meets with 15.615 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version.
为管理人员需要了解的有关法律如何为他们管理的企业和他们自己的职业生涯塑造机会和风险奠定了坚实的基础。提高领导技能，以应对管理者在年轻和成熟公司中遇到的关键法律敏感时刻。探索合同和交易的法律框架;诉讼和责任;就业和换工作;监管和刑事制裁;复杂交易，包括公共和私人并购;金融和私募股权;困境、重组和破产;尖端数字技术;以及有效利用知识产权。不需要事先了解法律。同时提供时会面 15.615 。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。

J. Akula, L. Rodriques J. 阿库拉， L. 罗德里克斯

**15.617 Deals, Finance, and the Law

15.617 交易、金融和法律**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.6171
也无法获得 15.6171

Addresses law-sensitive issues arising in the overlapping contexts of complex deals and financial services and products. Covers financial services regulation, employment and job changes, and civil and criminal accountability. Develops managerial skills for handling law-sensitive situations at individual and organizational levels. Meets with 15.6171 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
解决在复杂交易和金融服务及产品重叠背景下出现的法律敏感问题。涵盖金融服务监管、就业和工作变动以及民事和刑事问责。培养处理个人和组织层面法律敏感情况的管理技能。同时提供时会面 15.6171 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Akula J. 阿库拉

**15.6171 Deals, Finance, and the Law

15.6171 交易、金融和法律**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.617
也无法获得 15.617

Addresses law-sensitive issues arising in the overlapping contexts of complex deals and financial services and products. Covers financial services regulation, employment and job changes, and civil and criminal accountability. Develops managerial skills for handling law-sensitive situations at individual and organizational levels. Meets with 15.617 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
解决在复杂交易和金融服务及产品重叠背景下出现的法律敏感问题。涵盖金融服务监管、就业和工作变动以及民事和刑事问责。培养处理个人和组织层面法律敏感情况的管理技能。同时提供时会面 15.617 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Akula J. 阿库拉

**15.618 Startups and the Law

15.618 初创公司与法律**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.6181
也无法获得 15.6181

The legal framework of entrepreneurship and innovation. Key law-sensitive junctures in launching and growing a startup: assembling a team, organizing a business entity, ownership and compensation, early financing, managing contracts and employees, business distress and winding down, and selling a company. Cutting-edge technologies and intellectual property rights. Designed for those who may start or work in such ventures; or are engaged in research with potential for commercial or social impact; or are otherwise attempting to advance an innovation from idea to impact. No prior knowledge of law expected. Meets with 15.6181 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version.
创业和创新的法律框架。启动和发展初创公司的关键法律敏感时刻：组建团队、组织业务实体、所有权和薪酬、早期融资、管理合同和员工、业务困境和倒闭以及出售公司。尖端技术和知识产权。专为可能开始或从事此类企业的人而设计;或从事具有潜在商业或社会影响的研究;或者试图将创新从想法推进到影响。不需要事先了解法律。同时提供时会面 15.6181 。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。

J. Akula J. 阿库拉

**15.6181 Startups and the Law

15.6181 初创公司与法律**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.618
也无法获得 15.618

The legal framework of entrepreneurship and innovation. Key law-sensitive junctures in launching and growing a startup: assembling a team, organizing a business entity, ownership and compensation, early financing, managing contracts and employees, business distress and winding down, and selling a company. Cutting-edge technologies and intellectual property rights. Designed for those who may start or work in such ventures; or are engaged in research with potential for commercial or social impact; or are otherwise attempting to advance an innovation from idea to impact. No prior knowledge of law expected. Meets with 15.6181 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version.
创业和创新的法律框架。启动和发展初创公司的关键法律敏感时刻：组建团队、组织业务实体、所有权和薪酬、早期融资、管理合同和员工、业务困境和倒闭以及出售公司。尖端技术和知识产权。专为可能开始或从事此类企业的人而设计;或从事具有潜在商业或社会影响的研究;或者试图将创新从想法推进到影响。不需要事先了解法律。同时提供时会面 15.6181 。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。

J. Akula J. 阿库拉

**15.620 Patent Law Fundamentals

15.620 专利法基础**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Intensive introduction to the basic provisions of US patent law, emphasizing the requirements for patentability and the process of applying for a patent. Topics include requirements of utility, novelty, and non-obviousness; eligible subject matter; applying for a patent, including patent searches and the language of patent claims; infringement, defenses, and remedies; comparison of patents with other forms of intellectual property (copyrights, trade secrets, and trademarks). Reading materials include key sections of the US patent statute (Title 35, US Code) and related judicial decisions.
深入介绍美国专利法的基本规定，强调可专利性的要求和申请专利的过程。主题包括实用性、新颖性和非显而易见性的要求;合格的主题;申请专利，包括专利检索和专利权利要求的语言;侵权、辩护和补救措施;专利与其他形式的知识产权（版权、商业秘密和商标）的比较。阅读材料包括美国专利法规（美国法典第 35 篇）的关键部分和相关司法裁决。

J. Meldman J. 梅尔德曼

**15.621 Your Career and the Law: Key Junctures, Opportunities and Risks

15.621 您的职业与法律：关键时刻、机遇和风险**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring; first half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期上半学期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Explores legal opportunities and risks in employment from the perspectives of both employees and managers. Special attention to issues faced by tech-savvy employees and tech-intensive ventures; employees starting competing ventures; compensation and equity arrangements; the challenges of the gig economy; employee privacy; and discrimination, gender and other inclusion-related issues in the workplace. Led by former practicing attorneys, focuses on how employment law issues play out in the real world. Utilizes realistic scenarios and documents, such as offer letters and non-competition and invention assignment agreements. No prior knowledge of law expected.
从员工和管理者的角度探讨就业中的法律机会和风险。特别关注精通技术的员工和技术密集型企业面临的问题;员工开始竞争企业;薪酬和股权安排;零工经济的挑战;员工隐私;以及工作场所的歧视、性别和其他与包容性相关的问题。由前执业律师领导，专注于雇佣法问题在现实世界中如何发挥作用。利用现实的场景和文档，例如录用通知书、竞业禁止和发明转让协议。不需要事先了解法律。

J. Akula, L. Rodriques J. 阿库拉， L. 罗德里克斯

**15.622 The Law of AI, Big Data & Social Media

15.622 人工智能、大数据和社交媒体的法则**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.6221
也无法获得 15.6221

Focuses on the emerging legal framework of cutting-edge digital technologies, including AI/machine learning, big data and analytics, blockchain, the internet, and social media. Considers the law's impact on the development and application of these technologies, and the legal response to beneficial and mischievous impacts. Topics include law-sensitive aspects of privacy and bias, fintech, fair competition and fair dealing in digital markets, political discourse on social media, digital technologies in the workplace, and intellectual property rights in software and other innovations. Gives special attention to the legal concerns of those planning careers built on cutting-edge skills, and of managers and entrepreneurs bringing innovations from ideas to impact. How to find and make good use of legal advice. Meets with 15.6221 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version.
专注于尖端数字技术的新兴法律框架，包括 AI/机器学习、大数据和分析、区块链、互联网和社交媒体。考虑法律对这些技术开发和应用的影响，以及法律对有益和有害影响的回应。主题包括隐私和偏见等法律敏感方面、金融科技、数字市场中的公平竞争和公平交易、社交媒体上的政治话语、工作场所的数字技术以及软件和其他创新的知识产权。特别关注那些以尖端技能为基础的职业规划者，以及将创新从想法转化为影响的经理人和企业家的法律问题。如何找到并善用法律建议。同时提供时会面 15.6221 。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。

J. Akula, L. Rodriques J. 阿库拉， L. 罗德里克斯

**15.6221 The Law of AI, Big Data & Social Media

15.6221 人工智能、大数据和社交媒体的法则**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.622
也无法获得 15.622

Focuses on the emerging legal framework of cutting-edge digital technologies, including AI/machine learning, big data and analytics, blockchain, the internet, and social media. Considers the law's impact on the development and application of these technologies, and the legal response to beneficial and mischievous impacts. Topics include law-sensitive aspects of privacy and bias, fintech, fair competition and fair dealing in digital markets, political discourse on social media, digital technologies in the workplace, and intellectual property rights on software and other innovations. Gives special attention to the legal concerns of those planning careers built on cutting-edge skills, and of managers and entrepreneurs bringing innovations from ideas to impact. How to find and make good use of legal advice. Meets with 15.622 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking undergraduate version.
专注于尖端数字技术的新兴法律框架，包括 AI/机器学习、大数据和分析、区块链、互联网和社交媒体。考虑法律对这些技术开发和应用的影响，以及法律对有益和有害影响的回应。主题包括隐私和偏见等法律敏感方面、金融科技、数字市场中的公平竞争和公平交易、社交媒体上的政治话语、工作场所的数字技术以及软件和其他创新的知识产权。特别关注那些以尖端技能为基础的职业规划者，以及将创新从想法转化为影响的经理人和企业家的法律问题。如何找到并善用法律建议。同时提供时会面 15.622 。参加本科课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。

J. Akula, L. Rodriques J. 阿库拉， L. 罗德里克斯

**15.630 Law, Ethics, and Data Privacy

15.630 法律、道德和数据隐私**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Surveys selected ethical dilemmas and legal issues that arise in business analytics and AI. Explains how to maintain current knowledge about key laws and regulations for evolving technologies. Issues of data privacy are presented through consideration of the European Legislation General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and its requirements. Explores the many ethical dilemmas that arise beyond legal regulations with guests who work on the cutting edge of law, ethics, and data science. Restricted to Master of Business Analytics students.
调查选择了商业分析和人工智能中出现的道德困境和法律问题。说明如何保持有关不断发展技术的关键法律和法规的最新知识。通过考虑欧洲立法《通用数据保护条例》（GDPR） 及其要求来提出数据隐私问题。与在法律、道德和数据科学前沿工作的嘉宾一起探讨法律法规之外出现的许多道德困境。仅限商业分析硕士学生。

Consult M. Li 咨询李明

**15.647-15.649 Seminar in Law

15.647-15.649 法学研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to law.
当前法律相关主题的小组研究。

J. L. Akula J. L. 阿库拉

**15.655[J] Law, Technology, and Public Policy

15.655[J] 法律、技术和公共政策**

Same subject as 11.422[J], IDS.435[J]
与 11.422[J] 相同的主题 ， IDS.435[J]
Subject meets with 11.122[J], IDS.066[J]
对象与 11.122[J] 、 IDS.066[J] 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject IDS.435[J].
请参阅 主题 IDS.435[J] 下的描述 。

N. Ashford, C. Caldart N. 阿什福德，C. 卡尔达特

**15.657[J] Technology, Globalization, and Sustainable Development

15.657[J] 技术、全球化和可持续发展**

Same subject as 1.813[J], 11.466[J], IDS.437[J]
与 1.813[J] 、 11.466[J] IDS.437[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject IDS.437[J].
请参阅 主题 IDS.437[J] 下的描述 。

N. Ashford N. 阿什福德

Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management

劳资关系和人力资源管理

**15.661 Building Successful Careers and Organizations

15.661 建立成功的职业和组织**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Designed to help students learn more about their strengths, and how they can utilize these strengths to manage their career. Draws on the latest research and practices, experiential exercises, and cases studies, and includes guest speakers. Covers the most important aspects of talent (and career) management. No listeners.
旨在帮助学生更多地了解自己的优势，以及他们如何利用这些优势来管理自己的职业生涯。借鉴最新的研究和实践、体验式练习和案例研究，并包括演讲嘉宾。涵盖人才（和职业）管理的最重要方面。没有侦听器。

E. Castilla E. 卡斯蒂利亚

**15.662[J] People and Profits: Shaping the Future of Work

15.662[J] 人与利润：塑造工作的未来**

Same subject as 11.383[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.383[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-1-8 units 3-1-8 单位

Examines managing work in the 21st century in the interests of both people and profits through the context of rising inequality, technological change, globalization, and the growth of the gig economy. Students evaluate various business and policy interventions intended to improve work through critical analysis of the evidence, interviews with workers and evaluations of firms, and guest speakers. Guests include business leaders at leading-edge firms and labor leaders experimenting with new ways of providing workers a voice in the workplace. Draws on materials from the MIT Task Force on Work of the Future and the online course Shaping Work of the Future.
在不平等加剧、技术变革、全球化和零工经济增长的背景下，研究 21 世纪为人类和利润的利益管理工作。学生通过对证据的批判性分析、对工人的采访和对公司的评估以及演讲嘉宾来评估旨在改善工作的各种商业和政策干预措施。嘉宾包括领先公司的商界领袖和尝试以新方式让工人在工作场所发声的劳工领袖。借鉴了麻省理工学院未来工作工作组和在线课程塑造未来工作的材料。

A. Stansbury A. 斯坦斯伯里

**15.663[J] Environmental Law, Policy, and Economics: Pollution Prevention and Control

15.663[J] 环境法、政策和经济学：污染预防和控制**

Same subject as 1.811[J], 11.630[J], IDS.540[J]
与 1.811[J] 、 11.630[J] IDS.540[J] 、 相同的主题
Subject meets with 1.801[J], 11.021[J], 17.393[J], IDS.060[J]
对象与 1.801[J] 、 、 11.021[J] 17.393[J] IDS.060[J] 、 会面
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject IDS.540[J].
请参阅 主题 IDS.540[J] 下的描述 。

N. Ashford, C. Caldart N. 阿什福德，C. 卡尔达特

**15.665 Power and Negotiation

15.665 权力与谈判**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Provides understanding of the theory and processes of negotiation as practiced in a variety of settings. Designed for relevance to the broad spectrum of bargaining problems faced by the manager and professional. Allows students an opportunity to develop negotiation skills experientially and to understand negotiation in useful analytical frameworks. Emphasizes simulations, exercises, role playing, and cases.
提供对在各种环境中实践的谈判理论和过程的理解。专为与经理和专业人士面临的广泛讨价还价问题相关而设计。让学生有机会体验发展谈判技能，并在有用的分析框架中理解谈判。强调模拟、练习、角色扮演和案例。

J. Lu, B. Tewfik J. Lu， B. Tewfik

**15.669 Strategies for People Analytics

15.669 人员分析策略**

Prereq: 15.311 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.311 或教师许可
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Focuses on the strategies used to successfully design and implement people analytics in one's organization. Draws on the latest company practices, research projects, and case studies - all with the goal of helping students deepen their understanding of how people analytics can be applied in the real world. Covers the most important aspects of human resource management and people analytics. Demonstrates how to apply those basic tools and principles when hiring, evaluating and rewarding performance, managing careers, and implementing organizational change. No listeners.
重点介绍用于在组织中成功设计和实施人员分析的策略。借鉴最新的公司实践、研究项目和案例研究 - 所有这些都旨在帮助学生加深对如何在现实世界中应用人员分析的理解。涵盖人力资源管理和人员分析的最重要方面。演示如何在招聘、评估和奖励绩效、管理职业生涯和实施组织变革时应用这些基本工具和原则。没有侦听器。

E. Castilla E. 卡斯蒂利亚

**15.671 U-Lab: Transforming Self, Business and Society

15.671 U-Lab：改变自我、商业和社会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Experiential opportunity to practice new leadership skills, such as deep listening, being present (mindfulness), and generative dialogue. In weekly coaching circles, each student has one full session to present their current leadership edge and receive feedback from peer coaches. Includes an additional action learning project.
练习新领导技能的体验机会，例如深度倾听、活在当下（正念）和生成性对话。在每周的教练圈中，每个学生都有一次完整的会议来展示他们当前的领导优势，并从同伴教练那里获得反馈。包括一个额外的动作学习项目。

O. Scharmer

**15.672 Negotiation Analysis

15.672 协商分析**

Subject meets with 15.6721, 15.673, 15.6731
对象与 15.6721 、 15.673 15.6731 、 会面
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.675, 15.712
也无法接收 15.675 的积分 。 15.712

Presents analytical frameworks and strategies to handle a variety of negotiation situations. Includes simulations, games, videos, lectures, discussion, and multiple opportunities to practice and hone negotiation, communication, and influence skills with extensive personalized feedback. Intended for students with a broad spectrum of backgrounds and experience levels. Six-unit version includes additional class time and outside work. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version. Limited to 80 via lottery; consult class website for information and deadlines.
提出处理各种谈判情况的分析框架和策略。包括模拟、游戏、视频、讲座、讨论，以及练习和磨练谈判、沟通和影响技能的多种机会，以及广泛的个性化反馈。适用于具有广泛背景和经验水平的学生。六学分版本包括额外的课堂时间和户外工作。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。通过抽奖限量 80 人;请查阅课程网站了解信息和截止日期。

J. Curhan

**15.6721 Negotiation Analysis

15.6721 协商分析**

Subject meets with 15.672, 15.673, 15.6731
对象与 15.672 、 15.673 15.6731 、 会面
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
U (IAP) U （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.675, 15.712
也无法接收 15.675 的积分 。 15.712

Presents analytical frameworks and strategies to handle a variety of negotiation situations. Includes simulations, games, videos, lectures, discussion, and multiple opportunities to practice and hone negotiation, communication, and influence skills with extensive personalized feedback. Intended for students with a broad spectrum of backgrounds and experience levels. Six-unit version includes additional class time and outside work. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version. Limited to 80 via lottery; consult class website for information and deadlines.
提出处理各种谈判情况的分析框架和策略。包括模拟、游戏、视频、讲座、讨论，以及练习和磨练谈判、沟通和影响技能的多种机会，以及广泛的个性化反馈。适用于具有广泛背景和经验水平的学生。六学分版本包括额外的课堂时间和户外工作。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。通过抽奖限量 80 人;请查阅课程网站了解信息和截止日期。

J. Curhan

**15.673 Negotiation Analysis

15.673 协商分析**

Subject meets with 15.672, 15.6721, 15.6731
对象与 15.672 、 15.6721 15.6731 、 会面
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.675, 15.712
也无法接收 15.675 的积分 。 15.712

Presents analytical frameworks and strategies to handle a variety of negotiation situations. Includes simulations, games, videos, lectures, discussion, and multiple opportunities to practice and hone negotiation, communication, and influence skills with extensive personalized feedback. Intended for students with a broad spectrum of backgrounds and experience levels. Six-unit version includes additional class time and outside work. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version. Limited to 80 via lottery; consult class website for information and deadlines.
提出处理各种谈判情况的分析框架和策略。包括模拟、游戏、视频、讲座、讨论，以及练习和磨练谈判、沟通和影响技能的多种机会，以及广泛的个性化反馈。适用于具有广泛背景和经验水平的学生。六学分版本包括额外的课堂时间和户外工作。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。通过抽奖限量 80 人;请查阅课程网站了解信息和截止日期。

J. Curhan

**15.6731 Negotiation Analysis

15.6731 协商分析**

Subject meets with 15.672, 15.6721, 15.673
对象与 15.672 、 15.6721 15.673 、 会面
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
U (IAP) U （IAP）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.675, 15.712
也无法接收 15.675 的积分 。 15.712

Presents analytical frameworks and strategies to handle a variety of negotiation situations. Includes simulations, games, videos, lectures, discussion, and multiple opportunities to practice and hone negotiation, communication, and influence skills with extensive personalized feedback. Intended for students with a broad spectrum of backgrounds and experience levels. Six-unit version includes additional class time and outside work. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version. Limited to 80 via lottery; consult class website for information and deadlines.
提出处理各种谈判情况的分析框架和策略。包括模拟、游戏、视频、讲座、讨论，以及练习和磨练谈判、沟通和影响技能的多种机会，以及广泛的个性化反馈。适用于具有广泛背景和经验水平的学生。六学分版本包括额外的课堂时间和户外工作。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。通过抽奖限量 80 人;请查阅课程网站了解信息和截止日期。

J. Curhan

**15.674[J] Leading Creative Teams

15.674[J] 领导创意团队**

Same subject as 6.9280[J], 16.990[J]
与 6.9280[J] 相同的主题 ， 16.990[J]
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

See description under subject 6.9280[J]. Enrollment limited.
请参阅 主题 6.9280[J] 下的描述 。招生有限。

D. Nino D. 尼诺

**15.675 Negotiation Seminar

15.675 谈判研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.672, 15.6721, 15.673, 15.6731, 15.712
也无法接收 15.672 、 15.6721 15.673 15.6731 15.712 的积分

Provides understanding of the theory and processes of negotiation as practiced in a variety of settings. Designed for relevance to the broad spectrum of bargaining problems faced by the manager and professional. Allows students an opportunity to develop negotiation skills experientially and to understand negotiation in useful analytical frameworks. Emphasizes simulations, exercises, role playing, and cases. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
提供对在各种环境中实践的谈判理论和过程的理解。专为与经理和专业人士面临的广泛讨价还价问题相关而设计。让学生有机会体验发展谈判技能，并在有用的分析框架中理解谈判。强调模拟、练习、角色扮演和案例。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

J. Curhan

**15.676 Work, Employment, and Industrial Relations Theory

15.676 工作、就业和劳资关系理论**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
2-0-7 units 2-0-7 单位

Historical evolution and assessment of different theories and disciplinary perspectives used in research on work, employment, and industrial relations. Introduces doctoral students to the field and explores where their research interests fit within the broader field. First part compares the normative assumptions, theories, and methodologies used by economists, historians, sociologists, psychologists, political scientists, and legal scholars from the latter nineteenth century to the present. Final portion explores strategies for advancing research on topics of current interest to participants.
用于工作、就业和劳资关系研究的不同理论和学科观点的历史演变和评估。向博士生介绍该领域，并探索他们的研究兴趣在更广泛的领域中的位置。第一部分比较了从 19 世纪下半叶到现在经济学家、历史学家、社会学家、心理学家、政治学家和法律学者使用的规范性假设、理论和方法。最后一部分探讨了推进参与者当前感兴趣的主题研究的策略。

T. Kochan, P. Osterman, E. Castilla, O. Sharone, M. Amengual
T. Kochan， P. Osterman， E. Castilla， O. Sharone， M. Amengual

**15.677[J] Labor Markets and Employment Policy

15.677[J] 劳动力市场和就业政策**

Same subject as 11.427[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.427[J]
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Research-based examination of how labor markets work — and how they have evolved over time — through trends such as rising income inequality, technological change, globalization, falling worker power, and the fissuring of the workplace. Through reading and engaging with economics research papers, students use theoretical frameworks and rigorous empirical evidence to analyze public policy interventions in the labor market, including unemployment insurance, minimum wage, unions, family leave, anti-discrimination policies, and workforce development. Preference to graduate and PhD students.
通过收入不平等加剧、技术变革、全球化、工人力量下降和工作场所裂缝等趋势，对劳动力市场的运作方式以及它们如何随着时间的推移而演变的研究研究。通过阅读和参与经济学研究论文，学生使用理论框架和严格的实证证据来分析劳动力市场的公共政策干预，包括失业保险、最低工资、工会、家庭休假、反歧视政策和劳动力发展。优先考虑研究生和博士生。

A. Stansbury A. 斯坦斯伯里

**15.679[J] USA Lab: Bridging the American Divides

15.679[J] 美国实验室：弥合美国鸿沟**

Same subject as 11.651[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.651[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-1-5 units 3-1-5 单位

Practical exploration of community revitalization in America's small towns and rural regions. Focuses on work, community, and culture. Consists of rigorous classroom discussions, research, and team projects with community development organizations. Site visit over SIP week and spring break required for project fieldwork.
美国小城镇和农村地区社区振兴的实践探索。专注于工作、社区和文化。包括严格的课堂讨论、研究和与社区发展组织的团队项目。项目实地工作需要在 SIP 周和春假期间进行现场访问。

L. Hafrey, C. McDowell L. Hafrey， C. 麦克道尔

**15.681 From Analytics to Action

15.681 从分析到行动**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Develops appreciation for organizational dynamics and competence in navigating social networks, working in a team, demystifying rewards and incentives, leveraging the crowd, understanding change initiatives, and making sound decisions. Restricted to Master of Business Analytics students.
培养对组织动力的理解以及在浏览社交网络、团队合作、揭开奖励和激励的神秘面纱、利用人群、了解变革举措和做出合理决策方面的能力。仅限商业分析硕士学生。

R. Fernandez, M. Terrab R. Fernandez， M. Terrab

**15.690 Diversity as Discovery

15.690 作为发现的多样性**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Fall; first half of term)
2025-2026 学年：U （秋季;上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Aims to help students discover who they are as individuals and members of a community. Course operates under two basic assumptions: that we can accomplish more together than alone, and that a significant part of who we are as individuals is left out of most organizational settings. Confronts the lack of tools and frameworks for dealing with the wealth of diversity among populations, and discusses the value diversity could potentially create.
旨在帮助学生发现他们作为个人和社区成员的身份。Course 在两个基本假设下运作：我们可以一起完成比单独完成更多的事情，并且我们作为个人的很大一部分身份被排除在大多数组织设置之外。直面缺乏处理人群中丰富的多样性的工具和框架的问题，并讨论了多样性可能创造的价值。

R. Reagans R·里根斯

**15.691 Research Seminar in Work, Employment and Industrial Relations

15.691 工作、就业和劳资关系研究研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Discusses important areas for research in work, employment and industrial relations; frameworks for research, research techniques, and methodological problems. Centered mainly on staff research and the thesis research of advanced graduate students and invited guests.
讨论工作、就业和劳资关系方面的重要研究领域;研究框架、研究技术和方法问题。主要以工作人员研究和高级研究生和特邀嘉宾的论文研究为中心。

Consult T. A. Kochan 咨询 TA Kochan

**15.698 Seminar in Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management

15.698 劳资关系和人力资源管理研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to industrial relations and human resource management.
与劳资关系和人力资源管理相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Consult P. Osterman 咨询 P. Osterman

Executive MBA Subjects EMBA 科目

**15.700 Leadership and Integrative Management

15.700 领导力与综合管理**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Investigates the different perspectives a general manager must take, how to integrate those perspectives, and the role of leadership in setting and realizing goals. Students work intensively in teams and with multiple faculty, using a deep dive into the challenges faced by a major global firm operating in complex global markets. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
研究总经理必须采取的不同观点，如何整合这些观点，以及领导力在设定和实现目标中的作用。学生以团队形式与多名教师一起集中工作，深入研究在复杂的全球市场中运营的大型全球公司所面临的挑战。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.701 Innovation-Driven Entrepreneurial Advantage

15.701 创新驱动的创业优势**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.714; or permission of instructor
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.714 ;或教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
6-0-6 units 6-0-6 单位

Exposes students to the content, context, and contacts that enable entrepreneurs to design and launch successful stand-alone ventures, ventures inside established corporations, and ventures in partnership with established corporations based on new innovations. Students examine the critical entrepreneurial and innovation challenges facing entrepreneurs inside new and established firms, and develop frameworks that allow them to identify, evaluate, iterate, and integrate their ideas effectively. Case-based discussions complemented by visits to key actors in MIT labs, as well as live case studies with successful entrepreneurs. Specially designed team projects provide practical experience in entrepreneurial strategy, innovation management, and the workings of the MIT entrepreneurial ecosystem. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
让学生接触到内容、背景和联系方式，使企业家能够设计和启动成功的独立企业、成熟公司内部的风险投资，以及与基于新创新的现有公司合作的风险投资。学生研究企业家在新老公司内面临的关键创业和创新挑战，并开发框架，使他们能够有效地识别、评估、迭代和整合他们的想法。基于案例的讨论辅以对麻省理工学院实验室关键参与者的访问，以及与成功企业家的现场案例研究。专门设计的团队项目提供了创业战略、创新管理和麻省理工学院创业生态系统运作方面的实践经验。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.702 Leading in a Global Context: Macroeconomics and Global Markets

15.702 全球背景下的领导：宏观经济学和全球市场**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
6-0-6 units 6-0-6 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Intensive module on the global economy, combining the key perspectives of macroeconomics and global economic strategy. Focuses on the policy and economic environment of firms, as well as on the development of a more international market in products, services, and capital, and how this affects trade and industries. Presents insights into national economic strategies for development, and into the evolving rules and institutions governing the international economic order. Develops an actionable appreciation for managers of the international dimensions of economic policy and strategy in an increasingly complex world economy. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
全球经济强化模块，结合宏观经济学和全球经济战略的关键观点。侧重于公司的政策和经济环境，以及在产品、服务和资本方面发展更加国际化的市场，以及这如何影响贸易和工业。提供对国家经济发展战略以及支配国际经济秩序的不断发展的规则和机构的见解。在日益复杂的世界经济中，为管理者培养对经济政策和战略的国际维度的可操作的理解。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.703 Leading with Impact

15.703 以影响力为导向**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-3-3 units 3-3-3 单位

Student teams work with the leadership of local not-for-profits to solve a pressing problem faced by that organization. The problems will vary with the organization in question, as will the skills and capabilities students draw on to appropriately address them. Culminates with group reflection on what it means to be a principled innovative leader who improves the world.
学生团队与当地非营利组织的领导层合作，解决该组织面临的紧迫问题。这些问题会因组织而异，学生为适当解决这些问题而利用的技能和能力也会有所不同。最后，小组反思成为改善世界的有原则的创新领导者意味着什么。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

15.704 IDEA Lab 15.704 创意实验室

Prereq: 15.701 先决条件： 15.701
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
6-0-9 units 6-0-9 单位

Opportunity to work with interested organizations - or on a startup - to explore and leverage innovation ecosystems, build greater strength in innovation-driven entrepreneurial advantage, and build a stronger culture of corporate innovation. Faculty and students co-create projects along one of two tracks: the innovation track, focused on organizations wishing to become more innovative and/or engage the ecosystem; or the entrepreneurship track, principally for students with startup enterprises/ventures. Further explores themes of innovation ecosystems, stakeholders, and the innovation loop of experimentation and evaluation. Innovation projects are team-based and can be Boston-based. Entrepreneurship projects can be a solo enterprise, but teams are also encouraged. Restricted to second year Executive MBA students.
有机会与感兴趣的组织或初创公司合作，探索和利用创新生态系统，在创新驱动的创业优势中建立更大的实力，并建立更强大的企业创新文化。教师和学生沿着以下两个轨道之一共同创建项目：创新轨道，专注于希望变得更有创新性和/或参与生态系统的组织;或创业方向，主要面向拥有创业企业/企业的学生。进一步探讨创新生态系统、利益相关者以及实验和评估的创新循环的主题。创新项目以团队为基础，也可以以波士顿为基础。创业项目可以是一个独立的企业，但也鼓励团队。仅限 EMBA 二年级学生。

F. Murray, P. Budden F. 默里，P. 布登

15.705 Organizations Lab 15.705 组织实验室

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Preparation for an organizational change project. Emphasis on applying tools of organizational, operational, and systems analysis in order to effect change. Includes a focus on the challenges and opportunities presented by issues of leadership and organizational behavior. Each student leads a change project in his or her own organization, focusing on fixing a broken or ineffective process. Examples of possible initiatives include a strategic reorientation, organizational restructuring, introduction of a new technology, a worker participation program, etc. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
准备组织变革项目。强调应用组织、运营和系统分析工具以实现变革。包括对领导力和组织行为问题带来的挑战和机遇的关注。每个学生都在他或她自己的组织中领导一个变革项目，专注于修复损坏或无效的流程。可能的举措包括战略调整、组织重组、引入新技术、工人参与计划等。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

15.707 Global Strategy 15.707 全球战略

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides students with the evidence, concepts and models for understanding company performance in a global world and the issues facing executives in the early 21st century. Prepares students to manage effectively in todays interconnected world by understanding this changing environment, principles of global strategy, and the relation between global strategy and organization. Focuses on the specificities of strategy and organization of the multinational company. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
为学生提供证据、概念和模型，以理解全球范围内的公司绩效以及 21 世纪初高管面临的问题。通过了解这个不断变化的环境、全球战略的原则以及全球战略与组织之间的关系，让学生为在当今相互关联的世界中有效管理做好准备。重点介绍跨国公司的战略和组织的特殊性。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.708 Global Organizations Lab

15.708 全球组织实验室**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
6-0-9 units 6-0-9 单位

Helps students discover and develop new and effective ways of managing and working together across national borders; also helps accelerate development of the context awareness and integrative management skills needed to lead in a globalized world. Involves intensive team engagement with a firm where students integrate their understanding of the relevant global and national economic and institutional contexts, industry dynamics, the firm's strategic position and capabilities, and its management organization and processes to provide the management sponsor with insight and effective recommendations. Includes a week-long site visit for research. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
帮助学生发现和开发新的有效跨国界管理和合作方式;还有助于加速发展在全球化世界中领导所需的环境意识和综合管理技能。涉及与公司的密集团队参与，学生将整合他们对相关全球和国家经济和制度背景、行业动态、公司的战略地位和能力及其管理组织和流程的理解，为管理发起人提供洞察力和有效的建议。包括为期一周的研究实地考察。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.709 Key Decisions for Corporate Boards

15.709 公司董事会的关键决策**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Designed to help students understand the fundamental rules and practices of corporate boards in three key areas: the audit committee, the compensation committee, and corporate takeovers. Includes discussion related to case studies, with short lectures at the start and end of each session to highlight the differences and similarities in practices by boards in the US and abroad. Restricted to MIT Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
旨在帮助学生了解公司董事会在三个关键领域的基本规则和实践：审计委员会、薪酬委员会和公司收购。包括与案例研究相关的讨论，每节课的开始和结束时都有简短的讲座，以强调美国和国外董事会在实践中的差异和相似之处。仅限麻省理工学院 EMBA 和斯隆研究员 MBA 学生。

R. Pozen

**15.711 Executing Strategy for Results

15.711 执行结果策略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.361
也无法获得 15.361

Condensed version of 15.361 that introduces a comprehensive framework to understand how leaders can execute strategy more effectively. Presents case studies of companies that excel at execution, and a series of practical tools that can be applied immediately to boost performance. Intended for owner-operators and managers in complex organizations (more than 200 employees, multiple functions or units), particularly those competing in volatile markets. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
15.361 该指南的精简版介绍了一个全面的框架，以了解领导者如何更有效地执行战略。介绍擅长执行的公司的案例研究，以及一系列可以立即应用于提高绩效的实用工具。适用于复杂组织（超过 200 名员工、多个职能或部门）中的业主经营者和管理者，尤其是那些在动荡的市场中竞争的组织。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

D. Sull D. 苏尔

**15.712 Negotiation and Influence

15.712 谈判和影响**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.672, 15.6721, 15.673, 15.6731, 15.675
也无法接收 15.672 、 15.6721 15.673 15.6731 15.675 的积分

Provides understanding of the theory and processes of negotiation as practiced in a variety of settings. Designed for relevance to the broad spectrum of bargaining problems faced by the manager and professional. Allows students an opportunity to develop negotiation skills experientially and to understand negotiation in useful analytical frameworks. Emphasizes simulations, exercises, role playing, and cases. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
提供对在各种环境中实践的谈判理论和过程的理解。专为与经理和专业人士面临的广泛讨价还价问题相关而设计。让学生有机会体验发展谈判技能，并在有用的分析框架中理解谈判。强调模拟、练习、角色扮演和案例。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
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**15.714 Competitive Strategy

15.714 竞争策略**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.902
也无法获得 15.902

Introduces a variety of modern strategy frameworks and methodologies to develop the skills needed to be a successful manager. Cases and readings explore a range of strategic problems, focusing particularly on the sources of competitive advantage and the interaction between industry structure and organizational capabilities. Emphasizes the perspective of the general manager in ensuring the firm's success. Encourages awareness of both the external (market) and internal (organizational) forces that shape firm performance. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
介绍各种现代战略框架和方法，以培养成为成功经理所需的技能。案例和阅读材料探讨了一系列战略问题，特别关注竞争优势的来源以及行业结构和组织能力之间的相互作用。强调总经理在确保公司成功方面的观点。鼓励了解影响公司绩效的外部（市场）和内部（组织）力量。仅限 EMBA 学生。

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15.715 Entrepreneurial Strategy 重试  错误原因

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP; second half of term)
G（IAP;学期下半期）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.911
也无法获得 15.911

Provides an integrated strategy framework for innovation-based entrepreneurs. Students examine the core strategic choices facing start-up innovators, and discuss a synthetic framework for the development, implementation and scaling of entrepreneurial strategy in dynamic environments over time. Identifies the types of choices that entrepreneurs must make to take advantage of a novel opportunity, and studies the logic of particular strategic commitments and positions that allow entrepreneurs to establish competitive advantage. Restricted to MIT Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students. 重试  错误原因

S. Stern 重试  错误原因

15.716 Leading Organizations 重试  错误原因

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.322
也无法获得 15.322

Promotes awareness of and strategies to meet the key challenges leaders face today (and tomorrow). Acquaints students with some of the psychological and sociological dynamics that regularly operate in organizational settings - the less visible but quite powerful "forces" that shape the way employees and managers respond (or don't respond) to a changing world. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
提高对领导者今天（和明天）面临的关键挑战的认识和战略。让学生熟悉一些经常在组织环境中运作的心理和社会学动态——这些不太明显但相当强大的“力量”塑造了员工和经理对不断变化的世界做出反应（或不做出反应）的方式。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
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15.717 Organizational Processes 重试  错误原因

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Designed to enhance students' ability to take effective action in complex organizational settings by providing the analytic tools needed to analyze, manage, and lead the organizations of the future. Emphasizes the importance of the organizational context in influencing which individual styles and skills are effective. Employs a wide variety of learning tools, from experiential learning to the more conventional discussion of written cases. Centers on three complementary perspectives on organizations: the strategic design, political, and cultural "lenses" on organizations. Restricted to Executive MBA students. 重试  错误原因

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15.718 Introduction to Disciplined Entrepreneurship 重试  错误原因

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP; second half of term)
G（IAP;学期下半期）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Fast-paced introduction to the disciplined entrepreneurship approach to enhancing entrepreneurial skills needed to be more productive at work, start a new venture, interact and evaluate new ventures, and understand what entrepreneurship is and is not. Interactive, action-oriented workshops build skills to apply knowledge imparted by the books Disciplined Entrepreneurship: 24 Steps to a Successful Startup and the Disciplined Entrepreneurship Workbook. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
快节奏地介绍严格的创业方法，以提高工作效率所需的创业技能，开始新的冒险，互动和评估新的冒险，并了解什么是创业，什么不是。以行动为导向的互动式研讨会培养应用《纪律严明的创业：成功创业的 24 个步骤》和《纪律严明的创业手册》一书所传授的知识的技能。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

B. Aulet B. 奥莱

**15.720 Financial Accounting

15.720 财务会计**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.511, 15.515
也无法接收 15.511 的积分 。 15.515

Examines the basic concepts of corporate financial accounting and reporting, and the role of accounting information in investment decisions, corporate and managerial performance assessment, and the valuation of firms. Develops skills for performing an economics-based analysis of accounting information from the viewpoint of the users of accounting information (especially senior managers), rather than the preparer (the accountant). Restricted to Executive MBA students.
研究公司财务会计和报告的基本概念，以及会计信息在投资决策、公司和管理绩效评估以及公司估值中的作用。培养从会计信息使用者（尤其是高级管理人员）而不是编制者（会计师）的角度对会计信息进行基于经济学的分析的技能。仅限 EMBA 学生。

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**15.721 Communication and Persuasion Through Data for Executives

15.721 高管通过数据进行沟通和说服**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.286, 15.287
也无法接收 15.286 的积分 。 15.287

Explains how to better convey complex, quantitative information to non-experts inside and outside of one's organization. Aims to improve skill set and teach tools that can be used to demonstrate to others how to be more effective. Specific skills covered include improving ability to create effective visuals for communicating quantitative information, maximizing audience comprehension when presenting data, and cultivating ability to communicate complex ideas in writing. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
说明如何更好地将复杂的定量信息传达给组织内外的非专家。旨在提高技能并教授可用于向他人展示如何更有效的工具。涵盖的具体技能包括提高创建有效视觉效果以传达定量信息的能力，在呈现数据时最大限度地提高受众的理解能力，以及培养以书面形式传达复杂想法的能力。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

M. Kazakoff M. 卡扎科夫

**15.722 Applied Economics for Managers

15.722 管理者应用经济学**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.024
也无法获得 15.024

Develops facility with concepts, language, and analytical tools of economics. Primary focus is on microeconomics. Emphasizes integration of theory, data, and judgment in the analysis of corporate decisions and public policy, and in the assessment of changing US and international business environments. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
使用经济学的概念、语言和分析工具开发设施。主要关注点是微观经济学。强调在分析公司决策和公共政策以及评估不断变化的美国和国际商业环境时整合理论、数据和判断。仅限 EMBA 学生。

R. Gibbons, M. Whinston R. 吉本斯，M. 惠斯顿

**15.723 Advanced Applied Macroeconomics and International Institutions

15.723 高级应用宏观经济学和国际机构**

Prereq: 15.702 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.702 或教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Topics draw on current macroeconomic issues and events, such as modern monetary and fiscal policy; financial crisis, contagion, and currency crisis; real exchange rates, purchasing power parity, and long run sustainability; sustainable development; targeting and the new monetary policy regime; and Europe and the Euro: optimal currency areas. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
主题借鉴了当前的宏观经济问题和事件，例如现代货币和财政政策;金融危机、传染和货币危机;实际汇率、购买力平价和长期可持续性;可持续发展;目标和新的货币政策制度;欧洲和欧元：最佳货币区。仅限 EMBA 学生。

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**15.724 Financial Management

15.724 财务管理**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.414
也无法获得 15.414

Provides a rigorous introduction to corporate finance and capital markets, with an emphasis on applications vital to corporate managers. Exposes students to the major financial decisions made by leaders within a firm and to the ways the firm interacts with investors, with a focus on valuation. Topics include project and company valuation, measuring risk and return, stock pricing, corporate financing policy, the cost of capital, and risk management. Presents a broad overview of both theory and practice. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
提供对公司财务和资本市场的严格介绍，重点介绍对公司经理至关重要的应用程序。让学生了解公司内部领导者做出的重大财务决策以及公司与投资者互动的方式，重点是估值。主题包括项目和公司估值、衡量风险和回报、股票定价、公司融资政策、资本成本和风险管理。对理论和实践进行了广泛的概述。仅限 EMBA 学生。

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**15.725 Marketing Strategy for General Managers

15.725 总经理的营销策略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (IAP)
2025-2026 学年：G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Helps students consider the entire marketing mix in light of the strategy of the firm. Reviews customer-based sources of competitive advantage and discusses how to identify, measure, and leverage them. Introduces a method for comparing alternative selling formats (e.g., brick and mortar vs. electronic), aiming to find the most efficient ways to sell different products to different customers. Discusses the myriad ways in which the firm can grow its sources of competitive advantage. Provides practical experience in using tools to identify, evaluate, and develop marketing strategies; design efficient products and selling formats; and plan the use and development of the firm's portfolio of resources. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
帮助学生根据公司的战略考虑整个营销组合。回顾基于客户的竞争优势来源，并讨论如何识别、衡量和利用它们。介绍一种比较替代销售形式（例如，实体店与电子店）的方法，旨在找到向不同买家销售不同商品的最有效方式。讨论公司可以增加其竞争优势来源的多种方式。提供使用工具识别、评估和制定营销策略的实践经验;设计高效的产品和销售形式;并规划公司资源组合的使用和发展。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

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15.726 Pricing 15.726 定价

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (IAP)
2025-2026 学年：G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.818
也无法获得 15.818

Focuses on practical pricing tactics. Presents a framework for the steps firms should take when thinking about pricing a new product or improving the pricing performance of an old product. Tools covered include monadic pricing surveys, empirical price elasticity calculations, and conjoint. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
重点介绍实用的定价策略。为公司在考虑为新产品定价或提高旧产品的定价性能时应采取的步骤提供了一个框架。涵盖的工具包括 monadic 定价调查、实证价格弹性计算和 conjoint。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

C. Tucker C. 塔克

**15.727 The Analytics Edge

15.727 分析边缘**

Prereq: 15.730 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.730 或教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduces modern analytics methods (data mining and optimization), starting with real-world problems where analytics have made a material difference. Modern data mining methods include clustering, classification, logistic regression, CART, random forest methods, and association rules. Modern optimization methods include robust, adaptive and dynamic optimization. Applications include health care, hospital operations, finance, energy, security, internet, and demand modeling. Uses R programming language for data mining and ROME for robust optimization. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
介绍现代分析方法（数据挖掘和优化），从分析产生重大影响的实际问题开始。现代数据挖掘方法包括聚类、分类、逻辑回归、CART、随机森林方法和关联规则。现代优化方法包括稳健优化、自适应优化和动态优化。应用包括医疗保健、医院运营、财务、能源、安全、互联网和需求建模。使用 R 编程语言进行数据挖掘，使用 ROME 进行稳健优化。仅限 EMBA 学生。

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**15.728 Deals, Finance, and the Law

15.728 交易、金融和法律**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (IAP)
2025-2026 学年：G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Addresses the challenges managers face in connection with two overlapping responsibilities: negotiating and managing complex deals, and arranging financing. Examines mergers and acquisitions and early-stage investments in young companies; commercial finance, financial instruments, and structured products; and how these relationships and structures play out in the context of financial distress. Emphasizes the opportunities and risks the different parties involved confront. Focuses primarily on the US, but also considers how key legal issues are analyzed in a transnational context. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
解决管理者在两项重叠职责方面面临的挑战：谈判和管理复杂的交易，以及安排融资。研究年轻公司的并购和早期投资;商业融资、金融工具和结构性产品;以及这些关系和结构如何在财务困境的背景下发挥作用。强调相关各方面临的机遇和风险。主要关注美国，但也考虑了如何在跨国背景下分析关键法律问题。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

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**15.729 Leadership: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches (LQ^2)

15.729 领导力：定量和定性方法 （LQ^2）**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Uses interdisciplinary approaches and real-world examples to show how analytics inform organizational change. Takes into account the human and cultural components of organizations. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
使用跨学科方法和真实示例来展示分析如何为组织变革提供信息。考虑到组织的人文和文化组成部分。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

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**15.730 Data, Models, and Decisions

15.730 数据、模型和决策**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.060
也无法获得 15.060

Introduces students to fundamental tools in using data to make informed management decisions. Emphasizes the executive perspective: how to leverage best-practice quantitative methods to manage and drive the business. Exercises and cases complemented by perspectives and applications in finance, operations management, healthcare, the Internet, and other functions and industries. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
向学生介绍使用数据做出明智管理决策的基本工具。强调高管视角：如何利用最佳实践量化方法来管理和推动业务。练习和案例辅以金融、运营管理、医疗保健、互联网以及其他职能和行业的观点和应用。仅限 EMBA 学生。

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15.731 Risk Management 15.731 风险管理

Prereq: (15.730 and 15.734) or permission of instructor
先决条件：（ 15.730 和 15.734 ） 或教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Provides several core analytical and management concepts, helping students identify, model, think about, analyze, and manage risk. Topics vary; examples include risk measures, the drivers-event-outcomes framework, low-probability high-impact risk events, hedging risk with financial options, real options, risk management in the supply chain, project risk management, modern portfolio management, systemic risk. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
提供几个核心分析和管理概念，帮助学生识别、建模、思考、分析和管理风险。主题各不相同;示例包括风险度量、驱动因素-事件-结果框架、低概率高影响风险事件、金融期权对冲风险、实物期权、供应链风险管理、项目风险管理、现代投资组合管理、系统性风险。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
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**15.732 Marketing Management

15.732 营销管理**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.814, 15.8141
也无法接收 15.814 的积分 。 15.8141

Studies the application of a reasoned framework to the selection of target markets and the optimization of marketing decisions. Subject is divided into two parts: a tactical portion that reviews how firms optimize profits in their chosen markets, and a strategic portion that focuses on identifying target markets. Tactical topics include pricing, promotion, channel and product issues. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
研究将合理框架应用于目标市场的选择和营销决策的优化。主题分为两部分：战术部分回顾公司如何在其所选市场中优化利润，以及侧重于识别目标市场的战略部分。战术主题包括定价、促销、渠道和产品问题。仅限 EMBA 学生。

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**15.733 Global Financial Markets

15.733 全球金融市场**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (IAP)
2025-2026 学年：G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Addresses the risks taken by trading goods and services across borders and by borrowing and investing globally. Provides a framework for understanding and assessing cross-border transactions, global financing, and global investment opportunities, with a particular attention to exchange rate risk and how it affects decision-making. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
解决跨境商品和服务贸易以及全球借款和投资所带来的风险。为理解和评估跨境交易、全球融资和全球投资机会提供了一个框架，特别关注汇率风险及其对决策的影响。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

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**15.734 Introduction to Operations Management

15.734 Operations Management 简介**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer) G （春、夏）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.761, 15.7611
也无法接收 15.761 的积分 。 15.7611

Provides concepts, techniques and tools to design, analyze and improve core strategic operational capabilities. Covers a broad range of application domains and industries, such as high-tech, financial services, insurance, automotive, health care, retail, fashion, and manufacturing. Emphasizes the effects of uncertainty in business decision making and the interplay between strategic and financial objectives and operational capabilities. Students play simulation games that demonstrate some of the central concepts. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
提供概念、技术和工具，以设计、分析和改进核心战略运营能力。涵盖广泛的应用领域和行业，例如高科技、金融服务、保险、汽车、医疗保健、零售、时尚和制造。强调业务决策中的不确定性的影响，以及战略和财务目标与运营能力之间的相互作用。学生们玩模拟游戏，演示一些核心概念。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.736 Introduction to System Dynamics

15.736 系统动力学简介**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer) G （春、夏）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.871, 15.873, 15.8731
也无法接收 15.871 、 、 15.873 15.8731 的积分

Introduces system dynamics modeling for the analysis of business policy and strategy. Provides the skills to visualize an organization in terms of the structures and policies that create dynamics and regulate performance. Uses causal mapping, simulation models, case studies, and management flight simulators to help develop principles of policy design for successful management of complex strategies. Considers the use of systems thinking to promote effective organizational learning. Restricted to Executive MBA students.
介绍用于分析业务策略和策略的系统动态建模。提供根据创建动态和调节绩效的结构和策略来可视化组织的技能。使用因果映射、仿真模型、案例研究和管理飞行模拟器来帮助制定策略设计原则，以成功管理复杂策略。考虑使用系统思维来促进有效的组织学习。仅限 EMBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.737 Advanced System Dynamics

15.737 高级系统动力学**

Prereq: 15.736 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.736 或教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
3-0-0 units 3-0-0 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.872
也无法获得 15.872

Workshops focus on two models: the dynamics of service quality within a firm; and industry dynamics (particularly investment cycles and bubbles), including the energy and housing markets. Emphasis on formulation, analysis, use, and decision-making. Develops modeling skills. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellows students.
研讨会侧重于两个模型：公司内部服务质量的动态;以及行业动态（特别是投资周期和泡沫），包括能源和房地产市场。强调制定、分析、使用和决策。培养建模技能。仅限 EMBA 和 Sloan Fellows 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.738 Corporate Finance for Turbulence and Innovation

15.738 动荡与创新的公司财务**

Prereq: 15.414 or 15.724
Prereq： 15.414 或 15.724
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Case studies and lectures introduce financial tools needed to make value-enhancing business decisions. Topics drawn from issues such as advanced valuation analysis, capital structure decisions, debt restructuring, bankruptcy, incentive problems, real options, and valuation of international projects. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
案例研究和讲座介绍了做出价值提升业务决策所需的财务工具。主题来自高级估值分析、资本结构决策、债务重组、破产、激励问题、实物期权和国际项目估值等问题。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.739 Discovering Your Leadership Signature

15.739 发现您的领导签名**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.318
也无法获得 15.318

Introspective course that helps students understand and develop their unique way of leading, i.e., their leadership signature. Students delve deeply into their patterns of leadership to understand what helps and hinders them in becoming a better leader. Substantial time spent learning how to effectively tell leadership stories and examine leadership identity, drawing on theory from the leadership literature, family systems, developmental psychology, personality psychology, and organizational change. Builds on the four capabilities (4-CAPS+) model and includes case studies, reflection, video analysis, and storytelling. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
内省课程，帮助学生理解和发展他们独特的领导方式，即他们的领导特征。学生深入研究他们的领导模式，以了解什么有助于和阻碍他们成为更好的领导者。花费了大量时间学习如何有效地讲述领导故事和研究领导身份，借鉴领导力文献、家庭系统、发展心理学、人格心理学和组织变革的理论。建立在四种能力 （4-CAPS+） 模型之上，包括案例研究、反思、视频分析和故事讲述。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

D. Ancona D. 安科纳

**15.740 Strategic Communication for Executives

15.740 高管战略沟通**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Develops communication skills crucial to successful management. Focuses on identifying a range of communication styles, and recognizing how to use them; dealing successfully with challenging or hostile audiences; understanding cross-cultural and global communication issues and differences; and leading and communicating in a crisis situation. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellows students.
培养对成功管理至关重要的沟通技巧。专注于识别一系列沟通风格，并认识到如何使用它们;成功应对具有挑战性或敌对性的受众;了解跨文化和全球沟通问题和差异;以及在危机情况下领导和沟通。仅限 EMBA 和 Sloan Fellows 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

**15.741 Game Theory for Strategic Advantage

15.741 战略优势的博弈论**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.025, 15.0251
也无法接收 15.025 的积分 。 15.0251

Leverages game theory — the analysis of multi-person decision problems — to develop interactive thinking in strategic environments. Students play and analyze games that arise frequently in business settings and discuss numerous real-world examples. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
利用博弈论 — 对多人决策问题的分析 — 在战略环境中发展交互式思维。学生们玩和分析商业环境中经常出现的游戏，并讨论许多现实世界的例子。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

15.742 Platform Strategy 15.742 平台策略

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
1-0-2 units 1-0-2 单位

Provides a framework for strategy for firms pursuing multi-sided platform business models. Emphasizes the development and application of conceptual frameworks that enable managers to make effective decisions as they seek to create value with a platform, and to capture value from it in the face of competition from other platform providers. Restricted to Executive MBA and Sloan Fellow MBA students.
为追求多边平台商业模式的公司提供战略框架。强调概念框架的开发和应用，使管理者能够在寻求通过平台创造价值时做出有效的决策，并在面对来自其他平台提供商的竞争时从中获取价值。仅限于 EMBA 和斯隆 MBA 学生。

Consult J. Hising DiFabio
咨询 J. Hising DiFabio

Operations Management 运营管理

**15.761 Introduction to Operations Management

15.761 运营管理简介**

Prereq: 6.3700, 15.060, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 6.3700 ， 15.060 ， 或 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring, Summer) G（秋季、春季、夏季）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.734, 15.7611
也无法接收 15.734 的积分 。 15.7611

Imparts concepts, techniques, and tools to design, analyze, and improve core operational capabilities and apply them to a broad range of domains and industries. Emphasizes the effect of uncertainty in decision-making, as well as the interplay among high-level financial objectives, operational capabilities, and people and organizational issues. Covers topics in capacity analysis, process design, process and business innovation, inventory management, risk pooling, supply chain coordination, sustainable operations, quality management, operational risk management, pricing and revenue management. Underscores how these topics are integrated with different functions of the firm. Case studies and simulation games provide experience in applying central concepts and techniques to solve real-world business challenges. Meets with 15.7611 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version. Summer section is primarily for Leaders for Global Operations students.
传授概念、技术和工具，以设计、分析和改进核心运营能力，并将其应用于广泛的领域和行业。强调决策中不确定性的影响，以及高级财务目标、运营能力以及人员和组织问题之间的相互作用。涵盖容量分析、流程设计、流程和业务创新、库存管理、风险分担、供应链协调、可持续运营、质量管理、运营风险管理、定价和收入管理等主题。强调这些主题如何与公司的不同职能部门相结合。案例研究和模拟游戏提供了应用核心概念和技术来解决实际业务挑战的经验。同时提供时会面 15.7611 。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。夏季部分主要面向全球运营领导者学生。

N. Trichakis

**15.7611 Introduction to Operations Management

15.7611 Operations Management 简介**

Prereq: 15.069, 18.600, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.069 ， 18.600 ， 或 教师许可
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
4-0-5 units 4-0-5 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.734, 15.761
也无法接收 15.734 的积分 。 15.761

Imparts concepts, techniques, and tools to design, analyze, and improve core operational capabilities and apply them to a broad range of domains and industries. Emphasizes the effect of uncertainty in decision-making, as well as the interplay among high-level financial objectives, operational capabilities, and people and organizational issues. Covers topics in capacity analysis, process design, process and business innovation, inventory management, risk pooling, supply chain coordination, sustainable operations, quality management, operational risk management, pricing and revenue management. Underscores how these topics are integrated with different functions of the firm. Case studies and simulation games provide experience in applying central concepts and techniques to solve real-world business challenges. Meets with 15.761 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version.
传授概念、技术和工具，以设计、分析和改进核心运营能力，并将其应用于广泛的领域和行业。强调决策中不确定性的影响，以及高级财务目标、运营能力以及人员和组织问题之间的相互作用。涵盖容量分析、流程设计、流程和业务创新、库存管理、风险分担、供应链协调、可持续运营、质量管理、运营风险管理、定价和收入管理等主题。强调这些主题如何与公司的不同职能部门相结合。案例研究和模拟游戏提供了应用核心概念和技术来解决实际业务挑战的经验。同时提供时会面 15.761 。参加研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同。

D. Freund D. 弗洛因德

**15.762[J] Supply Chain Analytics

15.762[J] 供应链分析**

Same subject as 1.273[J], IDS.735[J]
与 1.273[J] 相同的主题 ， IDS.735[J]
Prereq: 15.761 or SCM.260[J]
Prereq： 15.761 或 SCM.260[J]
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Focuses on effective supply chain strategies for companies that operate globally, with emphasis on how to plan and integrate supply chain components into a coordinated system. Students are exposed to concepts and models important in supply chain planning with emphasis on key tradeoffs and phenomena. Introduces and utilizes key tactics such as risk pooling and inventory placement, integrated planning and collaboration, and information sharing. Lectures, computer exercises, and case discussions introduce various models and methods for supply chain analysis and optimization.
专注于为全球运营的公司制定有效的供应链战略，重点介绍如何规划供应链组件并将其集成到一个协调系统中。学生将接触到供应链规划中重要的概念和模型，重点是关键的权衡和现象。介绍并利用关键策略，例如风险共担和库存放置、集成规划和协作以及信息共享。讲座、计算机练习和案例讨论介绍了供应链分析和优化的各种模型和方法。

N. Trichakis, S. Willems N. Trichakis， S. Willems

**15.763[J] Supply Chain: Capacity Analytics

15.763[J] 供应链：产能分析**

Same subject as 1.274[J], IDS.736[J]
与 1.274[J] 相同的主题 ， IDS.736[J]
Prereq: 15.761, 15.778, or SCM.260[J]
先决条件： 15.761 ， 15.778 ， 或 SCM.260[J]
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

Focuses on decision making for system design, as it arises in manufacturing systems and supply chains. Students exposed to frameworks and models for structuring the key issues and trade-offs. Presents and discusses new opportunities, issues and concepts introduced by the internet and e-commerce. Introduces various models, methods and software tools for logistics network design, capacity planning and flexibility, make-buy, and integration with product development. Industry applications and cases illustrate concepts and challenges. Recommended for Operations Management concentrators. Second half-term subject.
专注于制造系统和供应链中出现的系统设计决策。学生接触用于构建关键问题和权衡的框架和模型。介绍和讨论互联网和电子商务带来的新机会、问题和概念。介绍用于物流网络设计、容量规划和灵活性、补偿购买以及与产品开发集成的各种模型、方法和软件工具。行业应用和案例说明了概念和挑战。推荐用于 Operations Management 集中器。下半学期科目。

S.  Graves, N. Trichakis, S. Willems
S. 格雷夫斯， N. 特里查基斯， S. 威廉姆斯

**15.764[J] The Theory of Operations Management

15.764[J] 运营管理理论**

Same subject as 1.271[J], IDS.250[J]
与 1.271[J] 相同的主题 ， IDS.250[J]
Prereq: (6.7210[J] and 6.7700[J]) or permission of instructor
先决条件：（ 6.7210[J] 和 6.7700[J] ） 或教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Provides mathematical foundations underlying the theory of operations management. Covers both classic and state-of-the-art results in various application domains, including inventory management, supply chain management and logistics, behavioral operations, healthcare management, service industries, pricing and revenue management, and auctions. Studies a wide range of mathematical and analytical techniques, such as dynamic programming, stochastic orders, principal-agent models and contract design, behavioral and experimental economics, algorithms and approximations, data-driven and learning models, and mechanism design. Also provides practical experience in how to apply the theoretical models to solve OM problems in business settings. Specific topics vary from year to year.
提供运营管理理论的数学基础。涵盖各种应用领域的经典和最新成果，包括库存管理、供应链管理和物流、行为运营、医疗保健管理、服务行业、定价和收入管理以及拍卖。研究广泛的数学和分析技术，例如动态规划、随机订单、委托代理模型和合同设计、行为和实验经济学、算法和近似值、数据驱动和学习模型以及机制设计。还提供有关如何应用理论模型解决业务环境中的 OM 问题的实践经验。具体主题每年都不同。

Staff 员工

**15.765[J] Global Supply Chain Management

15.765[J] 全球供应链管理**

Same subject as 1.265[J], 2.965[J], SCM.265[J]
与 1.265[J] 、 2.965[J] SCM.265[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: 15.761, 15.778, SCM.260[J], SCM.261[J], or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.761 ， 15.778 ， SCM.260[J] SCM.261[J] ， ， 或 教师权限
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

See description under subject SCM.265[J].
请参阅 主题 SCM.265[J] 下的描述 。

Staff 员工

**15.768 Management of Services: Creating Value for Customers, Employees, and Investors

15.768 服务管理：为客户、员工和投资者创造价值**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.761 or 15.778
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.761 或 15.778
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Focuses on how companies can use operational principles to create value for customers, employees, and investors simultaneously. Case-based subject that emphasizes systems perspective and leadership in operations versus the use of specific analytical tools (e.g., queuing theory, inventory management, process analysis) that were covered in the pre- or co-requisite. Cases include a range of service operations contexts including healthcare, hospitality, retailing, food service, pest control, and financial services.
重点介绍公司如何利用运营原则同时为客户、员工和投资者创造价值。基于案例的主题，强调系统视角和运营中的领导力，而不是使用先决条件或共同要求中涵盖的特定分析工具（例如，排队理论、库存管理、流程分析）。案例包括一系列服务运营环境，包括医疗保健、酒店、零售、食品服务、害虫防治和金融服务。

Z. Ton

**15.769 Operations Strategy

15.769 运营策略**

Prereq: 15.761, 15.778, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.761 ， 15.778 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Provides a unifying framework for analyzing strategic decisions in manufacturing and service operations. Covers decisions in technology, facilities, vertical integration, human resources, sourcing, supply chain, and other strategic areas. Examines how decisions in these areas can be made to align with business strategy, and emphasizes the concept of operations as a source of competitive advantage. Discusses operations strategy within the firm, across the supply chain, and for growth and new business models. Qualifies as an elective for the Sloan Sustainability Certificate.
为分析制造和服务运营中的战略决策提供统一的框架。涵盖技术、设施、垂直整合、人力资源、采购、供应链和其他战略领域的决策。研究如何做出这些领域的决策以与业务战略保持一致，并强调运营作为竞争优势来源的概念。讨论公司内部、整个供应链以及增长和新商业模式的运营战略。有资格成为仕龙可持续发展证书的选修课。

T. Roemer, K. Zheng T. Roemer， K. Zheng

**15.770[J] Logistics Systems

15.770[J] 物流系统**

Same subject as 1.260[J], IDS.730[J], SCM.260[J]
与 1.260[J] 、 IDS.730[J] SCM.260[J] 、 相同的主题
Subject meets with SCM.271
对象会见 SCM.271
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

See description under subject SCM.260[J].
请参阅 主题 SCM.260[J] 下的描述 。

C. Caplice, D. Correll C. Caplice， D. Correll

**15.771[J] Case Studies in Logistics and Supply Chain Management

15.771[J] 物流和供应链管理案例研究**

Same subject as 1.261[J], SCM.261[J]
与 1.261[J] 相同的主题 ， SCM.261[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位

See description under subject SCM.261[J].
请参阅 主题 SCM.261[J] 下的描述 。

M. Jesus Saenz

**15.772[J] D-Lab: Supply Chains

15.772[J] D-Lab：供应链**

Same subject as 2.771[J], EC.733[J]
与 2.771[J] 相同的主题 ， EC.733[J]
Subject meets with 2.871
对象会见 2.871
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-3-6 units 3-3-6 单位

Introduces concepts of supply chain design and planning with a focus on supply chains for products destined to improve quality of life in developing countries. Topics include demand estimation, process analysis and improvement, facility location and capacity planning, inventory management, and supply chain coordination. Also covers issues specific to emerging markets, such as sustainable supply chains, choice of distribution channels, and how to account for the value-adding role of a supply chain. Students conduct D-Lab-based projects on supply chain design or improvement. Students taking graduate version complete additional assignments.
介绍供应链设计和规划的概念，重点关注旨在提高发展中国家生活质量的产品供应链。主题包括需求估计、流程分析和改进、设施位置和容量规划、库存管理和供应链协调。还涵盖了新兴市场特有的问题，例如可持续供应链、分销渠道的选择以及如何考虑供应链的增值作用。学生进行基于 D-Lab 的供应链设计或改进项目。参加研究生版本的学生完成额外的作业。

S. C. Graves SC 格雷夫斯

**15.773 Hands-on Deep Learning

15.773 动手深度学习**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.071 or 15.072; or permission of instructor
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.071 或 15.072 ;或教师许可
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Fast-paced introduction to Deep Learning, the engine behind modern artificial intelligence, with an emphasis on developing a practical understanding of how to build models to solve complex problems involving unstructured data. Topics include the basics of deep neural networks and how to set up and train them, convolutional networks to process images and videos, transformers for natural language processing, generative large language models (such as ChatGPT), and text-to-image models (such as MidJourney). Prior familiarity with Python and fundamental machine learning concepts (such as training/validation/testing, overfitting/underfitting, and regularization) required.
深度学习是现代人工智能背后的引擎，节奏明快，重点是培养对如何构建模型以解决涉及非结构化数据的复杂问题的实际理解。主题包括深度神经网络的基础知识以及如何设置和训练它们、处理图像和视频的卷积网络、用于自然语言处理的转换器、生成式大型语言模型（如 ChatGPT）和文本到图像模型（如 MidJourney）。需要事先熟悉 Python 和基本的机器学习概念（例如训练/验证/测试、过拟合/欠拟合和正则化）。

R. Ramakrishnan, V. Farias
R. Ramakrishnan， V. 法里亚斯

**15.774 The Analytics of Operations Management

15.774 运营管理分析**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.060; or permission of instructor
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.060 ;或教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Introduces core concepts and methods in data-driven modeling that inform and optimize decisions under uncertainty. Teaches modeling and computational skills (R and Python). Covers topics such as machine learning, time series forecasting, choice modeling, dynamic programming, mixed-integer programming, stochastic optimization, matching algorithms, and multi-armed bandits. Draws on real-world applications from retail, healthcare, logistics, supply chain, public sector, social applications, and online learning.
介绍数据驱动建模中的核心概念和方法，这些概念和方法可在不确定性下为决策提供信息并优化决策。教授建模和计算技能（R 和 Python）。涵盖的主题包括机器学习、时间序列预测、选择建模、动态规划、混合整数规划、随机优化、匹配算法和多臂老虎机。利用零售、医疗保健、物流、供应链、公共部门、社交应用程序和在线学习的实际应用程序。

M. Fazel Zarandi 法泽尔·扎兰迪

**15.775 Analytics Proseminar

15.775 分析研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Provides opportunities to meet senior executives serving in top analytics and data science functions within a variety of organizations across industries. Discusses key business analytics issues from the perspective of top management. Students prepare detailed briefings identifying and exploring important analytics issues facing these organizations.
提供与各行各业组织中担任顶级分析和数据科学职能部门的高级管理人员会面的机会。从最高管理层的角度讨论关键的业务分析问题。学生准备详细的简报，确定和探索这些组织面临的重要分析问题。

Consult M. Li 咨询李明

**15.777 Healthcare Lab: Introduction to Healthcare Delivery in the United States

15.777 医疗保健实验室：美国医疗保健服务简介**

Prereq: 15.060 and 15.761
Prereq： 15.060 和 15.761
G (Fall, IAP) G（秋季，IAP）
4-0-11 units 4-0-11 单位

Focuses on the business challenges and opportunities to deliver high-quality and reasonably-priced health services, mainly in the United States. Provides an opportunity to interact with guest speakers and senior executives from the health sector. Topics include aspects of healthcare delivery operations and how they are affected by healthcare reform policies, alternative payment models, population health perspectives, and social determinants of health. Discussions include examples from the ongoing healthcare-related work of Sloan faculty, as well as the potential for analytics and digitization to impact healthcare delivery. Provides a broad perspective on various career paths, such as consulting, entrepreneurship, delivery system management, and digital innovation development. Student teams work with a provider, supplier or healthcare-related startup organization on an applied project. Includes on-site work during fall and IAP.
专注于提供高质量和价格合理的健康服务的商业挑战和机遇，主要在美国。提供与特邀演讲者和卫生部门高级管理人员互动的机会。主题包括医疗保健服务运营的各个方面以及它们如何受到医疗保健改革政策、替代支付模式、人口健康观点和健康的社会决定因素的影响。讨论包括仕龙教师正在进行的医疗保健相关工作的示例，以及分析和数字化影响医疗保健服务的潜力。为各种职业道路提供广阔的视角，例如咨询、创业、交付系统管理和数字创新开发。学生团队与供应商、供应商或医疗保健相关的初创公司合作开展应用项目。包括秋季和 IAP 期间的现场工作。

A. Quaadgras, J. Jonasson
A. 夸德格拉斯，J. 乔纳森

**15.778 Introduction to Operations Management

15.778 运营管理简介**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Integrated approach to the analysis, design and management of supply networks for products and services. Provides a framework for analysis, design and operation of supply chains (SCs) that relies on fundamental concepts, such as the management of inventory, and operations and logistics planning. Discusses the value of (timely) information and of the need for collaboration and coordination between SC players. Also presents conceptual frameworks that focus on the emergence of a wide range of enabling services that are critical to the survival and growth of this class of system. Includes study and discussion of concepts, examples, and case studies from a wide range of industries. Guest speakers present personal experiences on various aspects of the service industry and supply chains. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBA students.
分析和管理产品和服务供应网络的集成方法。为供应链 （SC） 的分析、设计和运营提供一个框架，该框架依赖于基本概念，例如库存管理、运营和物流规划。讨论（及时）信息的价值以及 SC 参与者之间协作和协调的必要性。还提出了一些概念框架，这些框架侧重于对此类系统的生存和发展至关重要的广泛使能服务的出现。包括对来自各行各业的概念、示例和案例研究的研究和讨论。演讲嘉宾介绍了服务行业和供应链各个方面的个人经验。仅限 Sloan Fellow MBA 学生。

V. Farias V. 法里亚斯

**15.779 Technology, Design and Entrepreneurship: Operating in Emerging Communities

15.779 技术、设计和创业：在新兴社区运营**

Subject meets with 15.781
对象会见 15.781
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Designed for students working on solutions for resource-constrained communities. Examines downstream issues surrounding the adoption, distribution, and scaling (via business, non-profit, or public policy channels) of new solutions in an international development context. Focuses on implementing solutions as well as understanding the impact of interventions proposed.
专为为资源受限的社区寻找解决方案的学生而设计。研究在国际发展背景下围绕新解决方案的采用、分发和扩展（通过商业、非营利组织或公共政策渠道）的下游问题。侧重于实施解决方案以及了解所提议的干预措施的影响。

C. Vaishnav, D. Rigos, R. Stoner, C. Fine
C. Vaishnav， D. Rigos， R. Stoner， C. Fine

**15.780 Analytics of Operations Management

15.780 运营管理分析**

Prereq: 6.3700, 15.069, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 6.3700 ， 15.069 ， 或 教师许可
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Introduces core concepts in data-driven modeling that inform and optimize business decisions under uncertainty. Covers models and frameworks, such as machine learning, time series forecasting, dynamic programming, stochastic optimization, and multi-armed bandits. Draws on real-world applications, with several examples from retail, healthcare, logistics, supply chain, and public sector.
介绍数据驱动建模中的核心概念，这些概念在不确定性下为业务决策提供信息并优化。涵盖模型和框架，例如机器学习、时间序列预测、动态规划、随机优化和多臂老虎机。借鉴实际应用程序，包括来自零售、医疗保健、物流、供应链和公共部门的几个示例。

M. Fazel Zarandi 法泽尔·扎兰迪

**15.781 Technology, Design and Entrepreneurship: Operating in Emerging Communities

15.781 技术、设计和创业：在新兴社区运营**

Subject meets with 15.779
对象会见 15.779
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Designed for students working on solutions for resource-constrained communities. Examines downstream issues surrounding the adoption, distribution, and scaling (via business, non-profit, or public policy channels) of new solutions in an international development context. Focuses on implementing solutions as well as understanding the impact of interventions proposed. Restricted to Tata Fellows.
专为为资源受限的社区寻找解决方案的学生而设计。研究在国际发展背景下围绕新解决方案的采用、分发和扩展（通过商业、非营利组织或公共政策渠道）的下游问题。侧重于实施解决方案以及了解所提议的干预措施的影响。仅限 Tata 研究员。

C. Vaishnav, D. Rigos, R. Stoner, C. Fine
C. Vaishnav， D. Rigos， R. Stoner， C. Fine

**15.782 Product Development Methods

15.782 产品开发方法**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-0 units 3-0-0 单位

Covers modern tools and methods for product design and development, including human-centered design, agile development, product planning, identifying customer needs, concept generation, product architecture, industrial design, concept design, sustainable design methods, and product management. Limited enrollment.
涵盖用于产品设计和开发的现代工具和方法，包括以人为本的设计、敏捷开发、产品规划、识别客户需求、概念生成、产品架构、工业设计、概念设计、可持续设计方法和产品管理。招生人数有限。

S. Eppinger, M. Yang

**15.783[J] Product Design and Development

15.783[J] 产品设计与开发**

Same subject as 2.739[J]
与 Subject 相同 2.739[J]
Prereq: 2.009, 15.761, 15.778, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 2.009 ， 15.761 ， 15.778 15.814 ， ， 或 教师权限
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-3-6 units 3-3-6 单位

Covers modern tools and methods for product design and development. Includes a cornerstone project in which teams conceive, design and prototype a physical product and/or service. Covers human-centered design, agile development, product planning, identifying customer needs, concept generation, product architecture, industrial design, concept design, green design methods, and product management. Sloan students register via Sloan course bidding. Engineering students accepted via lottery based on WebSIS pre-registration.
涵盖用于产品设计和开发的现代工具和方法。包括一个基石项目，团队在该项目中构思、设计和制作物理产品和/或服务的原型。涵盖以人为本的设计、敏捷开发、产品规划、识别客户需求、概念生成、产品架构、工业设计、概念设计、绿色设计方法和产品管理。仕龙学生通过仕龙课程竞价注册。工科学生根据 WebSIS 预注册通过抽签录取。

S. Eppinger, M. C. Yang

**15.784 Operations Laboratory

15.784 运营实验室**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.761
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.761
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
2-3-4 units 2-3-4 单位

Provides an interactive learning experience in implementing operations improvement and an opportunity to work on challenging operations problems across industries in the Boston area, across the United States, and abroad. Teams of three to four students use their training and experience to help improve operations in organizations that range from small and medium businesses to multi-national corporations. Teams conduct term-long projects via remote interactions with companies, and travel to work on-site at the client company during the Sloan Innovation Period. Boston-area projects involve periodic visits throughout the term.
提供实施运营改进的交互式学习体验，并有机会解决波士顿地区、美国和国外各行各业具有挑战性的运营问题。由 3 到 4 名学生组成的团队利用他们的培训和经验来帮助改善从中小型企业到跨国公司的组织的运营。团队通过与公司的远程互动来执行长期项目，并在仕龙创新期间出差到客户公司现场工作。波士顿地区的项目涉及整个学期的定期访问。

T. Roemer

**15.785 Product Management

15.785 产品管理**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.786
也无法获得 15.786

Introduction to product management with an emphasis on its role within technology-driven enterprises. Topics include opportunity discovery, product-technology roadmapping, product development processes, go-to-market strategies, product launch, lifecycle management, and the central role of the product manager in each activity. Exercises and assignments utilize common digital tools, such as storyboarding, wireframe mock-ups, and A/B testing. Intended for students seeking a role in a product management team or to contribute to product management in a new enterprise.
产品管理简介，强调其在技术驱动型企业中的作用。主题包括机会发现、产品技术路线图、产品开发流程、上市策略、产品发布、生命周期管理以及产品经理在每个活动中的核心作用。练习和作业使用常见的数字工具，例如故事板、线框模型和 A/B 测试。面向寻求在产品管理团队中担任角色或为新企业中的产品管理做出贡献的学生。

V. Farias, C. Fine V. 法里亚斯， C. Fine

**15.786 Product Management with Lab

15.786 使用实验室进行产品管理**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.761; permission of instructor
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.761 ;教师权限
G (IAP, Spring; first half of term)
G（IAP，春季;学期上半年）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.785
也无法获得 15.785

Adds an action learning component to 15.785. Students are matched with partner companies and contribute (over IAP) to a PM-related project at the company. Students must register for both IAP and spring to receive credit and participate in the company project.
向 中添加操作学习组件 15.785 。学生与合作伙伴公司匹配，并（通过 IAP）为公司的 PM 相关项目做出贡献。学生必须同时注册 IAP 和 Spring 才能获得学分并参与公司项目。

V. Farias, C. Fine V. 法里亚斯， C. Fine

**15.792[J] Global Operations Leadership Seminar

15.792[J] 全球运营领导力研讨会**

Same subject as 2.890[J], 10.792[J], 16.985[J]
与 2.890[J] 、 10.792[J] 16.985[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
2-0-0 units 2-0-0 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Integrative forum in which worldwide leaders in business, finance, government, sports, and education share their experiences and insights with students aspiring to run global operations. Students play a large role in managing the seminar. Preference to LGO students.
商业、金融、政府、体育和教育领域的全球领导者与有志于经营全球业务的学生分享他们的经验和见解的综合论坛。学生在管理研讨会方面发挥着重要作用。优先考虑 LGO 学生。

T. Roemer

**15.794 Research Project in Operations

15.794 运营研究项目**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Required course designed for Leaders for Global Operations (LGO) students in conjunction with on-site projects at LGO partner companies. Internship experience must be at least 1,000 hours in length over 25-week period over the course of two academic terms, and students enter a formal agreement with their internship host company. Students work on faculty-supervised thesis research projects that deal with a specific aspect of operations, informed by this experience. Students' completion of requirements will be certified by faculty advisor. Students are required to summarize their work in the context of understanding organization, leadership, teamwork, and task management, in conjunction with 15.317.
为全球运营领导者 （LGO） 学生设计的必修课程，并与 LGO 合作伙伴公司的现场项目相结合。在两个学期的课程中，实习经验必须在 25 周内至少 1,000 小时，并且学生必须与实习主办公司签订正式协议。学生根据这些经验，从事由教师指导的论文研究项目，这些项目涉及运营的特定方面。学生完成要求后将由教师顾问认证。学生需要在理解组织、领导力、团队合作和任务管理的背景下总结他们的工作，并结合 15.317 。

T. Roemer

**15.799 Workshop in Operations Management

15.799 运营管理研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Presentations by faculty, doctoral students, and guest speakers of ongoing research relating to current issues in operations management, including reports of research projects (proposed or in progress) and informal discussions of recent literature dealing with subjects of special interest to participants. Primarily for doctoral students.
教师、博士生和演讲嘉宾就运营管理中的当前问题进行的研究发表演讲，包括研究项目报告（拟议或正在进行）和对涉及参与者特别感兴趣的主题的最新文献的非正式讨论。主要面向博士生。

Staff 员工

Marketing 营销

**15.809 Introduction to Marketing and Strategy

15.809 营销与战略导论**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduces the core strategic framework used to evaluate the attractiveness of different markets. Reviews the methods that firms can use to optimize their profits in the markets that they choose to target. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBAs.
介绍用于评估不同市场吸引力的核心战略框架。回顾公司可以用来在他们选择的目标市场中优化利润的方法。仅限于 Sloan Fellow MBA。

D. Simester D. 西斯特

**15.814 Marketing Innovation

15.814 营销创新**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.732, 15.8141
也无法接收 15.732 的积分 。 15.8141

Develops the skills necessary to market innovations, including new products, services, concepts, and customer experiences. Covers how to select the right market, target that market effectively, position a product or service for maximum success, and combine analytics, frameworks, and research for maximum potential. Emphasizes both marketing theory and practice: proven solutions to marketing problems, case sessions to illustrate the application of these techniques in various industries, and practice sessions to apply these techniques to real problems.
培养市场创新所需的技能，包括新产品、服务、概念和客户体验。涵盖如何选择合适的市场、有效地定位该市场、定位产品或服务以获得最大成功，以及结合分析、框架和研究以获得最大潜力。强调营销理论和实践：营销问题的行之有效的解决方案，说明这些技术在各个行业中的应用的案例会议，以及将这些技术应用于实际问题的实践会议。

Consult J. Hauser, J. Zhang
咨询 J. Hauser， J. Zhang

**15.8141 Marketing Innovation

15.8141 营销创新**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.732, 15.814
也无法接收 15.732 的积分 。 15.814

Develops the skills necessary to market innovations, including new products, services, concepts, and customer experiences. Covers how to select the right market, target that market effectively, position a product or service for maximum success, and combine analytics, frameworks, and research for maximum potential. Emphasizes both marketing theory and practice: proven solutions to marketing problems, case sessions to illustrate the application of these techniques in various industries, and practice sessions to apply these techniques to real problems.
培养市场创新所需的技能，包括新产品、服务、概念和客户体验。涵盖如何选择合适的市场、有效地定位该市场、定位产品或服务以获得最大成功，以及结合分析、框架和研究以获得最大潜力。强调营销理论和实践：营销问题的行之有效的解决方案，说明这些技术在各个行业中的应用的案例会议，以及将这些技术应用于实际问题的实践会议。

R. Bhui

**15.815 Applied Behavioral Economics

15.815 应用行为经济学**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Introduction to behavioral economics for future managers, analysts, consultants or advisors to private and public enterprises. Presents basic principles of behavioral economics, and selected applications to marketing, management, finance, and public policy. Focuses on hidden influences, habits, and irrationalities in our behavior. Treats departures from 'rational behavior' as opportunities - for individuals to improve themselves, for companies to solve consumers' problems, for society to create new institutions and policies.
为未来的管理者、分析师、顾问或私营和公共企业的经理、分析师、顾问或顾问提供行为经济学导论。介绍行为经济学的基本原理，以及在市场营销、管理、金融和公共政策中的选定应用。关注我们行为中隐藏的影响、习惯和非理性。将背离“理性行为”视为机会 - 个人可以提升自己，公司可以解决消费者的问题，社会可以创建新的制度和政策。

D. Prelec D. 普雷莱克

15.818 Pricing 15.818 定价

Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.726
也无法获得 15.726

Framework for understanding pricing strategies and analytics, with emphasis on entrepreneurial pricing. Topics include economic value analysis, elasticities, customization, complementary products, pricing in platform markets, and anticipating competitive responses.
理解定价策略和分析的框架，重点是企业定价。主题包括经济价值分析、弹性、定制、互补产品、平台市场的定价以及预测竞争反应。

C. Tucker C. 塔克

**15.819 Marketing and Product Analytics

15.819 营销和产品分析**

Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Uses quantitative data to inform, make, and automate marketing and product decisions, including growth marketing, product design, pricing and promotions, advertising, and customer retention. Topics include creating metrics, randomized experiments, models for targeting, network effects, and analyzing launches. Features lectures, industry examples and guests, and data analysis assignments supported by in-class labs. Draws inspiration from the internet industry, but applications span many industries.
使用定量数据来通知、制定和自动化营销和产品决策，包括增长营销、产品设计、定价和促销、广告和客户保留。主题包括创建指标、随机实验、定位模型、网络效应和分析启动。特色讲座、行业示例和嘉宾，以及由课堂实验室支持的数据分析作业。从互联网行业汲取灵感，但应用涉及多个行业。

D. Eckles D. 埃克尔斯

**15.821 Listening to the Customer

15.821 倾听客户的意见**

Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Introduces proven methods for listening to customers and understanding their needs in order to generate new ideas to build the top line. Students practice experiential interviewing and discuss how to use metaphor analysis, observation, the voice of the customer, and other methods to uncover customer needs.
介绍经过验证的方法，用于倾听客户意见并了解他们的需求，以便产生新的想法来构建收入。学生练习体验式访谈，并讨论如何使用隐喻分析、观察、客户的声音和其他方法来发现客户需求。

J. Hauser J. 豪瑟

**15.822 Strategic Market Measurement

15.822 战略市场测量**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Project subject teaches students how to create, carry out, interpret, and analyze a market research questionnaire. Emphasis on discovering market structure and segmentation, but students can pursue other project applications. Includes a user-oriented treatment of multivariate analysis (factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, conjoint and cluster analysis).
项目主题教授学生如何创建、执行、解释和分析市场研究问卷。强调发现市场结构和细分，但学生可以追求其他项目应用。包括面向用户的多变量分析处理（因子分析、多维尺度、联合和聚类分析）。

D. Prelec D. 普雷莱克

**15.830 Enterprise Management Lab

15.830 企业管理实验室**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.761, 15.814, or 15.900
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.761 、 15.814 或 15.900
G (Fall, IAP) G（秋季，IAP）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Lays the foundation for the Enterprise Management (EM) Certificate by developing students' ability to apply integrated management perspectives and practices through action-learning. Small teams of students deliver quality deliverables by working on projects for large organizations and emergent innovators that integrate marketing, operations, and/or strategy. Students engage with faculty mentors and guest faculty speakers from marketing, strategy, and operations. Promotes a holistic cross-functional approach to addressing business issues. Significant class time allocated to team collaboration on projects. Students must register for both the fall term and IAP. Restricted to students eligible for the MIT Sloan Enterprise Management Certificate.
通过行动学习培养学生应用综合管理观点和实践的能力，为企业管理 （EM） 证书奠定基础。由学生组成的小团队通过为大型组织和新兴创新者从事整合营销、运营和/或战略的项目来交付高质量的可交付成果。学生与来自营销、战略和运营的教师导师和客座教师演讲者互动。推广一种全面的跨职能方法来解决业务问题。将大量课堂时间分配给项目团队协作。学生必须同时注册秋季学期和 IAP。仅限有资格获得麻省理工学院斯隆企业管理证书的学生。

S. Chatterjee S. 查特吉

**15.833 Business-to-Business Marketing

15.833 企业对企业营销**

Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Applies marketing concepts, analyses and tools used in business-to-business (B2B) marketing. Develops an understanding of customer value management and value quantification as a strategy for delivering superior value to targeted business segments while maintaining equitable returns. Focuses on B2B pricing, brand building, web and technology facilitation of the supply chain, and customer relationship management. Underscores sales force management within the context of go-to-market strategy; however, does not address selling per se. Discusses various B2B contexts, such as products and services, for- and non-profits, and domestic and global markets. Emphasizes applications in technology and healthcare domains. Includes value-based pricing project, case studies, applied exercises, and readings.
应用企业对企业 （B2B） 营销中使用的营销概念、分析和工具。培养对客户价值管理和价值量化的理解，将其作为在保持公平回报的同时为目标业务部门提供卓越价值的策略。专注于 B2B 定价、品牌建设、供应链的 Web 和技术促进以及客户关系管理。强调在市场进入战略的背景下进行销售团队管理;但是，它并不涉及销售本身。讨论各种 B2B 环境，例如产品和服务、组织和非营利组织，以及国内和全球市场。强调技术和医疗保健领域的应用。包括基于价值的定价项目、案例研究、应用练习和阅读材料。

S. Chatterjee S. 查特吉

**15.834 Marketing Strategy

15.834 营销策略**

Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
4-0-2 units 4-0-2 单位

Prepares students to formulate the marketing component of overall corporate strategy. Students examine three types of situations: some in which firms leverage their existing competitive advantages; some in which they build new competitive advantages; and some in which a seemingly weaker competitor, such as a start-up, leapfrogs a larger incumbent. Presents material through a combination of cases, lectures, and a group project.
让学生为制定整体公司战略的营销部分做好准备。学生研究三种类型的情况：一些公司利用其现有的竞争优势;有些是他们建立新的竞争优势;还有一些是看似较弱的竞争对手（例如初创公司）超越了更大的现有企业。通过案例、讲座和小组项目的组合来展示材料。

B. Wernerfelt B. 维尔纳费尔特

**15.835 Entrepreneurial Marketing

15.835 创业营销**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Explores a basic marketing framework in depth as it applies to start-ups. Students then apply this framework to a project.
深入探讨适用于初创企业的基本营销框架。然后，学生将此框架应用于项目。

B. Wernerfelt B. 维尔纳费尔特

**15.838 Research Seminar in Marketing

15.838 市场营销研究研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Seminar on current marketing literature and current research interests of faculty and students. Topics such as marketing models, consumer behavior, competitive strategy, marketing experimentation, and game theory. Restricted to doctoral students.
关于当前营销文献和教师和学生当前研究兴趣的研讨会。主题包括营销模型、消费者行为、竞争策略、营销实验和博弈论。仅限博士生。

D. Eckles, D. Prelec D. Eckles， D. Prelec

**15.839 Workshop in Marketing

15.839 市场营销研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Presentations by faculty, doctoral students, and guest speakers of ongoing research relating to current issues in marketing. Topics: reports of research projects (proposed or in progress) and informal discussions of recent literature dealing with subjects of special interest to participants. Restricted to doctoral students.
教师、博士生和正在进行的与当前营销问题相关的正在进行的研究的演讲。主题：研究项目报告（拟议或正在进行）和涉及参与者特别感兴趣的主题的近期文献的非正式讨论。仅限博士生。

Staff 员工

**15.840-15.843 Seminar in Marketing

15.840-15.843 市场营销研讨会**

Prereq: 15.810  前提： 15.810
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to marketing.
与市场营销相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Staff 员工

15.846 Branding 15.846 品牌

Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides a foundation for building, managing, and defending brands at various stages in the brand life cycle. Introduces the fundamentals of customer experience, brand architecture, and management strategies relevant for B2C and B2B Marketing. Examples from a variety of industries cover topics that include brand co-creation, diffusion, imitation, and authenticity. Explores theory and practice using cases and behavioral academic research. Also looks at the development of leadership branding.
为在品牌生命周期的各个阶段构建、管理和保护品牌奠定基础。介绍与 B2C 和 B2B 营销相关的客户体验、品牌架构和管理策略的基础知识。来自各个行业的示例涵盖的主题包括品牌共创、传播、模仿和真实性。通过案例和行为学术研究探索理论和实践。还着眼于领导力品牌的发展。

R. Gosline R. 戈斯林

**15.847[J] Consumer Behavior

15.847[J] 消费者行为**

Same subject as 9.550[J]
与 Subject 相同 9.550[J]
Prereq: 15.809, 15.814, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.809 ， 15.814 ， 或 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Fall)
2025-2026 学年：G（秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 9.55[J], 15.8471[J]
也无法接收 9.55[J] 的积分 。 15.8471[J]

Examines the behavior of consumers through the lens of behavioral economics, cognitive science, and social psychology. Reviews theory and research and brings this knowledge to bear on a wide range of applications in business and public policy. Lectures are combined with cases, guest speakers, and brainstorming sessions where students work in teams to apply concepts to real-world problems. Meets with 15.8471[J] when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria may differ for students taking the graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
通过行为经济学、认知科学和社会心理学的视角研究消费者的行为。回顾理论和研究，并将这些知识应用于商业和公共政策的广泛应用。讲座与案例、嘉宾演讲和头脑风暴会议相结合，学生以团队形式将概念应用于现实世界的问题。同时提供时会面 15.8471[J] 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准可能有所不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

D. Rand D. 兰德

**15.8471[J] Consumer Behavior

15.8471[J] 消费者行为**

Same subject as 9.55[J]
与 Subject 相同 9.55[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: U (Fall)
2025-2026 学年：U （秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 9.550[J], 15.847[J]
也无法接收 9.550[J] 的积分 。 15.847[J]

Examines the behavior of consumers through the lens of behavioral economics, cognitive science, and social psychology. Reviews theory and research and brings this knowledge to bear on a wide range of applications in business and public policy. Lectures are combined with cases, guest speakers, and brainstorming sessions where students work in teams to apply concepts to real-world problems. Meets with 15.847[J] when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria may differ for students taking the graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
通过行为经济学、认知科学和社会心理学的视角研究消费者的行为。回顾理论和研究，并将这些知识应用于商业和公共政策的广泛应用。讲座与案例、嘉宾演讲和头脑风暴会议相结合，学生以团队形式将概念应用于现实世界的问题。同时提供时会面 15.847[J] 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准可能有所不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

D. Rand D. 兰德

System Dynamics 系统动力学

**15.871 Introduction to System Dynamics

15.871 系统动力学简介**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring; first half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.736, 15.873, 15.8731
也无法接收 15.736 、 、 15.873 15.8731 的积分

Introduction to systems thinking and system dynamics modeling applied to strategy, organizational change, and policy design. Students use simulation models, management flight simulators, and case studies to develop conceptual and modeling skills for the design and management of high-performance organizations in a dynamic world. Case studies of successful applications of system dynamics in growth strategy, management of technology, operations, public policy, product development, and others. Principles for effective use of modeling in the real world. Meets with 15.873 first half of term when offered concurrently. Students taking 15.871 complete additional assignments.
介绍应用于战略、组织变革和政策设计的系统思维和系统动力学建模。学生使用仿真模型、管理飞行模拟器和案例研究来培养概念和建模技能，以便在动态世界中设计和管理高绩效组织。系统动力学在增长战略、技术管理、运营、公共政策、产品开发等方面的成功应用案例研究。在现实世界中有效使用建模的原则。同时提供时与 15.873 学期的前半学期会面。参加 15.871 额外作业的学生完成

J. Chu, V. Yang, D. Keith
J. Chu， V. Yang， D. Keith

**15.872 System Dynamics II

15.872 系统动力学 II**

Prereq: 15.871 先决条件： 15.871
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.737
也无法获得 15.737

Emphasizes tools and methods needed to apply systems thinking and simulation modeling successfully in diverse real-world settings, including supply chains, forecasting, project management, process improvement, service operations, and platform-based businesses, among others. Uses simulation models, management flight simulators, and case studies to deepen the conceptual and modeling skills introduced in 15.871. Through models and case studies of successful applications students develop proficiency in how to use qualitative and quantitative data to formulate and test models, and how to work effectively with senior executives to implement change successfully. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking half-term graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
强调在各种实际环境中成功应用系统思维和仿真建模所需的工具和方法，包括供应链、预测、项目管理、流程改进、服务运营和基于平台的业务等。使用仿真模型、管理飞行模拟器和案例研究来深化 中介绍的概念和建模技能 15.871 。通过成功应用的模型和案例研究，学生熟练掌握如何使用定性和定量数据来制定和测试模型，以及如何与高级管理人员有效合作以成功实施变革。参加期中研究生课程的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

Staff 员工

**15.873 System Dynamics for Business and Policy

15.873 商业和政策的系统动力学**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.736, 15.871, 15.8731
也无法接收 15.736 、 、 15.871 15.8731 的积分

Focuses on developing the skills and tools needed to successfully apply systems thinking and simulation modeling in diverse real-world settings, including growth strategy, management of technology, operations, public policy, product development, supply chains, forecasting, project management, process improvement, service operations, and platform-based businesses, among others. Uses simulation models, management flight simulators, and case studies to deepen conceptual and modeling skills beyond what is introduced in 15.871. Exploring case studies of successful applications, students develop proficiency in how to use qualitative and quantitative data to formulate and test models, and how to work effectively with senior executives to successfully implement change. Prepares students for further work in the field. Meets with 15.871 in first half of term when offered concurrently. Students taking 15.871 complete additional assignments.
专注于培养在各种现实环境中成功应用系统思维和仿真建模所需的技能和工具，包括增长战略、技术管理、运营、公共政策、产品开发、供应链、预测、项目管理、流程改进、服务运营和基于平台的业务等。使用仿真模型、管理飞行模拟器和案例研究来加深概念和建模技能，而不仅仅是 中介绍的内容 15.871 。通过探索成功应用的案例研究，学生熟练掌握如何使用定性和定量数据来制定和测试模型，以及如何与高级管理人员有效合作以成功实施变革。为学生在该领域的进一步工作做好准备。在学期的前半学期同时提供时会面 15.871 。参加 15.871 额外作业的学生完成

J. Chu, V. Yang, D. Keith
J. Chu， V. Yang， D. Keith

**15.8731 System Dynamics: Tools for Solving Complex Problems

15.8731 系统动力学：解决复杂问题的工具**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.736, 15.871, 15.873
也无法接收 15.736 、 、 15.871 15.873 的积分

Introduction to field of system dynamics. Builds on ideas of control theory to understand dynamics of social, technological and organizational systems. Focuses on developing skills and tools needed to successfully apply systems thinking and simulation modeling in diverse real-world settings, including sustainability, strategy, project management, product development, public policy, healthcare, forecasting, platform-based businesses, and others. Utilizes simulation models, management flight simulators, and case studies to deepen conceptual and modeling skills. Develops proficiency in using qualitative and quantitative data to formulate and test models and how to work effectively with policy makers and executives to successfully implement change. Meets with 15.873 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria may differ for students taking the graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
系统动力学领域简介。以控制理论的思想为基础，以理解社会、技术和组织系统的动态。专注于培养在各种现实环境中成功应用系统思维和仿真建模所需的技能和工具，包括可持续性、战略、项目管理、产品开发、公共政策、医疗保健、预测、基于平台的业务等。利用仿真模型、管理飞行模拟器和案例研究来加深概念和建模技能。熟练使用定性和定量数据来制定和测试模型，以及如何与政策制定者和高管有效合作以成功实施变革。同时提供时会面 15.873 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准可能有所不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

J. Chu, V. Yang

**15.874[J] People and the Planet: Environmental Governance and Science

15.874[J] 人类与地球：环境治理与科学**

Same subject as 12.387[J], IDS.063[J]
与 12.387[J] 相同的主题 ， IDS.063[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

See description under subject 12.387[J].
请参阅 主题 12.387[J] 下的描述 。

N. Selin, S. Solomon, J. Sterman
N. Selin， S. Solomon， J. Sterman

**15.878 Sustainable Business Lab

15.878 可持续商业实验室**

Prereq: None. Coreq: 15.915
先决条件：无。Coreq： 15.915
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Integrative experience that explores the complex set of circumstances and choices leaders must face in light of uncertain environmental and social consequences. Drawing on academic and practical experiences, students engage in a semester-long project focused on a host organization's sustainability challenge. Peer-to-peer learning accompanies in-class cases, simulations, and role-playing to provide students with practical skills for application in projects and for careers beyond. A shared deep dive into a systemic challenge provides a chance for students across programs to reflect and engage in dialogue about the ethical landscape of business. Through personal reflection and career visioning, students clarify their own personal commitments to leadership and change.
综合体验，探索领导者在不确定的环境和社会后果下必须面对的一系列复杂情况和选择。利用学术和实践经验，学生参与一个为期一学期的项目，重点关注主办组织的可持续性挑战。点对点学习伴随着课堂案例、模拟和角色扮演，为学生提供在项目和以后的职业生涯中应用的实用技能。对系统性挑战的共同深入探讨了这一挑战，为跨课程的学生提供了一个反思和参与关于商业道德格局的对话的机会。通过个人反思和职业愿景，学生阐明自己对领导力和变革的个人承诺。

J. Jay, B. Patten J. Jay， B. Patten

**15.879 Research Seminar in System Dynamics

15.879 系统动力学研究研讨会**

Prereq: 15.873 and permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.873 和讲师的许可
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Doctoral seminar in system dynamics modeling, with a focus on building advanced modeling and research skills. Topics vary from year to year and may include: classic works in dynamic modeling from various disciplines (e.g., psychology, sociology, behavioral economics) and current research problems and papers; advanced system dynamics models focused on research and practical problems of interest to students; analytic tools and methods for model development, estimation, and analysis (e.g., automating modeling workflow, maximum likelihood, simulated method of moments, dynamical games, dynamic programming); bootcamp for enhancing modeling skills working on multiple problem sets.
系统动力学建模博士研讨会，重点是培养高级建模和研究技能。主题每年都不同，可能包括：来自不同学科（例如心理学、社会学、行为经济学）的动态建模经典著作以及当前的研究问题和论文;高级系统动力学模型，专注于学生感兴趣的研究和实际问题;用于模型开发、估计和分析的分析工具和方法（例如，自动化建模工作流程、最大似然、模拟矩法、动态博弈、动态规划）;Bootcamp 用于提高处理多个问题集的建模技能。

Consult J. Chu, V. Yang
咨询 J. Chu， V. Yang

Strategic Management 战略管理

**15.900 Competitive Strategy

15.900 竞争策略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, Spring) G（秋季、春季）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.9001
也无法获得 15.9001

Explores a wide range of strategic problems, focusing particularly on the sources of competitive advantage and the interaction between industry structure and organizational capabilities. Introduces a wide variety of modern strategy frameworks and methodologies. Builds upon and integrates material from core topics, such as economics and organizational processes. Meets with 15.9001 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
探讨广泛的战略问题，特别关注竞争优势的来源以及行业结构和组织能力之间的相互作用。介绍各种现代战略框架和方法。建立并整合来自核心主题的材料，例如经济学和组织流程。同时提供时会面 15.9001 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

D. Sull, P. Azoulay D. Sull， P. Azoulay

**15.9001 Competitive Strategy

15.9001 竞争策略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Spring; first half of term)
U （春季;学期上半学期）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.900
也无法获得 15.900

Explores a wide range of strategic problems, focusing particularly on the sources of competitive advantage and the interaction between industry structure and organizational capabilities. Introduces a wide variety of modern strategy frameworks and methodologies. Builds upon and integrates material from core topics, such as economics and organizational processes. Meets with 15.900 when offered concurrently. Expectations and evaluation criteria differ for students taking graduate version; consult syllabus or instructor for specific details.
探讨广泛的战略问题，特别关注竞争优势的来源以及行业结构和组织能力之间的相互作用。介绍各种现代战略框架和方法。建立并整合来自核心主题的材料，例如经济学和组织流程。同时提供时会面 15.900 。参加研究生版本的学生的期望和评估标准不同;有关具体细节，请咨询教学大纲或教师。

G. Rilinger

**15.902 Advanced Strategic Management

15.902 高级战略管理**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.714
也无法获得 15.714

Focuses on developing skills and applying frameworks for the conduct of competitive and corporate strategy. Develops tools from earlier core subjects, especially those from strategic marketing, organizational processes, innovation-driven advantage, and economics. Emphasis is placed on the role of strategic commitments, social networks, strategic coherence, and adapting to environmental and technological change. Restricted to MIT Sloan Fellows.
专注于发展技能和应用框架来实施竞争和企业战略。从早期的核心主题开发工具，尤其是来自战略营销、组织流程、创新驱动优势和经济学的工具。重点放在战略承诺、社交网络、战略一致性以及适应环境和技术变化的作用上。仅限麻省理工学院斯隆研究员。

Staff 员工

**15.903 Managing the Modern Organization

15.903 管理现代组织**

Prereq: 15.010 and 15.311
Prereq： 15.010 和 15.311
G (Fall, Spring; second half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期后半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Focuses on how managers build and manage complex organizations to achieve strategic goals (e.g., competitive advantages for firms). Develops frameworks that build on 15.010 and 15.311, as well as concepts borrowed from game theory. Applies these frameworks to corporate strategy, with an emphasis on modern managerial practices as key drivers of organizational success.
重点介绍管理者如何构建和管理复杂的组织以实现战略目标（例如，公司的竞争优势）。开发基于 15.010 和 15.311 的框架，以及从博弈论中借用的概念。将这些框架应用于公司战略，强调现代管理实践作为组织成功的关键驱动力。

C. Angelucci C. 安杰鲁奇

**15.904 Strategy and the CEO

15.904 战略与首席执行官**

Prereq: 15.900 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.900 或教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring; second half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季;下半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Builds on 15.900 and 15.902 to explore key concepts that have shaped the field of strategic management teaching and strategy consulting over the past several decades. Uses lectures, readings, case studies, and videos to review the evolution of strategy teaching, research, and practice; differences between analytical versus prescriptive tools for strategic thinking and planning; external versus internal influences on financial results; and sources of enduring competitive advantage. Key themes include the role of CEO leadership in strategy formulation and execution, how to view company performance in context, and the role of platform strategies as a tool for competition in the digital age.
建立 15.900 在过去几十年中塑造战略管理教学和战略咨询领域的关键概念之上并 15.902 探索这些概念。使用讲座、阅读材料、案例研究和视频来回顾战略教学、研究和实践的演变;用于战略思考和规划的分析工具与规范工具之间的差异;外部与内部对财务结果的影响;以及持久竞争优势的来源。关键主题包括 CEO 领导力在战略制定和执行中的作用，如何在情境中看待公司绩效，以及平台战略作为数字时代竞争工具的作用。

M. Cusumano M. 库苏马诺

**15.906 Competitive Strategy Boot Camp

15.906 竞争策略训练营**

Prereq: 15.809 先决条件： 15.809
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
2-0-1 units 2-0-1 单位

Introduces a variety of modern strategy frameworks and methodologies to develop the skills needed to be a successful manager. Cases and readings explore a range of strategic problems, focusing particularly value capture, the sources of competitive advantage and the interaction between industry structure and organizational capabilities. Restricted to Sloan Fellow MBA students.
介绍各种现代战略框架和方法，以培养成为成功经理所需的技能。案例和阅读材料探讨了一系列战略问题，特别关注价值捕获、竞争优势的来源以及行业结构和组织能力之间的相互作用。仅限 Sloan Fellow MBA 学生。

D. Li 李大成

**15.910 Innovation Strategy

15.910 创新战略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Establishes a foundation for formulating, analyzing, and executing strategies to develop and commercialize new products and services in technology-intensive industries. Develops and applies rigorous frameworks to examine the interaction between patterns of technological change, market dynamics, and the development of internal firm capabilities. Topics include profiting from innovation, the role of intellectual property, platform strategy, government regulation, and innovation policy. Applies concepts in various industry and case settings with an emphasis on addressing issues most relevant for today's changing economic landscape and fostering innovation for social progress, such as clean energy, environmental management, healthcare, and digitalization.
为制定、分析和执行战略奠定基础，以在技术密集型行业中开发和商业化新产品和服务。制定并应用严格的框架来检查技术变革模式、市场动态和内部公司能力发展之间的相互作用。主题包括从创新中获利、知识产权的作用、平台战略、政府监管和创新政策。将概念应用于各种行业和案例设置，重点是解决与当今不断变化的经济格局最相关的问题，并促进创新以促进社会进步，例如清洁能源、环境管理、医疗保健和数字化。

J. Pless J. 普莱斯

**15.911 Entrepreneurial Strategy

15.911 创业战略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
6-0-3 units 6-0-3 单位
Credit cannot also be received for 15.715
也无法获得 15.715

Teaches an integrated strategy framework for start-ups. Provides a deep understanding of the core strategic choices facing innovation-based entrepreneurs, a synthetic framework for the process of choosing and the implementation of entrepreneurial strategy, and the core challenges and approaches for scaling ventures over time. Highlights the process of how to choose an entrepreneurial strategy, the specific choices that matter, how key choices fit together to form an overall entrepreneurial strategy, and the playbook for particular strategies for startups.
教授初创企业的综合战略框架。提供对创新型企业家面临的核心战略选择的深刻理解、选择和实施创业战略过程的综合框架，以及随着时间的推移扩大企业规模的核心挑战和方法。重点介绍如何选择创业战略的过程、重要的具体选择、关键选择如何组合在一起形成整体创业战略，以及初创公司特定战略的手册。

S. Stern, E. Scott S. 斯特恩，E. 斯科特

**15.912 Strategic Management of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

15.912 创新和创业的战略管理**

Prereq: 15.910, 15.911, or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.910 ， 15.911 ， 或 教师许可
G (Spring; second half of term)
G（春季;学期后半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Provides a series of strategic frameworks for managing high-technology businesses with a particular focus on innovation and entrepreneurship, especially as it builds upon patterns of technological and market change, prior research on product development and new ventures, and the structure and development of organizational capabilities. Includes case analyses and simulations, as well as independent readings drawn from research in technological innovation, entrepreneurial management, and organizational theory.
提供一系列用于管理高科技企业的战略框架，特别关注创新和创业，特别是当它建立在技术和市场变化的模式、对产品开发和新企业的先前研究以及组织能力的结构和发展之上时。包括案例分析和模拟，以及从技术创新、创业管理和组织理论研究中提取的独立阅读材料。

Staff 员工

**15.913 Strategies for Sustainable Business

15.913 可持续商业战略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring; first half of term)
G（春季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

Develops a pragmatic, action-oriented approach to sustainability: the alignment between healthy businesses, healthy environments, healthy societies, and an economy that meets human needs. In-class simulations and role-playing provide a robust foundation for understanding sustainability challenges. Cases analyze innovative strategies for sustainable businesses and organizations. Class discussions explore how sustainability is changing existing business models and market structures, how to develop sustainable management practices, and how firms can implement those practices successfully.
制定务实、以行动为导向的可持续发展方法：在健康的企业、健康的环境、健康的社会和满足人类需求的经济之间保持一致。课堂模拟和角色扮演为理解可持续发展挑战提供了坚实的基础。案例分析可持续企业和组织的创新战略。课堂讨论探讨了可持续性如何改变现有的商业模式和市场结构，如何发展可持续管理实践，以及公司如何成功实施这些实践。

M. Amengual, J. Jay, J. Sterman
M. Amengual， J. Jay， J. Sterman

**15.914 Competitive Dynamics and Strategy: Winning in Technology Markets

15.914 竞争动态和战略：在技术市场中获胜**

Prereq: 15.872 and (15.369, 15.567, 15.900, or 15.902)
前提条件： 15.872 和 （ 15.369 ， 15.567 ， 15.900 ， 或 15.902 ）
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
2-0-7 units 2-0-7 单位

Focuses on competitive strategy in technology-driven markets. Students acquire a portfolio of models of the signature dynamics in these markets and use the models in projects with participating companies to analyze technology markets, formulate competitive strategies, and illuminate the challenges of execution. Addresses issues critical for both established incumbents and new market entrants. Restricted to graduate students.
专注于技术驱动型市场的竞争战略。学生获得这些市场标志性动态的模型组合，并在参与公司的项目中使用这些模型来分析技术市场、制定竞争策略并阐明执行挑战。解决对现有企业和新市场进入者都至关重要的问题。仅限研究生。

H. B. Weil

**15.915 Business Strategies for a Sustainable Future

15.915 可持续未来的商业战略**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
3-0-6 units 3-0-6 单位

Develops a pragmatic, action-oriented approach to sustainability: the alignment between healthy businesses, healthy environments, healthy societies, and an economy that meets human needs. In-class simulations and role-playing provide a robust foundation for understanding sustainability challenges. Cases analyze innovative strategies for sustainable businesses and organizations. Class discussions explore how sustainability is changing existing business models and market structures, how to develop sustainable management practices, and how firms can implement those practices successfully.
制定务实、以行动为导向的可持续发展方法：在健康的企业、健康的环境、健康的社会和满足人类需求的经济之间保持一致。课堂模拟和角色扮演为理解可持续发展挑战提供了坚实的基础。案例分析可持续企业和组织的创新战略。课堂讨论探讨了可持续性如何改变现有的商业模式和市场结构，如何发展可持续管理实践，以及公司如何成功实施这些实践。

J. Jay, B. Patten, J. Sterman, J. de Zegher
J. Jay， B. Patten， J. Sterman， J. de Zegher

**15.928 The Sociology of Strategy

15.928 战略社会学**

Prereq: 15.342 先决条件： 15.342
Acad Year 2024-2025: G (Spring)
2024-2025 学年：G（春季）
Acad Year 2025-2026: Not offered
2025-2026 学年：不提供
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Doctoral seminar in theory building for social scientists interested in economic sociology, organization theory, strategic management, and related fields. Builds skills for developing social scientific theory. Focuses on assessing and developing the relevance of sociological research for key questions in strategy research: what explains the relative performance of firms and the variety of their strategies for achieving performance. Students also develop skills in evaluating academic research in this area. Restricted to doctoral students.
为对经济社会学、组织理论、战略管理和相关领域感兴趣的社会科学家开设理论建设博士研讨会。培养发展社会科学理论的技能。侧重于评估和发展社会学研究与战略研究中关键问题的相关性：什么解释了公司的相对绩效及其实现绩效的战略的多样性。学生还培养了评估该领域学术研究的技能。仅限博士生。

E. Zuckerman E. 祖克曼

**15.929 Identity and Action

15.929 身份与行动**

Prereq: 15.342 先决条件： 15.342
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
3-0-9 units 3-0-9 单位

Doctoral seminar in theory building for social scientists. Primary goal is to build skills for developing social scientific theory. Secondary goals are to review and integrate a broad array of ideas concerning the foundations of identity and its relation to action, and to suggest how such issues relate to a broader set of questions in the social sciences. Students learn that any account of action is based on ascribing desires, beliefs, and opportunities to specific actors, but such actors cannot be easily explained except as a result of action by prior actors. The focus of this course is around developing this paradox and providing a foundation for resolving it. Restricted to doctoral students.
社会科学家理论建设博士研讨会。主要目标是培养发展社会科学理论的技能。次要目标是回顾和整合有关身份基础及其与行动关系的广泛想法，并提出这些问题如何与社会科学中更广泛的问题相关联。学生们学习到，任何对行动的描述都是基于将欲望、信念和机会归因于特定的参与者，但这些行为者不能轻易解释，除非是先前行为者行动的结果。本课程的重点是发展这个悖论并为解决它提供基础。仅限博士生。

E. Zuckerman E. 祖克曼

**15.933 Strategic Opportunities in Energy

15.933 能源战略机遇**

Prereq: 15.900 or permission of instructor
前提条件： 15.900 或教师许可
G (Fall; first half of term)
G（秋季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
4-0-2 units 4-0-2 单位

Introduces the energy system in terms of sources and uses, market characteristics, and key metrics. Provides frameworks for understanding the structure and dynamics of the sector and the drivers of the energy future. Opportunities resulting from demand growth, supply challenges, environmental constraints, security of supply, technology breakthroughs, and regulation are analyzed from the perspectives of both established players and entrepreneurs. Student teams engage in projects that evaluate a segment of the energy landscape and develop a strategic prospectus for a new business opportunity.
从来源和用途、市场特征和关键指标方面介绍能源系统。为理解该行业的结构和动态以及能源未来的驱动因素提供框架。从成熟参与者和企业家的角度分析了需求增长、供应挑战、环境限制、供应安全、技术突破和监管带来的机遇。学生团队参与的项目评估能源格局的一部分，并为新的商机制定战略招股说明书。

H. B. Weil

**15.941[J] Leadership in Real Estate

15.941[J] 房地产领导力**

Same subject as 11.430[J]
与 Subject 相同 11.430[J]
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Fall; first half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（秋季;上半学期）
3-0-3 units 3-0-3 单位

See description under subject 11.430[J]. Limited to 15.
请参阅 主题 11.430[J] 下的描述 。限 15 人。

G. Schuck G. 舒克

**15.949 Seminar in Strategy

15.949 战略研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to strategy.
研究生有机会就与战略相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult E. Zuckerman 咨询 E. Zuckerman

Common Ground Subjects 共同基础主题

**15.C08[J] Causal Inference

15.C08[J] 因果推理**

Same subject as 17.C08[J]
与 Subject 相同 17.C08[J]
Prereq: 6.3800, 6.3900, 6.C01, 14.32, 17.803, 18.05, 18.650[J], or permission of instructor
前提条件： 6.3800 ， ， 6.3900 ， 14.32 17.803 18.05 18.650[J] 6.C01 ，
U (Spring) U （弹簧）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Provides an accessible overview of modern quantitative methods for causal inference: testing whether an action causes an outcome to occur. Makes heavy use of applied, real-data examples using Python or R and drawn from the participating domains (economics, political science, business, public policy, etc.). Covers topics including potential outcomes, causal graphs, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, instrumental variable estimation, and a contrast with machine learning techniques. Seeks to provide an intuitive understanding of the core concepts and techniques to help students produce and consume evidence of causal claims.
提供用于因果推理的现代定量方法的可访问概述：测试操作是否会导致结果发生。大量使用使用 Python 或 R 的应用真实数据示例，并从参与领域（经济学、政治学、商业、公共政策等）中提取。涵盖的主题包括潜在结果、因果图、随机对照试验、观察性研究、工具变量估计以及与机器学习技术的对比。力求提供对核心概念和技术的直观理解，以帮助学生产生和使用因果关系主张的证据。

J. Doyle, R. Rigobon, T. Yamamoto
J. Doyle， R. Rigobon， T. Yamamoto

**15.C57[J] Optimization Methods (15.093)

15.C57[J] 优化方法 （15.093）**

Same subject as 6.C57[J], IDS.C57[J]
与 6.C57[J] 相同的主题 ， IDS.C57[J]
Subject meets with 6.C571[J], 15.C571[J]
对象与 6.C571[J] 、 15.C571[J] 会面
Prereq: 18.C06[J] or permission of instructor
前提条件： 18.C06[J] 或教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Introduction to the methods and applications of optimization. Topics include linear optimization, duality, non-linear optimization, integer optimization, and optimization under uncertainty. Instruction provided in modeling techniques to address problems arising in practice, mathematical theory to understand the structure of optimization problems, computational algorithms to solve complex optimization problems, and practical applications. Covers several examples and in-depth case studies based on real-world data to showcase impactful applications of optimization across management and engineering. Computational exercises based on the Julia-based programming language JuMP. Includes a term project. Basic competency in computational programming and linear algebra recommended. Students taking graduate version complete additional assignments. This subject was previously listed as 15.093/6.7200/IDS.200.
优化的方法和应用简介。主题包括线性优化、对偶性、非线性优化、整数优化和不确定性下的优化。提供建模技术教学以解决实践中出现的问题，数学理论以了解优化问题的结构，计算算法解决复杂优化问题以及实际应用。涵盖基于真实数据的多个示例和深入案例研究，以展示优化在管理和工程中的有影响力的应用。基于基于 Julia 的编程语言 JuMP 的计算练习。包括术语 project。建议具备计算编程和线性代数的基本能力。参加研究生版本的学生完成额外的作业。该主题之前列为 15.093/6.7200/IDS.200。

A. Jacquillat

**15.C571[J] Optimization Methods (6.7201)

15.C571[J] 优化方法 （6.7201）**

Same subject as 6.C571[J]
与 Subject 相同 6.C571[J]
Subject meets with 6.C57[J], 15.C57[J], IDS.C57[J]
对象与 6.C57[J] 、 15.C57[J] IDS.C57[J] 、 会面
Prereq: 18.C06[J] or permission of instructor
前提条件： 18.C06[J] 或教师许可
U (Fall) U （秋季）
4-0-8 units 4-0-8 单位

Introduction to the methods and applications of optimization. Topics include linear optimization, duality, non-linear optimization, integer optimization, and optimization under uncertainty. Instruction provided in modeling techniques to address problems arising in practice, mathematical theory to understand the structure of optimization problems, computational algorithms to solve complex optimization problems, and practical applications. Covers several examples and in-depth case studies based on real-world data to showcase impactful applications of optimization across management and engineering. Computational exercises based on the Julia-based programming language JuMP. Includes a term project. Basic competency in computational programming and linear algebra recommended. Students taking graduate version complete additional assignments. This subject was previously listed as 6.7201. One section primarily reserved for Sloan students; check syllabus for details.
优化的方法和应用简介。主题包括线性优化、对偶性、非线性优化、整数优化和不确定性下的优化。提供建模技术教学以解决实践中出现的问题，数学理论以了解优化问题的结构，计算算法解决复杂优化问题以及实际应用。涵盖基于真实数据的多个示例和深入案例研究，以展示优化在管理和工程中的有影响力的应用。基于基于 Julia 的编程语言 JuMP 的计算练习。包括术语 project。建议具备计算编程和线性代数的基本能力。参加研究生版本的学生完成额外的作业。此主题以前列为 6.7201。一个部分主要为斯隆学生保留;查看教学大纲了解详情。

A. Jacquillat

Special Subjects 特殊科目

**15.S01 Special Seminar in Management

15.S01 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Summer) G （秋季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S02 Special Seminar in Management

15.S02 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring; second half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季;下半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Staff 员工

**15.S03 Special Seminar in Management

15.S03 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Staff 员工

**15.S04 Special Seminar in Management

15.S04 管理学专题研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Staff 员工

**15.S05 Special Seminar in Management

15.S05 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring, Summer; first half of term)
G （秋季、春季、夏季;学期上半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Staff 员工

**15.S06 Special Seminar in Management

15.S06 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (Spring; first half of term)
2025-2026 学年：G（春季;上半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Staff 员工

**15.S07 Special Seminar in Management

15.S07 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer; first half of term)
G （春季、夏季;学期上半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Staff 员工

**15.S08 Special Seminar in Management

15.S08 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Staff 员工

**15.S09 Special Seminar in Management

15.S09 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Department Headquarters
咨询部门总部

**15.S10 Special Seminar in Management

15.中十 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum. Consult Department headquarters.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。请咨询部门总部。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S11 Special Seminar in Management

15.中11 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer; first half of term)
G （春季、夏季;学期上半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S10-15.S12 Special Seminar in Management

15.S10-15.中十二 管理学专题讲座**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring, Summer) G（秋季、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Department Headquarters
咨询部门总部

**15.S13 Special Seminar in Management

15.中十三 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (IAP)
2025-2026 学年：G （IAP）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Education Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S14 Special Seminar in Management

15.中14 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer; first half of term)
G （春季、夏季;学期上半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Opportunity for group study by graduate students on current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
研究生有机会就课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Department Headquarters
咨询部门总部

**15.S15 Special Seminar in Management

15.中15 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer) G （春、夏）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S16 Special Seminar in Management

15.中16 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall; second half of term)
G（秋季;学期后半段）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S17 Special Seminar in Management

15.中17 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring, Summer) G（秋季、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
对课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Consult: Sloan Educational Services
咨询：仕龙教育服务

**15.S18 Special Seminar in Management

15.中18 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer; second half of term)
G （春季、夏季;学期下半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
对课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Consult: Sloan Educational Services
咨询：仕龙教育服务

**15.S19 Special Seminar in Management

15.中19 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Summer; second half of term)
G （夏季;学期后半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
对课程中未包含的与管理相关的当前主题的小组研究。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S20-15.S26 Special Seminar in Management

15.S20-15.S26 管理学专题研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
Acad Year 2024-2025: Not offered
2024-2025 学年：不提供
Acad Year 2025-2026: G (IAP)
2025-2026 学年：G （IAP）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum. Coursework may continue into the following term.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。课程作业可以继续到下学期。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S30 Special Distance Learning Seminar in Management

15.中三管理学特别远程学习研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study through distance learning on current topics related to management.
通过远程学习对与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S31 Special Distance Learning Seminar in Management

15.S31 管理学特别远程学习研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study through distance learning on current topics related to management.
通过远程学习对与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S32 Special Distance Learning Seminar in Management

15.S32 管理学特别远程学习研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study through distance learning on current topics related to management.
通过远程学习对与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S33 Special Distance Learning Seminar in Management

15.S33 管理学特别远程学习研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Summer) G （夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study through distance learning on current topics related to management.
通过远程学习对与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S35-15.S38 Special Distance Learning Seminar in Management

15.S35-15.S38 管理学特别遥距学习研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (IAP) G （IAP）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study through distance learning on current topics related to management.
通过远程学习对与管理相关的当前主题进行小组学习。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S40 Special Seminar in Management

15.S40 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (IAP) U （IAP）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Staff 员工

**15.S41 Special Seminar in Management

15.S41 管理学专题研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (IAP) U （IAP）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Staff 员工

**15.S42 Special Seminar in Management

15.S42 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (IAP) U （IAP）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Staff 员工

**15.S43 Special Seminar in Management

15.S43 管理学专题研讨会**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall; first half of term)
U （秋季;学期上半学期）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Staff 员工

**15.S44 Special Seminar in Management

15.S44 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Staff 员工

**15.S45 Special Seminar in Management

15.S45 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Staff 员工

**15.S46 Special Seminar in Management

15.S46 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall) U （秋季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Staff 员工

**15.S47 Special Seminar in Management

15.S47 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, IAP) U （秋季，IAP）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Undergraduate Program Headquarters
咨询本科生项目总部

**15.S50 Special Seminar in Management

15.S50 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall) G（秋季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S51 Special Seminar in Management

15.S51 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S52 Special Seminar in Management

15.S52 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S53 Special Seminar in Management

15.S53 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S54 Special Seminar in Management

15.S54 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Spring, Summer; second half of term)
G （IAP、春季、夏季;学期下半期）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S55 Special Seminar in Management

15.S55 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, IAP) G（秋季，IAP）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S56 Special Seminar in Management

15.S56 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S57 Special Seminar in Management

15.S57 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S58 Special Seminar in Management

15.S58 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S59 Special Seminar in Management

15.S59 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer) G （春、夏）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S60 Special Seminar in Management

15.S60 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S61 Special Seminar in Management

15.S61 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S62 Special Seminar in Management

15.S62 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S63 Special Seminar in Management

15.S63 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S64 Special Seminar in Management

15.S64 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Summer) G（IAP、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S65 Special Seminar in Management

15.S65 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP, Spring, Summer) G（IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S66 Special Seminar in Management

15.S66 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring) G （弹簧）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S67 Special Seminar in Management

15.S67 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Spring, Summer) G （春、夏）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S68 Special Seminar in Management

15.S68 管理学专题研讨班**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, Spring; second half of term)
G（秋季、春季;学期后半学期）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S69 Special Seminar in Management

15.S69 管理学专题研讨**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Summer) G （夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.S70-15.S75 Special Seminar in Management

15.S70-15.S75 管理学专题研讨会**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (IAP) G （IAP）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Group study of current topics related to management not otherwise included in curriculum.
与管理相关的当前主题的小组学习，未包含在课程中。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

Thesis, Research, and Practice

论文、研究与实践

**15.UAR[J] Climate and Sustainability Undergraduate Advanced Research

15.UAR[J] 气候与可持续性 本科生 高级研究**

Same subject as 1.UAR[J], 3.UAR[J], 5.UAR[J], 11.UAR[J], 12.UAR[J], 22.UAR[J]
与 1.UAR[J] 、 、 3.UAR[J] 5.UAR[J] 、 11.UAR[J] 、 12.UAR[J] 22.UAR[J] 、 相同的主题
Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
2-0-4 units 2-0-4 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

See description under subject 1.UAR[J]. Application required; consult MCSC website for more information.
请参阅 主题 1.UAR[J] 下的描述 。需要申请;有关更多信息，请访问 MCSC 网站。

D. Plata, E. Olivetti D. 普拉塔，E. 奥利维蒂

**15.UR Undergraduate Research in Management

15.UR 本科管理研究**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
U （秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Participation in the work of a research group which includes such activities as independent study of the literature, direct involvement in the group's research (commensurate with the student's skills and preparation), or project work under an individual faculty member possibly extending over more than one term. Admission by arrangement with individual faculty member. Requires written project report.
参与研究小组的工作，包括独立研究文献、直接参与小组的研究（与学生的技能和准备工作相称）或由个别教职员工领导的项目工作，可能持续多个学期。与个别教职员工安排入学。需要书面项目报告。

Staff 员工

**15.URG Undergraduate Studies in Management

15.URG 管理学本科学习**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
U （秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Participation in the work of a research group which includes such activities as independent study of the literature, direct involvement in the group's research (commensurate with the student's skills and preparation), or project work under an individual faculty member possibly extending over more than one term. Admission by arrangement with individual faculty member. Requires written project report.
参与研究小组的工作，包括独立研究文献、直接参与小组的研究（与学生的技能和准备工作相称）或由个别教职员工领导的项目工作，可能持续多个学期。与个别教职员工安排入学。需要书面项目报告。

J. S. Carroll J. S. 卡罗尔

**15.EPE UPOP Engineering Practice Experience

15.EPE UPOP 工程实践经验**

Engineering School-Wide Elective Subject.
工程学院范围的选修科目。
Offered under: 1.EPE, 2.EPE, 3.EPE, 6.EPE, 8.EPE, 10.EPE, 15.EPE, 16.EPE, 20.EPE, 22.EPE
提供于： ， ， ， 3.EPE ， 6.EPE 8.EPE 10.EPE 15.EPE 16.EPE 20.EPE 22.EPE 2.EPE 1.EPE
Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, Spring) U （秋季、春季）
0-0-1 units 0-0-1 单位
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

See description under subject 2.EPE. Application required; consult UPOP website for more information.
请参阅 主题 2.EPE 下的描述 。需要申请;有关更多信息，请咨询 UPOP 网站。

K. Tan-Tiongco, D. Fordell
K. Tan-Tiongco， D. Fordell

**15.950 Independent Study in Management

15.950 独立管理研究**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
U （秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Advanced work, special investigation or application of a management topic, on an individual basis, under faculty supervision. May include readings, conferences, laboratory and fieldwork, and reports. Projects require prior approval, as well as a written proposal and a final report.
在教师的监督下，以个人为基础进行高级工作、特殊调查或管理主题的应用。可能包括阅读、会议、实验室和实地考察以及报告。项目需要事先批准，以及书面提案和最终报告。

M. Hanlon M. 汉隆

**15.951 Independent Study in Management

15.951 独立管理研究**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
U （秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Advanced work, special investigation or application of a management topic, on an individual basis, under faculty supervision. May include readings, conferences, laboratory and fieldwork, and reports. Projects require prior approval, as well as a written proposal and a final report.
在教师的监督下，以个人为基础进行高级工作、特殊调查或管理主题的应用。可能包括阅读、会议、实验室和实地考察以及报告。项目需要事先批准，以及书面提案和最终报告。

M. Hanlon M. 汉隆

**15.952 Curricular Practical Training

15.952 课程实践训练**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
U (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
U （秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

For Course 15 undergraduate students participating in management curriculum-related off-campus internship experiences. Students must have an employment offer from a company or organization and must find a Sloan faculty advisor before enrolling. Consult Sloan Undergraduate Education Office.
对于课程 15 参加管理课程相关校外实习体验的本科生。学生必须获得公司或组织的录用通知，并且必须在入学前找到仕龙教师顾问。请咨询斯隆本科生教育办公室。

S. Alessandro S. 亚历山德罗

**15.960 Independent Study in Management

15.960 独立管理研究**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Advanced work, special investigation or application of a management topic, on an individual basis, under faculty supervision. May include readings, conferences, laboratory and fieldwork, and reports. Projects require prior approval, as well as a written proposal and a final report.
在教师的监督下，以个人为基础进行高级工作、特殊调查或管理主题的应用。可能包括阅读、会议、实验室和实地考察以及报告。项目需要事先批准，以及书面提案和最终报告。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.961 Independent Study in Management

15.961 独立管理研究**

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Advanced work, special investigation or application of a management topic, on an individual basis, under faculty supervision. May include readings, conferences, laboratory and fieldwork, and reports. Projects require prior approval, as well as a written proposal and a final report.
在教师的监督下，以个人为基础进行高级工作、特殊调查或管理主题的应用。可能包括阅读、会议、实验室和实地考察以及报告。项目需要事先批准，以及书面提案和最终报告。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

**15.998 Independent Group Study in Action Learning

15.998 行动学习中的独立小组学习**

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Not offered regularly; consult department
不定期提供;咨询部门
Units arranged 单位排列

Team-based opportunities for application management tools, under faculty supervision, on dynamic projects that provide a wide array of operational challenges facing organizations around the world. May include travel to on-site locales. Projects require prior approval, as well as a written proposal and a final report.
在教师的监督下，在动态项目中提供基于团队的应用程序管理工具机会，这些项目为世界各地的组织提供了广泛的运营挑战。可能包括前往现场地点的旅行。项目需要事先批准，以及书面提案和最终报告。

Consult T. Walor 咨询 T. Walor

15.999 Internship 15.999 实习

Prereq: None  先决条件： 无
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged [P/D/F] 单位配置 [P/D/F]
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Elective subject in which students participate in an off-campus internship experience and apply topics of management and/or culture to their experience. Requirements include a written deliverable. Internship experience must be at least two weeks in length, and students must have a formal offer letter from host employer/organization. Restricted to MIT Sloan students who wish to intern in an area related to their field of study. Additional restrictions may apply.
学生参加校外实习体验并将管理和/或文化主题应用于他们的体验的选修科目。要求包括书面交付成果。实习经历必须至少持续两周，并且学生必须持有主办雇主/组织的正式录取通知书。仅限于希望在与其研究领域相关的领域实习的麻省理工学院斯隆学院学生。可能适用其他限制条件。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

15.THG Graduate Thesis 15.THG 毕业论文

Prereq: Permission of instructor
前提条件： 教师许可
G (Fall, IAP, Spring, Summer)
G（秋季、IAP、春季、夏季）
Units arranged 单位排列
Can be repeated for credit.
可以重复以获得学分。

Research and writing of thesis; to be arranged by the student with supervising committee.
研究和撰写论文;由学生与监督委员会安排。

Consult Sloan Educational Services
咨询仕龙教育服务

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